3Dプリンタで作る階差機関 / Build Difference Engine by 3D Printer

builderscon 2017 #builderscon #buildersconD

Transcript

1. 3DϓϦϯλͰ࡞Δ1 ࣍ݩηϧɾΦʔτϚ τϯɺ֊ࠩػؔɺΞ φϩάίϯϐϡʔλ @mackee_w a.k.a macopy 2017-08-05 builderscon 2017
2. ͢Έ·ͤΜ
3. 3DϓϦϯλͰ࡞Δ1 ࣍ݩηϧɾΦʔτϚ τϯɺ֊ࠩػؔɺΞ φϩάίϯϐϡʔλ @mackee_w a.k.a macopy 2017-08-04 builderscon 2017
4. 3DϓϦϯλͰ࡞Δ1 ࣍ݩηϧɾΦʔτϚ τϯɺ֊ࠩػؔɺΞ φϩάίϯϐϡʔλ @mackee_w a.k.a macopy 2017-08-04 builderscon 2017
5. macopy a.k.a @mackee_w
6. macopy a.k.a @mackee_w ࢓ࣄ: ໘ന๏ਓΧϠοΫ ιʔγϟϧήʔϜࣄۀ෦ ɹɹ αʔόαΠυϓϩάϥϚ ɹɹ Perl5, Go, etc… ࠷ۙ: εϓϥτΡʔϯ2, 3DϓϦϯλ OSS: kuiperbelt(WebSocketΛ͍͍ײ͡ʹ͞͹ ͍ͯ͘ΕΔ܅)
7. ͜ͷτʔΫͷओ୊ ↓ ֊ࠩػؔ ͱ 3DϓϦϯλ
8. Agenda 1. ֊ࠩػؔͱ͸ 1. ਺ֶతͳݪཧ 2. ػցతͳݪཧ 3. σϞ 2. 3DϓϦϯλʹΑΔ ֊ࠩػؔͷ੍࡞ 1. ઃܭ 2. ҹ࡮ 3. ·ͱΊ
9. 0. ಈػ
10. ཪςʔϚᶃ ࢲͱ3DϓϦϯλ2017
11. 3DϓϦϯλͱͷग़ձ͍ • YAPC::Asia 2015ʹͯυϩʔϯͷ࿩Λ͢Δ • ύʔπ࡞Δͷʹ࢖͑Δ͔ͬͳͱࢥͬͯ3Dϓ ϦϯλͷΩοτΛങ͏ • 1೥์ஔ -> YAP(achimon)C 2016Ͱ3DϓϦ ϯλΛ͏·͘ಈ͔͢ͷʹۤ࿑ͨ͠࿩Λ͢Δ
12. ձ৔ʹ3DϓϦϯλΛ࣋ͪࠐΜͰ࣮ԋ
13. 3DϓϦϯλൃలฤ • Y8 2017࠙਌ձʹͯ3DϓϦϯλ͋Ε͔Βͱ͍͏ ൃදΛߦ͏ • ͍Ζ͍Ζ஌ݟ͕ཷ·͖ͬͯͨͷͰ҆ఆ͔ͨ͠Β σϡΞϧϊζϧʹ௅ઓͯ͠ഁ໓ͨ͠Αͱ͍͏࿩ • ࠷ޙʹ͜ͷτʔΫΛԠื͢ΔύϑΥʔϚϯεΛ ߦ͏
