3Dプリンタで作る階差機関 / Build Difference Engine by 3D Printer

Transcript

1. 3DϓϦϯλͰ࡞Δ1 ࣍ݩηϧɾΦʔτϚ τϯɺ֊ࠩػؔɺΞ φϩάίϯϐϡʔλ @mackee_w a.k.a macopy 2017-08-05 builderscon 2017

2. ͢Έ·ͤΜ

3. 3DϓϦϯλͰ࡞Δ1 ࣍ݩηϧɾΦʔτϚ τϯɺ֊ࠩػؔɺΞ φϩάίϯϐϡʔλ @mackee_w a.k.a macopy 2017-08-04 builderscon 2017

4. 3DϓϦϯλͰ࡞Δ1 ࣍ݩηϧɾΦʔτϚ τϯɺ֊ࠩػؔɺΞ φϩάίϯϐϡʔλ @mackee_w a.k.a macopy 2017-08-04 builderscon 2017

5. macopy a.k.a @mackee_w

6. macopy a.k.a @mackee_w ࢓ࣄ: ໘ന๏ਓΧϠοΫ ιʔγϟϧήʔϜࣄۀ෦ ɹɹ αʔόαΠυϓϩάϥϚ ɹɹ Perl5,

   Go, etc… ࠷ۙ: εϓϥτΡʔϯ2, 3DϓϦϯλ OSS: kuiperbelt(WebSocketΛ͍͍ײ͡ʹ͞͹ ͍ͯ͘ΕΔ܅)

7. ͜ͷτʔΫͷओ୊ ↓ ֊ࠩػؔ ͱ 3DϓϦϯλ

8. Agenda 1. ֊ࠩػؔͱ͸ 1. ਺ֶతͳݪཧ 2. ػցతͳݪཧ 3. σϞ 2.

   3DϓϦϯλʹΑΔ ֊ࠩػؔͷ੍࡞ 1. ઃܭ 2. ҹ࡮ 3. ·ͱΊ

9. 0. ಈػ

10. ཪςʔϚᶃ ࢲͱ3DϓϦϯλ2017

11. 3DϓϦϯλͱͷग़ձ͍ • YAPC::Asia 2015ʹͯυϩʔϯͷ࿩Λ͢Δ • ύʔπ࡞Δͷʹ࢖͑Δ͔ͬͳͱࢥͬͯ3Dϓ ϦϯλͷΩοτΛങ͏ • 1೥์ஔ ->

    YAP(achimon)C 2016Ͱ3DϓϦ ϯλΛ͏·͘ಈ͔͢ͷʹۤ࿑ͨ͠࿩Λ͢Δ

12. ձ৔ʹ3DϓϦϯλΛ࣋ͪࠐΜͰ࣮ԋ

13. 3DϓϦϯλൃలฤ • Y8 2017࠙਌ձʹͯ3DϓϦϯλ͋Ε͔Βͱ͍͏ ൃදΛߦ͏ • ͍Ζ͍Ζ஌ݟ͕ཷ·͖ͬͯͨͷͰ҆ఆ͔ͨ͠Β σϡΞϧϊζϧʹ௅ઓͯ͠ഁ໓ͨ͠Αͱ͍͏࿩ • ࠷ޙʹ͜ͷτʔΫΛԠื͢ΔύϑΥʔϚϯεΛ

