Overview of Blockchain and Installation

2022年10月24日(月)、慶應義塾大学大学院メディアデザイン研究科「サービスデザインプロジェクト B」2022秋で使用したスライドです。

Transcript

1. Service Design, generated by Stable Diffusion B 2022 2 ( ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.1/60
2. https://speakerdeck.com/ks91 ( ) ( ) Discord Discord ( / / ) Zoom URL ( ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.2/60
3. ( ) 1 10 17 • 2 10 24 • 3 10 31 4 11 7 2 5 11 14 1 6 11 21 2 7 11 28 8 12 5 Discord B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.3/60
4. – : : Ethereum ( ) ( ) Ethereum B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.4/60
5. – B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.5/60
6. ެ։୆ா ެ։Ͱͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ ʜ ຊਓ ɾૹۚه࿥ ɾίʔυ ɾσʔλͷมԽ ɾ࣮ߦϩά ݕӾͰ͖Δୈࡾऀ ͜Εɺ ه࿥͍ͨ͠Μ͚ͩͲ ͋ͳͨ͸ ॻ͍ͨΒμϝ ͜ͷ಺༰͸ ॻ͍ͨΒμϝ ॻ͍ͪΌͬͨͷʁ ͜͏ॻ͖׵͑·͠ΐ͏ ॻ͍ͯͳ͍ͷʁ ͜͏ॻ͔Εͨ͜ͱʹ ͠·͠ΐ͏ ॻ͍ͪΌͬͨͷʁ ফ͠·͠ΐ͏ %P4 ߈ܸͱ͔Ͱ ๦֐ͯ͠ࢭΊ·͠ΐ͏ B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.6/60
7. ( ) ( ) ( ) ↓ ( ( )) (BP : Blockchain Property ) BP-1 : ( ) BP-2 : ( ( ) ) BP-3 : ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.7/60
8. ( ) (LIFO : Last In, First Out) ( ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.8/60
9. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 16 ) SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm) ( ) 1bit B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.9/60
10. ( ) ( ) < , > ( ) ← : < , > : : < , , > : OK ( 1 ) NG ( ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.10/60
11. BP-1 ( ), BP-2 ( ) BBc-1 f : → BP-3 ( ) ( ) ( ) ← BP-2 ← BP-3 ( ) (BP-2 ) ( ) ← BP-3 (?) + ← BP-{1,2} B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.11/60
12. [Lamport 1984][Schneider 1990] (1) (2) (3) (4) ( ) ← ↑ B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.12/60
13. TX : transaction ( 4 TX ) SMRP (State Machine Replication Problem) SMRP-1 ( ) SMRP-2 : B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.13/60
14. ( ) ( ) ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ͍ͪ͹Μه࿥ɾॻ͖׵͑ͷίετ͕ߴ͍ྺ࢙ ࠷΋վ͟Μ͠ʹ͍͘ྺ࢙ ͕༗ޮ ͻͱͭखલͷϒϩοΫͷ ʮμΠδΣετʯ σδλϧॺ໊͞Εͨ ʮτϥϯβΫγϣϯ औҾ ʯ ϒϩοΫΛ࡞ΔͨΊʹ͸ɺͦͷʮμΠδΣετʯ͕͋Δ਺ҎԼͱ͍͏৚݅Λຬͨͨ͠Γ 1SPPG
    PG
    8PSL Ծ૝௨՟ͷ࣋ͪ෼ʹԠͨ͡ݖརΛ࢖ͬͨ౤ථͰউͬͨΓ 1SPPG
    PG
    4UBLF ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ ίετ͕͔͔Δ ϒϩοΫΛ࡞Δਓ͸ͦͷதʹࣗ෼ʹѼͯͨ Ծ૝௨՟ͰͷใुΛॻ͖ࠐΉ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ɺ ͦͷϒϩοΫ͕༗ޮͳྺ࢙ͷதʹ͋Δ৔߹ʹ ݶΓใु΋༗ޮͱͳΔ τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷଘࡏΛ֬ೝ͢Δ ͨΊͷޮ཰తͳํ๏͕ఏڙ͞ΕΔ ਖ਼౰ੑ ଘࡏੑ །Ұੑ Proof of Work ( ) . . . → B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.14/60
15. (BP-3 ) ( : ) (BP-3 ) ( : ) ← NFT BP-{1,2,3} BP-{1, 2} ⇒ B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.15/60
16. (Confidentiality) BP-{1,2,3} ↑ ( = ) (Integrity) BP-3 (Availability) BP-2 B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.16/60
17. 2009 ↑ 13 ( 5 ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.17/60
18. ( ) ADR (Active (space) Debris Removal) : https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSS.2018.2890655 (1930 ) ( ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.18/60
19. ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.19/60
20. ( ) ( - ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2019.05.019 B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.20/60
21. ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.21/60
22. ( ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.22/60
23. / ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.23/60
24. ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.24/60
25. ( ) : https://www.lij.jp/html/jli/jli_2017/ 2017summer_p018.pdf B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.25/60
26. ( ) ( ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.26/60
27. B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.27/60
28. with ( ) ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 ( ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.28/60
29. DNS : https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409 ( ) IP AS B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.29/60
30. ( ) ( ) : https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409 ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 (web ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.30/60
31. ( ) ( ) ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 ( ) ( ) ( ) : https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409 B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.31/60
32. ( ) ( ) : https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409 3D ( ) : HACCP ( ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.32/60
33. — τʔΫϯ ୅ସ՟ฎ εϚʔτίϯτϥΫτ ݕূՄೳͳঢ়ଶϚγϯ ϓϩϏφϯε དྷྺূ໌
    ୅ସՄೳ ঈؐෆೳ ୅ସՄೳ ঈؐՄೳ ୅ସෆೳ ঈؐՄೳ ୅ସෆೳ ঈؐෆೳ ূ໌͢Δ ಉఆ͢Δ ࢧ෷͍౳ ࠷ॳͷԠ༻ *%
    Χʔυ౳ ηΩϡϦςΟ τʔΫϯ ূ݊ ౳ ηϯαʔ౳ ෺ྲྀɾ Ҩݴॻ౳ อݥਃ੥౳ ௥੻͢Δ ײ஌͢Δ தԝۜߦ σδλϧ௨՟౳ ҭ੒ήʔϜ౳ ൿີ伴Λ࢖͑Δ͔Βຊਓʁ ෛ࠴  Ξηοτͷ ਺஋දݱΛҠసͰ͖Δʁ ొ࿥͞Εͨίʔυͱ ͦͷ࣮ߦϩάͱ݁Ռͷ ਅਖ਼ੑΛ୲อͰ͖Δʁ ݖҖ͕
    Կ͔ͷ಺༰Λূ໌͢Δʁ ࣋ଓ͢Δଘࡏʹ͍ͭͯ ه࿥ΛΞοϓσʔτՄʁ ओମ͕͍ͳ͘ͳͬͯ΋ աڈͷσʔλ͸༗ޮʁ /'5 Ұൠతͳ ೝࣝ ػೳͷ ෼ੳ݁Ռ B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.33/60
34. Ethereum macOS (Monterey 12.6) + Homebrew Linux (Ubuntu 22.04) (x86/AMD64 and ARM) Windows 10/11 + Windows Subsystem for Linux (Ubuntu ) Ethereum solidity brownie B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.34/60
35. Solidity Ethereum ( ) http://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installing-solidity.html Linux (on Windows) “sudo apt”, macOS “brew” Linux ARM git clone dependencies solc 0.8.16 (9/6 ) $ solc --version brownie py-solc-x solc (dependencies) ( solc py-solc-x ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.35/60
36. Ganache CLI Ethereum RPC npm ( ) macOS https://qiita.com/kyosuke5_20/items/c5f68fc9d89b84c0df09 Linux https://qiita.com/seibe/items/36cef7df85fe2cefa3ea npm Ganache CLI $ sudo npm install -g ganache-cli B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.36/60
37. Python3 macOS $ brew install python3 Python 3.8 Homebrew $ brew uninstall --ignore-dependencies python@3.9 $ brew install python@3.8 /usr/local/opt/python@3.8/bin/python3 Linux $ sudo apt update $ sudo apt install python3.8 python3.8-dev python3.8-venv python3.8-tk 16.10 python3(.8) apt (PPA ) python3 python3-dev python3-venv python3-tk B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.37/60
38. macOS : . . . macOS wget brew dyld: Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/gettext/lib/libintl.8.dylib $ brew uninstall --force gettext $ brew install gettext B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.38/60
39. Python (venv) macOS (Linux python3 ) ‘python3.8’ ‘python3’ $ python3.8 -m venv bbc1env $ source bbc1env/bin/activate (bbc1env) $ pip install -U pip (bbc1env) $ pip install wheel bbc1env ( BBc-1 ) ( ) (bbc1env) $ deactivate B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.39/60