14. σϡΞϧ͸͏·͍͔ͣ͘ቕΊ߹Θͤ
15. ͜͜ͰࢥͬͨΜͰ͢
16. ࠓ·Ͱ3DϓϦϯ λ࡞Δ͹͔ΓͰ ࢖ͬͯͳ͍ͷͰ ͸ʁʁʁʁʁ
17. ଞॴͷ͝ՈఉͰ͸࢖ͬͯসإ͕ੜ·Ε͍ͯΔ https://srdk.rakuten.jp/entry/2017/06/29/110000
18. Ұํ๻͸ϊζϧΛ٧·ΒͤͨΓͯ͠ ҰਓͰҰتҰ༕͢Δ͚ͩ
19. ͜ͷ··Ͱ͍͔Μʂ Կ͔Λ࡞Βͳ͚Ε͹
20. ձࣾSlackͷ#club-kosaku(޻࡞νϟϯωϧ͚ͩΕͲ ΄΅๻͕ಠΓݴΛݴ͏νϟϯωϧ)ͰͷҰນ
21. ̳͂́ʂʂʂʂʂ
22. 1. ֊ࠩػؔͱ͸
23. ֊ࠩػؔʢ͔͍͖͔͞Μɺ difference engineʣ·ͨ͸ࠩ෼ ػؔʢ͞ͿΜ͖͔Μʣ͸ɺྺ্࢙ ͷػցࣜ༻్ݻఆܭࢉػͰɺଟ߲ ࣜͷ਺දΛ࡞੒͢ΔΑ͏ઃܭ͞Ε ͨɻର਺΋ࡾ֯ؔ਺΋ଟ߲ࣜͰۙ ࣅͰ͖ΔͨΊɺͦͷΑ͏ͳϚγϯ ͸͔ͳΓͷ൚༻ੑ͕͋ͬͨɻ
24. ػցࣜݻఆ༻్ܭࢉػ
25. ͬ͘͟Γݴ͏ͱ ࣃंͷ͓Խ͚
26. ϩϯυϯͷത෺ؗʹ͋Δ֊ࠩػؔ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Babbage_Difference_Engine.jpg
27. ϩϯυϯͷത෺ؗʹ͋Δ֊ࠩػؔ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LondonScienceMuseumsReplicaDifferenceEngine.jpg
28. ֊ࠩػؔΛ3ߦͰ •ࣃंΛ͍ͬͺ͍࢖ͬͯ •଍͠ࢉ͚ͩΛ࢖ͬͯ •਺දΛ࡞Δ
29. 1.1 ਺ֶతͳݪཧ
30. y=x2Ͱ x=1~4ͷͱ͖ͷ஋Λ ܭࢉ͠·͠ΐ͏
31. දͰ͢ ZY Y Z        
32. yn - yn-1 Λܭࢉ͠·͢ ZY Y Z yn - yn-1            
33. yn - yn-1 Λܭࢉ͠·͢ ZY Y Z yn - yn-1             ͜ΕΛΔyn (ୈ1֊ࠩ਺ྻ) ͱݴ͍·͢
34. Δyn - Δyn-1 Λܭࢉ͠·͢ ZY Y Z Δyn Δyn - Δyn-1               