    ߦ͏

14. σϡΞϧ͸͏·͍͔ͣ͘ቕΊ߹Θͤ

15. ͜͜ͰࢥͬͨΜͰ͢

16. ࠓ·Ͱ3DϓϦϯ λ࡞Δ͹͔ΓͰ ࢖ͬͯͳ͍ͷͰ ͸ʁʁʁʁʁ

17. ଞॴͷ͝ՈఉͰ͸࢖ͬͯসإ͕ੜ·Ε͍ͯΔ https://srdk.rakuten.jp/entry/2017/06/29/110000

18. Ұํ๻͸ϊζϧΛ٧·ΒͤͨΓͯ͠ ҰਓͰҰتҰ༕͢Δ͚ͩ

19. ͜ͷ··Ͱ͍͔Μʂ Կ͔Λ࡞Βͳ͚Ε͹

20. ձࣾSlackͷ#club-kosaku(޻࡞νϟϯωϧ͚ͩΕͲ ΄΅๻͕ಠΓݴΛݴ͏νϟϯωϧ)ͰͷҰນ

21. ̳͂́ʂʂʂʂʂ

22. 1. ֊ࠩػؔͱ͸

23. ֊ࠩػؔʢ͔͍͖͔͞Μɺ difference engineʣ·ͨ͸ࠩ෼ ػؔʢ͞ͿΜ͖͔Μʣ͸ɺྺ্࢙ ͷػցࣜ༻్ݻఆܭࢉػͰɺଟ߲ ࣜͷ਺දΛ࡞੒͢ΔΑ͏ઃܭ͞Ε ͨɻର਺΋ࡾ֯ؔ਺΋ଟ߲ࣜͰۙ ࣅͰ͖ΔͨΊɺͦͷΑ͏ͳϚγϯ ͸͔ͳΓͷ൚༻ੑ͕͋ͬͨɻ

24. ػցࣜݻఆ༻్ܭࢉػ

25. ͬ͘͟Γݴ͏ͱ ࣃंͷ͓Խ͚

26. ϩϯυϯͷത෺ؗʹ͋Δ֊ࠩػؔ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Babbage_Difference_Engine.jpg

27. ϩϯυϯͷത෺ؗʹ͋Δ֊ࠩػؔ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LondonScienceMuseumsReplicaDifferenceEngine.jpg

28. ֊ࠩػؔΛ3ߦͰ •ࣃंΛ͍ͬͺ͍࢖ͬͯ •଍͠ࢉ͚ͩΛ࢖ͬͯ •਺දΛ࡞Δ

29. 1.1 ਺ֶతͳݪཧ

30. y=x2Ͱ x=1~4ͷͱ͖ͷ஋Λ ܭࢉ͠·͠ΐ͏

31. දͰ͢ ZY Y Z      

     

32. yn - yn-1 Λܭࢉ͠·͢ ZY Y Z yn - yn-1

               

33. yn - yn-1 Λܭࢉ͠·͢ ZY Y Z yn - yn-1

                ͜ΕΛΔyn (ୈ1֊ࠩ਺ྻ) ͱݴ͍·͢

34. Δyn - Δyn-1 Λܭࢉ͠·͢ ZY Y Z Δyn Δyn -

    Δyn-1               

35. Δyn - Δyn-1 Λܭࢉ͠·͢ ZY Y Z Δyn Δyn -

    Δyn-1                ͜ΕΛΔ2yn (ୈ2֊ࠩ਺ྻ) ͱݴ͍·ɾɾɾ

36. ͪΐͬͱ଴ ͯʂʂʂʂʂ

37. શ෦2΍ͳ͍͔ʂʂʂ ZY Y Z Δyn Δyn - Δyn-1  

                

38. ٯʹߟ͑Δͱͭ·Γ • Δ2yn ʹ͋ͨΔʮԿ͔ʯ͸Ұఆͷ஋Λอ͍࣋ͯ͠Δ • ͦͷʮԿ͔ʯ͸Δyn ʹ͋ͨΔԿ͔ʹεςοϓ͝ͱʹՃࢉ ͢ΔɻՃࢉ͞ΕͨʮԿ͔ʯ͸εςοϓ͝ͱʹ஋ΛϦηο τ͠ͳ͍ •

    yn ʹ͋ͨΔʮԿ͔ʯʹΔyn ʹ͋ͨΔʮԿ͔ʯ͕࣋ͭ஋Λ εςοϓ͝ͱʹՃࢉ͢Δɻyn ʹ͋ͨΔԿ͔͸ಉ༷ʹϦ ηοτ͞Εͳ͍

39. ٯʹߟ͑Δͱͭ·Γ • Δ2yn ʹ͋ͨΔʮԿ͔ʯ͸Ұఆͷ஋Λอ͍࣋ͯ͠Δ • ͦͷʮԿ͔ʯ͸Δyn ʹ͋ͨΔԿ͔ʹεςοϓ͝ͱʹՃࢉ ͢ΔɻՃࢉ͞ΕͨʮԿ͔ʯ͸εςοϓ͝ͱʹ஋ΛϦηο τ͠ͳ͍ •

