Overview of Blockchain and Installation

2022年10月24日(月)、慶應義塾大学大学院メディアデザイン研究科「サービスデザインプロジェクト B」2022秋で使用したスライドです。

Transcript

1. Service Design, generated by Stable Diffusion
   B 2022
   2
   ( )
   B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.1/60
   

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2. https://speakerdeck.com/ks91
   ( )
   ( )
   Discord
   Discord ( / / )
   Zoom URL ( )
   B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.2/60
   

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3. ( )
   1 10 17 •
   2 10 24 •
   3 10 31
   4 11 7 2
   5 11 14 1
   6 11 21 2
   7 11 28
   8 12 5
   Discord
   B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.3/60
   

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4. –
   :
   : Ethereum
   ( )
   ( ) Ethereum
   B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.4/60
   

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5. –
   B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.5/60
   

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6. ެ։୆ா
   ެ։Ͱͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍
   
   ʜ
   ຊਓ
   ɾૹۚه࿥
   ɾίʔυ
   ɾσʔλͷมԽ
   ɾ࣮ߦϩά
   ݕӾͰ͖Δୈࡾऀ
   ͜Εɺ
   ه࿥͍ͨ͠Μ͚ͩͲ
   ͋ͳͨ͸
   ॻ͍ͨΒμϝ
   ͜ͷ಺༰͸
   ॻ͍ͨΒμϝ
   ॻ͍ͪΌͬͨͷʁ
   ͜͏ॻ͖׵͑·͠ΐ͏
   ॻ͍ͯͳ͍ͷʁ
   ͜͏ॻ͔Εͨ͜ͱʹ
   ͠·͠ΐ͏
   ॻ͍ͪΌͬͨͷʁ
   ফ͠·͠ΐ͏
   %P4 ߈ܸͱ͔Ͱ
   ๦֐ͯ͠ࢭΊ·͠ΐ͏
   B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.6/60
   

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7. ( )
   ( )
   ( )
   ↓
   ( ( ))
   (BP : Blockchain Property )
   BP-1 : ( )
   BP-2 : ( ( ) )
   BP-3 : ( )
   ( ) ( )
   B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.7/60
   

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8. ( )
   (LIFO : Last In, First Out)
   ( )
   B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.8/60
   

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9. ( ) ( )
   ( )
   (
   ) ( 16
   )
   SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm)
   ( ) 1bit
   B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.9/60
   

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10. ( ) ( )
    < , >
    ( )
    ←
    : < , >
    :
    : < , , >
    : OK ( 1 ) NG ( )
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.10/60
    

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11. BP-1 ( ), BP-2 ( )
    BBc-1 f : → BP-3
    ( )
    ( )
    ( ) ← BP-2
    ← BP-3 ( ) (BP-2 )
    ( ) ← BP-3 (?)
    + ← BP-{1,2}
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.11/60
    

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12. [Lamport 1984][Schneider 1990]
    (1)
    (2)
    (3)
    (4) ( )
    ←
    ↑
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.12/60
    

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13. TX : transaction
    ( 4 TX )
    SMRP (State Machine Replication Problem)
    SMRP-1 ( )
    SMRP-2
    :
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.13/60
    

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14. ( ) ( )
    ϒϩοΫ൪߸O ϒϩοΫ൪߸O ϒϩοΫ൪߸O ϒϩοΫ൪߸O
    ϒϩοΫ൪߸O ϒϩοΫ൪߸O ϒϩοΫ൪߸O
    ϒϩοΫ൪߸O
    ͍ͪ͹Μه࿥ɾॻ͖׵͑ͷίετ͕ߴ͍ྺ࢙ ࠷΋վ͟Μ͠ʹ͍͘ྺ࢙
    ͕༗ޮ
    ͻͱͭखલͷϒϩοΫͷ
    ʮμΠδΣετʯ
    σδλϧॺ໊͞Εͨ
    ʮτϥϯβΫγϣϯ औҾ
    ʯ
    ϒϩοΫΛ࡞ΔͨΊʹ͸ɺͦͷʮμΠδΣετʯ͕͋Δ਺ҎԼͱ͍͏৚݅Λຬͨͨ͠Γ 1SPPGPG8PSL
    
    Ծ૝௨՟ͷ࣋ͪ෼ʹԠͨ͡ݖརΛ࢖ͬͨ౤ථͰউͬͨΓ 1SPPGPG4UBLF
    ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ ίετ͕͔͔Δ
    
    ϒϩοΫΛ࡞Δਓ͸ͦͷதʹࣗ෼ʹѼͯͨ
    Ծ૝௨՟ͰͷใुΛॻ͖ࠐΉ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ɺ
    ͦͷϒϩοΫ͕༗ޮͳྺ࢙ͷதʹ͋Δ৔߹ʹ
    ݶΓใु΋༗ޮͱͳΔ
    τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷଘࡏΛ֬ೝ͢Δ
    ͨΊͷޮ཰తͳํ๏͕ఏڙ͞ΕΔ
    ਖ਼౰ੑ ଘࡏੑ
    །Ұੑ
    Proof of Work ( )
    . . . →
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.14/60
    