35. Δyn - Δyn-1 Λܭࢉ͠·͢ ZY Y Z Δyn Δyn - Δyn-1                ͜ΕΛΔ2yn (ୈ2֊ࠩ਺ྻ) ͱݴ͍·ɾɾɾ
36. ͪΐͬͱ଴ ͯʂʂʂʂʂ
37. શ෦2΍ͳ͍͔ʂʂʂ ZY Y Z Δyn Δyn - Δyn-1               
38. ٯʹߟ͑Δͱͭ·Γ • Δ2yn ʹ͋ͨΔʮԿ͔ʯ͸Ұఆͷ஋Λอ͍࣋ͯ͠Δ • ͦͷʮԿ͔ʯ͸Δyn ʹ͋ͨΔԿ͔ʹεςοϓ͝ͱʹՃࢉ ͢ΔɻՃࢉ͞ΕͨʮԿ͔ʯ͸εςοϓ͝ͱʹ஋ΛϦηο τ͠ͳ͍ • yn ʹ͋ͨΔʮԿ͔ʯʹΔyn ʹ͋ͨΔʮԿ͔ʯ͕࣋ͭ஋Λ εςοϓ͝ͱʹՃࢉ͢Δɻyn ʹ͋ͨΔԿ͔͸ಉ༷ʹϦ ηοτ͞Εͳ͍
39. ٯʹߟ͑Δͱͭ·Γ • Δ2yn ʹ͋ͨΔʮԿ͔ʯ͸Ұఆͷ஋Λอ͍࣋ͯ͠Δ • ͦͷʮԿ͔ʯ͸Δyn ʹ͋ͨΔԿ͔ʹεςοϓ͝ͱʹՃࢉ ͢ΔɻՃࢉ͞ΕͨʮԿ͔ʯ͸εςοϓ͝ͱʹ஋ΛϦηο τ͠ͳ͍ • yn ʹ͋ͨΔʮԿ͔ʯʹΔyn ʹ͋ͨΔʮԿ͔ʯ͕࣋ͭ஋Λ εςοϓ͝ͱʹՃࢉ͢Δɻyn ʹ͋ͨΔԿ͔͸ಉ༷ʹϦ ηοτ͞Εͳ͍ ͜ΕΛ܁Γฦ͢ͱ ೚ҙͷଟ߲ࣜͷ਺ྻ͕ಘΒΕΔ
40. ͨͩ͠ • n࣍ͷଟ߲ࣜ͸ୈn֊͔ࠩΒͷܭࢉ͕ඞཁ • ex. ࣍਺3ͷଟ߲ࣜʹ͸ୈ3֊͕ࠩඞཁ • ଟ߲ࣜҎ֎ͷؔ਺͸ܭࢉͰ͖ͳ͍ • ͨͩ͠ແݶඍ෼Մೳؔ਺(ࡾ֯ؔ਺, ର਺ؔ਺ͳͲ) ͸ςΠϥʔల։Λ༻͍ͯଟ߲ࣜʹ͢Δ͜ͱͰ೚ҙ ͷਫ਼౓ͷ਺ྻΛٻΊΔ͜ͱ͕ग़དྷΔ
41. 1.2 ػցతͳݪཧ
42. ઌఔͷʮԿ͔ʯͱ͸ࣃंͰ͢
43. ໊લͰ͢
44. ॳظঢ়ଶͰ͢
45. ΧϥϜ3͕ճͬͯΧϥϜ2ʹՃࢉ͞Ε·͢
46. ΧϥϜ2ͱΧϥϜ3ͷؒͷࣃं্͕͕Γ·͢ ΧϥϜ2ͱΧϥϜ1ͷؒͷࣃं͕Լ͕Γ·͢
47. ΧϥϜ2ͷ஋͕ΧϥϜ1ʹՃࢉ͞Ε·͢
48. ͱಉ࣌ʹΧϥϜ3͕΋ͱͷ஋ʹ໭Γ·͢
49. ΧϥϜ2ͷ஋Λ΋ͱʹ໭͠·͢
50. ͜ΕͰx=2ͷέʔε͕ܭࢉͰ͖·ͨ͠
51. ࠷ॳʹ໭ͬͯ܁Γฦ͠·͢
52. ࠷ॳʹ໭ͬͯ܁Γฦ͠·͢
53. ࠷ॳʹ໭ͬͯ܁Γฦ͠·͢
54. Կނ஋Λ͍֮͑ͯΒΕΔͷ͔ʁ
55. ࣃंͷதʹ͜͏͍͏΍͕ͭೖ͍ͬͯͯ
56. ·ͣӈͷ΍͕ͭճͬͯ0Λਖ਼໘ʹ͠·͢
57. ΧϥϜଆͷճ͢΍ͭΛ ͻ͔͔ͬΒͳ͍Α͏ʹ্͛ͯ΋ͱʹ໭͠·͢