    yn ʹ͋ͨΔʮԿ͔ʯʹΔyn ʹ͋ͨΔʮԿ͔ʯ͕࣋ͭ஋Λ εςοϓ͝ͱʹՃࢉ͢Δɻyn ʹ͋ͨΔԿ͔͸ಉ༷ʹϦ ηοτ͞Εͳ͍ ͜ΕΛ܁Γฦ͢ͱ ೚ҙͷଟ߲ࣜͷ਺ྻ͕ಘΒΕΔ

40. ͨͩ͠ • n࣍ͷଟ߲ࣜ͸ୈn֊͔ࠩΒͷܭࢉ͕ඞཁ • ex. ࣍਺3ͷଟ߲ࣜʹ͸ୈ3֊͕ࠩඞཁ • ଟ߲ࣜҎ֎ͷؔ਺͸ܭࢉͰ͖ͳ͍ • ͨͩ͠ແݶඍ෼Մೳؔ਺(ࡾ֯ؔ਺,

    ର਺ؔ਺ͳͲ) ͸ςΠϥʔల։Λ༻͍ͯଟ߲ࣜʹ͢Δ͜ͱͰ೚ҙ ͷਫ਼౓ͷ਺ྻΛٻΊΔ͜ͱ͕ग़དྷΔ

41. 1.2 ػցతͳݪཧ

42. ઌఔͷʮԿ͔ʯͱ͸ࣃंͰ͢

43. ໊લͰ͢

44. ॳظঢ়ଶͰ͢

45. ΧϥϜ3͕ճͬͯΧϥϜ2ʹՃࢉ͞Ε·͢

46. ΧϥϜ2ͱΧϥϜ3ͷؒͷࣃं্͕͕Γ·͢ ΧϥϜ2ͱΧϥϜ1ͷؒͷࣃं͕Լ͕Γ·͢

47. ΧϥϜ2ͷ஋͕ΧϥϜ1ʹՃࢉ͞Ε·͢

48. ͱಉ࣌ʹΧϥϜ3͕΋ͱͷ஋ʹ໭Γ·͢

49. ΧϥϜ2ͷ஋Λ΋ͱʹ໭͠·͢

50. ͜ΕͰx=2ͷέʔε͕ܭࢉͰ͖·ͨ͠

51. ࠷ॳʹ໭ͬͯ܁Γฦ͠·͢

52. ࠷ॳʹ໭ͬͯ܁Γฦ͠·͢

53. ࠷ॳʹ໭ͬͯ܁Γฦ͠·͢

54. Կނ஋Λ͍֮͑ͯΒΕΔͷ͔ʁ

55. ࣃंͷதʹ͜͏͍͏΍͕ͭೖ͍ͬͯͯ

56. ·ͣӈͷ΍͕ͭճͬͯ0Λਖ਼໘ʹ͠·͢

57. ΧϥϜଆͷճ͢΍ͭΛ ͻ͔͔ͬΒͳ͍Α͏ʹ্͛ͯ΋ͱʹ໭͠·͢

58. ՃࢉϗΠʔϧͷߴ͞Λ্͛ͯ ࣍ͷΧϥϜ͕ճΒͳ͍Α͏ʹ͠·͢

59. ՃࢉଆϗΠʔϧΛճͯ͠ ΧϥϜଆΛݩͷҐஔʹ໭͠·͢

60. ݩͷঢ়ଶʹ໭͠·͢

61. ྫ͸Ճࢉ͢Δ஋͕ఆ਺Ͱ͕͢ લͷΧϥϜ͔ΒՃࢉ͞Εͯ΋ಈ ࡞͠·͢

62. Q: ͜ΕͩͱҰܻ͔͠ग़དྷͳ͘ ͳ͍ʁʁʁ

63. A: ͦɾɾɾͦΕ͸ɾɾɾ

64. ͜ͷग़ͬுΓ

65. ্ܻΓ • ্ܻΓ(9 -> 0)ʹ͢Δͱ͖ʹ͜ͷग़ͬுΓΛ ࢖ͬͯϨόʔΛԡ͢ػߏ͕͋Δ • Ϩόʔ͸͹ͶͰԡ͞Εͨঢ়ଶͰอ࣋͞Εͯ·ͨ ผͷϨόʔͰԡ͞Εͨ࣌ʹ্ͷܻΛ1͢͢ΊΔ •

    ࣃंͱ͔Ͱಉظతʹ΍Βͳ͍ͷ͸Ճࢉதͱ͔ ͩͱڰ͏ͷͰΩϟϦʔ఻೻ϑΣʔζ͕͋Δ