40. Brownie Python Ethereum https://eth-brownie.readthedocs.io Brownie $ pip install eth-brownie version 1.19.1 (9/6 ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.40/60
41. $ brownie init ( ERC-20 ) $ brownie bake token $ cd token B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.41/60
42. contracts (macOS Linux (x86/AMD64) ) $ brownie compile Linux (ARM) (AMD64 ) $ python # >>> import solcx >>> solcx.compile_solc(’0.6.12’) # >>> quit() /tmp ∼/.solcx/solc-v0.6.12 ( ) $ pytest tests B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.42/60
43. Brownie $ brownie console Python >>> len(accounts) 10 >>> accounts[0].balance() 100000000000000000000 >>> quit() B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.43/60
44. Ethereum Görli B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.44/60
45. infura.io Brownie https://infura.io SIGN UP PROJECT ID infura Ethereum API infura . . . infura.io PROJECT ID WEB3_INFURA_PROJECT_ID PROJECT ID (∼/.bash_profile ) $ export WEB3_INFURA_PROJECT_ID= PROJECT ID B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.45/60
46. G¨ orli ETH brownie console Görli >>> network.disconnect() >>> network.connect(’goerli’) >>> len(accounts) 0 >>> accounts.add() <LocalAccount object ’ 16 ’> >>> accounts[0].private_key 16 >>> quit() Görli Testnet ETH Faucet ETH https://goerlifaucet.com ( ) ( ) https://metamask.io/ B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.46/60
47. G¨ orli ETH brownie console Görli ETH >>> network.disconnect() >>> network.connect(’goerli’) >>> len(accounts) 0 >>> accounts.add( 16 ) <LocalAccount object ’ 16 ’> >>> accounts[0].balace() ETH >>> quit() ETH >>> accounts[0].transfer(accounts[1], "0.01 ether") B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.47/60
48. Ethereum B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.48/60
49. Ethereum Vitalik Buterin, “Ethereum White Paper: A NEXT GENERATION SMART CONTRACT & DECENTRALIZED APPLICATION PLATFORM” 12 (= ) = ⇒ → Dapps ( / / ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.49/60
50. ( ) B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.50/60
51. . . . B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.51/60
52. vs. B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.52/60
53. = run B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.53/60
54. Ether Ethereum EOA : Externally-Owned Account ( ) Ether EVM EVM B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.54/60
55. EVM : Ethereum Virtual Machine Gas ( EVM = ( burn)) . . . B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.55/60
56. EVM : : ← : Solidity — JavaScript LLL — Lisp Vyper — Python Fe — Vyper Rust ← NEW! Solidity Vyper Python B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.56/60
57. Solidity ( ) pragma solidityˆ0.7.0; contract IndivisibleAsset { /* */ string public _name; string public _symbol; uint256 public _quantity; address public _owner; constructor(string memory name, string memory symbol, uint256 quantity) public { _name = name; _symbol = symbol; _quantity = quantity; _owner = msg.sender; } function transfer(address to) public returns (bool) { require (_owner == msg.sender); _owner = to; return true; } } B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.57/60
58. ( , ) (constructor) (deploy) = ( ) ( ) ETH Trusted Actor Model B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.58/60
59. Ethereum B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.59/60
60. B 2022 — 2 — 2022-10-24 – p.60/60