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15. (BP-3 ) ( : )
    (BP-3 ) ( : )
    ← NFT
    BP-{1,2,3}
    BP-{1, 2}
    ⇒
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.15/60
    

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16. (Confidentiality)
    BP-{1,2,3}
    ↑
    ( = )
    (Integrity)
    BP-3
    (Availability)
    BP-2
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.16/60
    

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17. 2009
    ↑
    13
    ( 5 )
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.17/60
    

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18. ( )
    ADR (Active (space) Debris Removal)
    : https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSS.2018.2890655
    (1930 )
    ( )
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.18/60
    

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19. ( )
    ( )
    ( )
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.19/60
    

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20. ( )
    ( - )
    : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2019.05.019
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.20/60
    

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21. ( )
    ( )
    ( )
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.21/60
    

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22. ( )
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.22/60
    

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23. / ( )
    ( )
    ( )
    ( )
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.23/60
    

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24. ( )
    ( )
    ( )
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.24/60
    

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25. ( )
    : https://www.lij.jp/html/jli/jli_2017/
    2017summer_p018.pdf
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.25/60
    

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26. ( )
    ( )
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.26/60
    

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27. B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.27/60
    

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28. with
    ( )
    ( )
    : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012
    ( )
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.28/60
    

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29. DNS
    : https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409 ( )
    IP
    AS
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.29/60
    

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30. ( )
    ( )
    :
    https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409
    ( )
    : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012
    (web )
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.30/60
    

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31. ( )
    ( )
    ( )
    : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012
    ( )
    ( )
    ( )
    :
    https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.31/60
    

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32. ( )
    ( )
    :
    https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409
    3D
    ( )
    :
    HACCP ( )
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.32/60
    

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33. —
    τʔΫϯ
    ୅ସ՟ฎ
    
    εϚʔτίϯτϥΫτ
    ݕূՄೳͳঢ়ଶϚγϯ
    
    ϓϩϏφϯε
    དྷྺূ໌
    
    ୅ସՄೳ
    ঈؐෆೳ
    ୅ସՄೳ
    ঈؐՄೳ
    ୅ସෆೳ
    ঈؐՄೳ
    ୅ସෆೳ
    ঈؐෆೳ
    ূ໌͢Δ
    ಉఆ͢Δ
    ࢧ෷͍౳
    ࠷ॳͷԠ༻
    *%Χʔυ౳
    ηΩϡϦςΟ
    τʔΫϯ ূ݊
    ౳
    ηϯαʔ౳
    ෺ྲྀɾ
    Ҩݴॻ౳
    อݥਃ੥౳
    ௥੻͢Δ ײ஌͢Δ
    தԝۜߦ
    σδλϧ௨՟౳
    ҭ੒ήʔϜ౳
    ൿີ伴Λ࢖͑Δ͔Βຊਓʁ
    ෛ࠴ Ξηοτͷ
    ਺஋දݱΛҠసͰ͖Δʁ
    ొ࿥͞Εͨίʔυͱ
    ͦͷ࣮ߦϩάͱ݁Ռͷ
    ਅਖ਼ੑΛ୲อͰ͖Δʁ
    ݖҖ͕
    
    Կ͔ͷ಺༰Λূ໌͢Δʁ
    ࣋ଓ͢Δଘࡏʹ͍ͭͯ
    ه࿥ΛΞοϓσʔτՄʁ ओମ͕͍ͳ͘ͳͬͯ΋
    աڈͷσʔλ͸༗ޮʁ
    /'5
    Ұൠతͳ
    ೝࣝ
    ػೳͷ
    ෼ੳ݁Ռ
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.33/60
    

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34. Ethereum
    macOS (Monterey 12.6) + Homebrew
    Linux (Ubuntu 22.04) (x86/AMD64 and ARM)
    Windows 10/11 + Windows Subsystem for Linux (Ubuntu )
    Ethereum solidity brownie
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.34/60
    

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35. Solidity
    Ethereum ( )
    http://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installing-solidity.html
    Linux (on Windows) “sudo apt”, macOS “brew”
    Linux ARM
    git clone dependencies
    solc 0.8.16 (9/6 )
    $ solc --version
    brownie py-solc-x
    solc (dependencies) ( solc py-solc-x )
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.35/60
    

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36. Ganache CLI
    Ethereum RPC
    npm ( )
    macOS
    https://qiita.com/kyosuke5_20/items/c5f68fc9d89b84c0df09
    Linux
    https://qiita.com/seibe/items/36cef7df85fe2cefa3ea
    npm Ganache CLI
    $ sudo npm install -g ganache-cli
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.36/60
    