66. Q: ը૾͕ͳ͍͚ΕͲʁ

67. A: ͸͍ɾɾɾະ࣮૷Ͱ ͢ɻɻɻ

68. ͋ͱԡ্͛ͱ͔ϨόʔΛճ͢ ͱ͜Ζͱ͔΋ະ࣮૷Ͱ͢

69. DEMO

70. ͢Έ·ͤΜ

71. Chapter 2ʹଓ͘

72. 2. 3DϓϦϯλʹΑΔ ֊ࠩػؔͷ੡࡞

73. ઃܭํ਑1 • ࢖͍·ΘͤΔ΋ͷ͸࢖͏ • thingiverseʹϞσϧ͕͋Ε͹ͦΕΛ࢖͏ • શ෦3DϓϦϯλͰ΍Βͳ͍ • ࢢൢͷϝλϧύʔπ͸ਫ਼౓͕ඇৗʹྑ͍

74. ઃܭํ਑2 • νϟʔϧζɾόϕοδࢯͷઃܭΛ׬શ౿ऻ͠ ͳ͍ • ࢓૊Έ(ࣃंʹΑΔՃࢉ)͕͋ͬͯΕ͹OK

75. ઌߦࣄྫ(࢈ۀֵ໋ظ) • νϟʔϧζɾόϕοδࢯʹΑΔ੡࡞ • 1߸ػ(1830೥ʙ), 2߸ػ(ઃܭͷΈ, 1847 ೥ʙ) • γϡ΢πࢯ,

    ϰΣʔϕϦࢯʹΑΔ੡࡞(1853೥ ͳͲ)

76. ઌߦࣄྫ(ݱ୅) • ϩϯυϯɾαΠΤϯεϛϡʔδΞϜʹΑΔ੡࡞ • ઃܭ͸νϟʔϧζɾόϕοδࢯʹΑΔ΋ͷΛ౿ऻ • 1989೥͔Β੡࡞͞Ε1991೥ʹ׬੒ • 2000೥ʹόϕοδࢯઃܭͷϓϦϯλʔ΋׬੒ •

    όϕοδࢯ͸׬੒ͤ͞Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͔ͬͨͨΊɺ ϨϓϦΧͰ͸ͳ͍

77. ੑೳൺֱ ୈ֊ࠩػؔ ୈ֊ࠩػؔ ࠓճ੍࡞ͷ֊ ࠩػؔ ֊਺    ܻ਺

      

78. Կނόϕοδࢯ͸ୈ2֊ࠩػ ؔΛ׬੒ͤ͞Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ ͔ͬͨͷ͔ʁ

79. ͍Ζ͍Ζઆ • ਫ਼౓͕଍Γͳ͍ ޻࡞ػց΋ݱ୅ͱ͸ܻҧ͍ʹ গͳ͍͠ػցࣗମͷਫ਼౓΋ग़͍ͯͳ͍ • ৬ਓͱͷ֬ࣥ • ࢿۚෆ଍

80. ͔͠͠ࠓͷੈͷதͳΒ ݸਓͰ΋੡࡞Ͱ͖Δ͔΋ʁ

81. ͦ͏ɺ3DϓϦϯλ͕͋Ε͹Ͷ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:3D_printer2.jpg