58. ՃࢉϗΠʔϧͷߴ͞Λ্͛ͯ ࣍ͷΧϥϜ͕ճΒͳ͍Α͏ʹ͠·͢
59. ՃࢉଆϗΠʔϧΛճͯ͠ ΧϥϜଆΛݩͷҐஔʹ໭͠·͢
60. ݩͷঢ়ଶʹ໭͠·͢
61. ྫ͸Ճࢉ͢Δ஋͕ఆ਺Ͱ͕͢ લͷΧϥϜ͔ΒՃࢉ͞Εͯ΋ಈ ࡞͠·͢
62. Q: ͜ΕͩͱҰܻ͔͠ग़དྷͳ͘ ͳ͍ʁʁʁ
63. A: ͦɾɾɾͦΕ͸ɾɾɾ
64. ͜ͷग़ͬுΓ
65. ্ܻΓ • ্ܻΓ(9 -> 0)ʹ͢Δͱ͖ʹ͜ͷग़ͬுΓΛ ࢖ͬͯϨόʔΛԡ͢ػߏ͕͋Δ • Ϩόʔ͸͹ͶͰԡ͞Εͨঢ়ଶͰอ࣋͞Εͯ·ͨ ผͷϨόʔͰԡ͞Εͨ࣌ʹ্ͷܻΛ1͢͢ΊΔ • ࣃंͱ͔Ͱಉظతʹ΍Βͳ͍ͷ͸Ճࢉதͱ͔ ͩͱڰ͏ͷͰΩϟϦʔ఻೻ϑΣʔζ͕͋Δ
66. Q: ը૾͕ͳ͍͚ΕͲʁ
67. A: ͸͍ɾɾɾະ࣮૷Ͱ ͢ɻɻɻ
68. ͋ͱԡ্͛ͱ͔ϨόʔΛճ͢ ͱ͜Ζͱ͔΋ະ࣮૷Ͱ͢
69. DEMO
70. ͢Έ·ͤΜ
71. Chapter 2ʹଓ͘
72. 2. 3DϓϦϯλʹΑΔ ֊ࠩػؔͷ੡࡞
73. ઃܭํ਑1 • ࢖͍·ΘͤΔ΋ͷ͸࢖͏ • thingiverseʹϞσϧ͕͋Ε͹ͦΕΛ࢖͏ • શ෦3DϓϦϯλͰ΍Βͳ͍ • ࢢൢͷϝλϧύʔπ͸ਫ਼౓͕ඇৗʹྑ͍
74. ઃܭํ਑2 • νϟʔϧζɾόϕοδࢯͷઃܭΛ׬શ౿ऻ͠ ͳ͍ • ࢓૊Έ(ࣃंʹΑΔՃࢉ)͕͋ͬͯΕ͹OK
75. ઌߦࣄྫ(࢈ۀֵ໋ظ) • νϟʔϧζɾόϕοδࢯʹΑΔ੡࡞ • 1߸ػ(1830೥ʙ), 2߸ػ(ઃܭͷΈ, 1847 ೥ʙ) • γϡ΢πࢯ, ϰΣʔϕϦࢯʹΑΔ੡࡞(1853೥ ͳͲ)
76. ઌߦࣄྫ(ݱ୅) • ϩϯυϯɾαΠΤϯεϛϡʔδΞϜʹΑΔ੡࡞ • ઃܭ͸νϟʔϧζɾόϕοδࢯʹΑΔ΋ͷΛ౿ऻ • 1989೥͔Β੡࡞͞Ε1991೥ʹ׬੒ • 2000೥ʹόϕοδࢯઃܭͷϓϦϯλʔ΋׬੒ • όϕοδࢯ͸׬੒ͤ͞Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͔ͬͨͨΊɺ ϨϓϦΧͰ͸ͳ͍
77. ੑೳൺֱ ୈ֊ࠩػؔ ୈ֊ࠩػؔ ࠓճ੍࡞ͷ֊ ࠩػؔ ֊਺    ܻ਺   
78. Կނόϕοδࢯ͸ୈ2֊ࠩػ ؔΛ׬੒ͤ͞Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ ͔ͬͨͷ͔ʁ