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37. Python3
    macOS
    $ brew install python3
    Python
    3.8
    Homebrew
    $ brew uninstall --ignore-dependencies python@3.9
    $ brew install python@3.8
    /usr/local/opt/python@3.8/bin/python3
    Linux
    $ sudo apt update
    $ sudo apt install python3.8 python3.8-dev python3.8-venv python3.8-tk
    16.10 python3(.8) apt (PPA )
    python3
    python3-dev python3-venv python3-tk
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.37/60
    

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38. macOS : . . .
    macOS wget brew
    dyld: Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/gettext/lib/libintl.8.dylib
    $ brew uninstall --force gettext
    $ brew install gettext
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.38/60
    

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39. Python (venv)
    macOS (Linux python3 ) ‘python3.8’ ‘python3’
    $ python3.8 -m venv bbc1env
    $ source bbc1env/bin/activate
    (bbc1env) $ pip install -U pip
    (bbc1env) $ pip install wheel
    bbc1env ( BBc-1 )
    ( )
    (bbc1env) $ deactivate
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.39/60
    

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40. Brownie
    Python Ethereum
    https://eth-brownie.readthedocs.io
    Brownie
    $ pip install eth-brownie
    version 1.19.1 (9/6 )
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.40/60
    

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41. $ brownie init
    ( ERC-20 )
    $ brownie bake token
    $ cd token
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.41/60
    

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42. contracts
    (macOS Linux (x86/AMD64) )
    $ brownie compile
    Linux (ARM) (AMD64 )
    $ python #
    >>> import solcx
    >>> solcx.compile_solc(’0.6.12’) #
    >>> quit()
    /tmp ∼/.solcx/solc-v0.6.12
    ( )
    $ pytest tests
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.42/60
    

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43. Brownie
    $ brownie console
    Python
    >>> len(accounts)
    10
    >>> accounts[0].balance()
    100000000000000000000
    >>> quit()
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.43/60
    

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44. Ethereum Görli
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.44/60
    

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45. infura.io Brownie
    https://infura.io SIGN UP PROJECT ID
    infura Ethereum API
    infura . . .
    infura.io
    PROJECT ID
    WEB3_INFURA_PROJECT_ID
    PROJECT ID (∼/.bash_profile )
    $ export WEB3_INFURA_PROJECT_ID= PROJECT ID
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.45/60
    

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46. G¨
    orli ETH
    brownie console Görli
    >>> network.disconnect()
    >>> network.connect(’goerli’)
    >>> len(accounts)
    0
    >>> accounts.add()
    
    >>> accounts[0].private_key
    16
    >>> quit()
    Görli Testnet ETH Faucet ETH
    https://goerlifaucet.com ( )
    ( )
    https://metamask.io/
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.46/60
    

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47. G¨
    orli ETH
    brownie console Görli ETH
    >>> network.disconnect()
    >>> network.connect(’goerli’)
    >>> len(accounts)
    0
    >>> accounts.add( 16 )
    
    >>> accounts[0].balace()
    ETH
    >>> quit()
    ETH
    >>> accounts[0].transfer(accounts[1], "0.01 ether")
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.47/60
    

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48. Ethereum
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.48/60
    

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49. Ethereum
    Vitalik Buterin, “Ethereum White Paper: A NEXT GENERATION SMART
    CONTRACT & DECENTRALIZED APPLICATION PLATFORM”
    12
    (= )
    =
    ⇒
    →
    Dapps ( / / )
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.49/60
    

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50. ( )
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.50/60
    

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51. . . .
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.51/60
    

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52. vs.
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.52/60
    

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53. = run
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.53/60
    

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54. Ether
    Ethereum
    EOA : Externally-Owned Account
    ( )
    Ether EVM
    EVM
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.54/60
    

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55. EVM : Ethereum Virtual Machine
    Gas ( EVM = ( burn))
    . . . B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.55/60
    

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56. EVM
    :
    : ←
    :
    Solidity — JavaScript
    LLL — Lisp
    Vyper — Python
    Fe — Vyper Rust ← NEW!
    Solidity
    Vyper Python
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.56/60
    

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57. Solidity ( )
    pragma solidityˆ0.7.0;
    contract IndivisibleAsset { /* */
    string public _name;
    string public _symbol;
    uint256 public _quantity;
    address public _owner;
    constructor(string memory name, string memory symbol, uint256 quantity) public {
    _name = name;
    _symbol = symbol;
    _quantity = quantity;
    _owner = msg.sender;
    }
    function transfer(address to) public returns (bool) {
    require (_owner == msg.sender);
    _owner = to;
    return true;
    }
    }
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.57/60
    

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58. ( , )
    (constructor)
    (deploy) =
    ( )
    ( )
    ETH
    Trusted Actor Model
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.58/60
    

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59. Ethereum
    B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.59/60
    

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60. B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.60/60
    

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