82. ͔ͭͯਤ໘௨ΓͷύʔπΛ࡞Δ ͷ͸೉͔ͬͨ͠ • جຊతʹ͸ۚଐՃ޻ • ટ൫, Ϙʔϧ൫, ༹઀, etc… ͲΕ΋ٕज़ͱ஌ࣝͱઐ

    ༻ͷಓ۩͕ඞཁ • ࣗ༝ܗঢ়ͷϓϥ͸Ճ޻͠΍͔͕ͬͨ͢ɺ޻৔Ͱͷେ ྔੜ࢈޲͖ɻݸਓͰ͸ϨδϯΩϟετͱݴ͏΋ͷ͕ ग़͖ͯͯɺ͞ΒʹόΩϡʔϜ੒ܕ͕ग़͖ͯͯɺ͞Β ʹ3DϓϦϯλ͕ग़͖ͯͨ

83. 3DϓϦϯλͷ͍͍ͱ͜Ζ ↓ ਤ໘௨Γͷ΋ͷ͕ ଴ͬͯΕ͹ग़ͯ͘Δ

84. ຊ౰ʹਤ໘௨Γͷ͕ग़ͯ͘Δ※ • ※ͨͩ͠3DϓϦϯλͷੑೳ͕ྑ͚Ε͹ • ੑೳ -> Ϟʔλʔਫ਼౓, ϊζϧܘͳͲ, ߏ଄ͷ ਫ਼౓ʹ΋ΑΔ

    • ͔͠͠զ͕Ոͷ3DϓϦϯλ͸֊ࠩػؔΛ࡞Δ ʹ͸͍͍ͩͨ໰୊͕ͳ͍Ά͍

85. thingiverseͰ Difference EngineΛݕࡧ

86. None

87. ͜ΕΛ࡮ͬͯΈͨ

88. ࡮ͬͯؾ͍ͮͨ

89. ͋ͬ

90. ଞʹ࡞͍ͬͯΔਓݟͳ͍͠ CAD͠ΐɻɻɻ

91. લ͸OpenSCAD࢖͍ͬͯ·͕ͨ͠

92. Fusion360࢖ͬͯ·͢

93. Fusion360 • AutodeskͷCAD • AutoCADͱҧͬͯΫϥ΢υඞਢ • झຯͱ͔ελʔτΞοϓͩͱແྉͰ࢖͑Δ • ී௨ͷ3D CAD(ී௨ͷ࢖ͬͨ͜ͱແ͍

94. ͱ͍͏Θ͚Ͱશ෦εΫϥονͰઃܭ͠·ͨ͠

95. 3DϓϦϯλͱ ϝλϧύʔπͷ࢖͍෼͚ • 3DϓϦϯλͷۤखͳ͜ͱ • Z࣠ํ޲ʹ௕͍ύʔπ͸ϒϨΔ • ಉ͡छྨͷύʔπΛ͍ͬͺ͍࡮Δͷ͸͕࣌ؒ ͔͔Δ •

    ຎࡲ͕͔͔Δύʔπ͸ۤख

96. ࢈ۀֵ໋ͷͱ͖ʹͳͯ͘ࠓ͋Δ΋ͷ ϕΞϦϯά

97. ࢈ۀֵ໋ͷ࣌ʹ͚͋ͬͨΕͲਫ਼౓͕ྑ͘ͳͬͨ΋ͷ γϟϑτ

98. ͪͳΈʹ࢈ۀֵ໋ͷͱ͖͸ϦϯΫػߏ͹͔ͬΓ

99. ϦϯΫ͸Α͘Θ͔Μͳ͔ͬͨ ͷͰ௚ಈΧϜػߏͰ৐Γ੾Δ

100. ௚ಈΧϜΛ࡞Δʹ͸ • ΧϜʹ௥ैͯ͠׈Β͔ʹ্Լ͢ΔͨΊʹϑΥ ϩϫʹϕΞϦϯά • ͳΊΒ͔ʹ௚ಈͤ͞ΔͨΊʹγϟϑτͱϦχ Ξϒογϡ • Ҏ্ϝλϧύʔπ͕ඞਢ