79. ͍Ζ͍Ζઆ • ਫ਼౓͕଍Γͳ͍ ޻࡞ػց΋ݱ୅ͱ͸ܻҧ͍ʹ গͳ͍͠ػցࣗମͷਫ਼౓΋ग़͍ͯͳ͍ • ৬ਓͱͷ֬ࣥ • ࢿۚෆ଍
80. ͔͠͠ࠓͷੈͷதͳΒ ݸਓͰ΋੡࡞Ͱ͖Δ͔΋ʁ
81. ͦ͏ɺ3DϓϦϯλ͕͋Ε͹Ͷ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:3D_printer2.jpg
82. ͔ͭͯਤ໘௨ΓͷύʔπΛ࡞Δ ͷ͸೉͔ͬͨ͠ • جຊతʹ͸ۚଐՃ޻ • ટ൫, Ϙʔϧ൫, ༹઀, etc… ͲΕ΋ٕज़ͱ஌ࣝͱઐ ༻ͷಓ۩͕ඞཁ • ࣗ༝ܗঢ়ͷϓϥ͸Ճ޻͠΍͔͕ͬͨ͢ɺ޻৔Ͱͷେ ྔੜ࢈޲͖ɻݸਓͰ͸ϨδϯΩϟετͱݴ͏΋ͷ͕ ग़͖ͯͯɺ͞ΒʹόΩϡʔϜ੒ܕ͕ग़͖ͯͯɺ͞Β ʹ3DϓϦϯλ͕ग़͖ͯͨ
83. 3DϓϦϯλͷ͍͍ͱ͜Ζ ↓ ਤ໘௨Γͷ΋ͷ͕ ଴ͬͯΕ͹ग़ͯ͘Δ
84. ຊ౰ʹਤ໘௨Γͷ͕ग़ͯ͘Δ※ • ※ͨͩ͠3DϓϦϯλͷੑೳ͕ྑ͚Ε͹ • ੑೳ -> Ϟʔλʔਫ਼౓, ϊζϧܘͳͲ, ߏ଄ͷ ਫ਼౓ʹ΋ΑΔ • ͔͠͠զ͕Ոͷ3DϓϦϯλ͸֊ࠩػؔΛ࡞Δ ʹ͸͍͍ͩͨ໰୊͕ͳ͍Ά͍
85. thingiverseͰ Difference EngineΛݕࡧ
87. ͜ΕΛ࡮ͬͯΈͨ
88. ࡮ͬͯؾ͍ͮͨ
89. ͋ͬ
90. ଞʹ࡞͍ͬͯΔਓݟͳ͍͠ CAD͠ΐɻɻɻ
91. લ͸OpenSCAD࢖͍ͬͯ·͕ͨ͠
92. Fusion360࢖ͬͯ·͢
93. Fusion360 • AutodeskͷCAD • AutoCADͱҧͬͯΫϥ΢υඞਢ • झຯͱ͔ελʔτΞοϓͩͱແྉͰ࢖͑Δ • ී௨ͷ3D CAD(ී௨ͷ࢖ͬͨ͜ͱແ͍
94. ͱ͍͏Θ͚Ͱશ෦εΫϥονͰઃܭ͠·ͨ͠
95. 3DϓϦϯλͱ ϝλϧύʔπͷ࢖͍෼͚ • 3DϓϦϯλͷۤखͳ͜ͱ • Z࣠ํ޲ʹ௕͍ύʔπ͸ϒϨΔ • ಉ͡छྨͷύʔπΛ͍ͬͺ͍࡮Δͷ͸͕࣌ؒ ͔͔Δ • ຎࡲ͕͔͔Δύʔπ͸ۤख
96. ࢈ۀֵ໋ͷͱ͖ʹͳͯ͘ࠓ͋Δ΋ͷ ϕΞϦϯά
97. ࢈ۀֵ໋ͷ࣌ʹ͚͋ͬͨΕͲਫ਼౓͕ྑ͘ͳͬͨ΋ͷ γϟϑτ
98. ͪͳΈʹ࢈ۀֵ໋ͷͱ͖͸ϦϯΫػߏ͹͔ͬΓ
99. ϦϯΫ͸Α͘Θ͔Μͳ͔ͬͨ ͷͰ௚ಈΧϜػߏͰ৐Γ੾Δ