101. େྔʹϕΞϦϯάΛߪೖ

102. ͍͟ҹ࡮

103. ҹ࡮·Ͱͷաఔ 1. CADͰܗঢ়σʔλΛ࡞Δ -> STL • Fusion360Ͱ࡞੒ 2. STLΛ3DϓϦϯλ͕ಡΊΔ࠲ඪσʔλʹม׵͢ Δ

     -> gcode • Simplify3DͰม׵

104. STLΛಡΜͰ

105. gcodeσʔλʹม׵

106. ༥ղੵ૚ܕ3DϓϦϯλͷͭΒ͍ ͱ͜Ζ • ු͍͍ͯΔͱ͜Ζ͸ۤख • ͍ΘΏΔΦʔόʔϋϯάͱݺ͹ΕΔͱ͜Ζ • Լ͔ΒੵΜͰ͍͘લఏͳͷͰԼʹͳ͍΋ͳ͍ ු͍͍ͯΔͱ͜Ζ͸ۭதʹ༹͚ͨϓϥ͕ग़Δ •

     ղܾʹ͸αϙʔτࡐͳͲ͕ඞཁ

107. αϙʔτࡐग़ྗ

108. αϙʔτࡐऔΓআ͘ͷͭΒ͍

109. ྫ͑͹গʑͷΦʔόʔϋϯά ͸໨ΛͭΉΔ

110. ྫ͑͹ͻͬ͘Γฦ͢

111. ͜ΕͰ΋݁ߏ͖Ε͍ʹग़Δ

112. ྫ͑͹෼ׂ͢Δ

113. ͸ΊࠐΈ෦඼ • ύʔπΛ෼ׂ͢ΔͱԿΒ͔ͷํ๏Ͱ͸ΊࠐΈ Λ͠ͳ͍ͱ͍͚ͳ͍ • ؙͱ๮͸ͳΜ͔΄΅΄΅ೖΒͳ͍͔εΧεΧ • ͱ͍͏Θ͚Ͱผͷํ๏Λ࢖͏

114. ଟ֯ܗʹ͢Δ http://makezine.jp/blog/2015/09/tips-3d-printing-press-fit-parts.html

115. ࣮ફ

116. ͔͠͠ٯύλʔϯ(ଟ֯ܗʹؙಥͬࠐΉ)ͷ͸ 3DϓϦϯτύʔπ VS 3DϓϦϯτύʔπͩͱ ͏·͍͔͘ͳ͔ͬͨ

117. ଟ֯ܗʹϕΞϦϯά(ؙ)͸ ͍͚Δ

118. ͦΜͳΘ͚Ͱग़དྷ·ͨ͠

119. ಈ͍͍ͯΔ͔ͳʁ ʢຊ൪Ͱ͸ࣃंטΈ߹Θͳ͘ ͯͱ͔͍Ζ͍Ζ͋Γಈ͖·ͤ ΜͰͨ͠ʣ

120. ·ͱΊ

121. ཪςʔϚᶄ ࢈ۀֵ໋ظͷεύίϯΛ࡞Δ

122. ͳͥ࢈ۀֵ໋ظͷεύίϯΛݸ ਓͰ࡞ΕΔΑ͏ʹͳͬͨͷ͔ʁ • ࠶ݱੑͷߴ͍Ճ޻ػցͷଘࡏ • 3DϓϦϯλ, ϨʔβʔΧολʔ, CNC • ڧ౓ͷߴ͍ϓϥενοΫͷൃ໌

     • ΠϯλʔωοτͰ஌ࣝΛ࢓ೖΕΔ • ֊ࠩػؔͷ࢓૊Έ͸YouTubeͰ֮͑ͨ

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