100. ௚ಈΧϜΛ࡞Δʹ͸ • ΧϜʹ௥ैͯ͠׈Β͔ʹ্Լ͢ΔͨΊʹϑΥ ϩϫʹϕΞϦϯά • ͳΊΒ͔ʹ௚ಈͤ͞ΔͨΊʹγϟϑτͱϦχ Ξϒογϡ • Ҏ্ϝλϧύʔπ͕ඞਢ
101. େྔʹϕΞϦϯάΛߪೖ
102. ͍͟ҹ࡮
103. ҹ࡮·Ͱͷաఔ 1. CADͰܗঢ়σʔλΛ࡞Δ -> STL • Fusion360Ͱ࡞੒ 2. STLΛ3DϓϦϯλ͕ಡΊΔ࠲ඪσʔλʹม׵͢ Δ -> gcode • Simplify3DͰม׵
104. STLΛಡΜͰ
105. gcodeσʔλʹม׵
106. ༥ղੵ૚ܕ3DϓϦϯλͷͭΒ͍ ͱ͜Ζ • ු͍͍ͯΔͱ͜Ζ͸ۤख • ͍ΘΏΔΦʔόʔϋϯάͱݺ͹ΕΔͱ͜Ζ • Լ͔ΒੵΜͰ͍͘લఏͳͷͰԼʹͳ͍΋ͳ͍ ු͍͍ͯΔͱ͜Ζ͸ۭதʹ༹͚ͨϓϥ͕ग़Δ • ղܾʹ͸αϙʔτࡐͳͲ͕ඞཁ
107. αϙʔτࡐग़ྗ
108. αϙʔτࡐऔΓআ͘ͷͭΒ͍
109. ྫ͑͹গʑͷΦʔόʔϋϯά ͸໨ΛͭΉΔ
110. ྫ͑͹ͻͬ͘Γฦ͢
111. ͜ΕͰ΋݁ߏ͖Ε͍ʹग़Δ
112. ྫ͑͹෼ׂ͢Δ
113. ͸ΊࠐΈ෦඼ • ύʔπΛ෼ׂ͢ΔͱԿΒ͔ͷํ๏Ͱ͸ΊࠐΈ Λ͠ͳ͍ͱ͍͚ͳ͍ • ؙͱ๮͸ͳΜ͔΄΅΄΅ೖΒͳ͍͔εΧεΧ • ͱ͍͏Θ͚Ͱผͷํ๏Λ࢖͏
114. ଟ֯ܗʹ͢Δ http://makezine.jp/blog/2015/09/tips-3d-printing-press-fit-parts.html
115. ࣮ફ
116. ͔͠͠ٯύλʔϯ(ଟ֯ܗʹؙಥͬࠐΉ)ͷ͸ 3DϓϦϯτύʔπ VS 3DϓϦϯτύʔπͩͱ ͏·͍͔͘ͳ͔ͬͨ
117. ଟ֯ܗʹϕΞϦϯά(ؙ)͸ ͍͚Δ
118. ͦΜͳΘ͚Ͱग़དྷ·ͨ͠
119. ಈ͍͍ͯΔ͔ͳʁ ʢຊ൪Ͱ͸ࣃंטΈ߹Θͳ͘ ͯͱ͔͍Ζ͍Ζ͋Γಈ͖·ͤ ΜͰͨ͠ʣ
120. ·ͱΊ
121. ཪςʔϚᶄ ࢈ۀֵ໋ظͷεύίϯΛ࡞Δ
122. ͳͥ࢈ۀֵ໋ظͷεύίϯΛݸ ਓͰ࡞ΕΔΑ͏ʹͳͬͨͷ͔ʁ • ࠶ݱੑͷߴ͍Ճ޻ػցͷଘࡏ • 3DϓϦϯλ, ϨʔβʔΧολʔ, CNC • ڧ౓ͷߴ͍ϓϥενοΫͷൃ໌ • ΠϯλʔωοτͰ஌ࣝΛ࢓ೖΕΔ • ֊ࠩػؔͷ࢓૊Έ͸YouTubeͰ֮͑ͨ
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