Serhii Bykov: Programming for 1980's computers in 2020

1. Programming for 1980's computers in 2020 1 Serhii Bykov Cocoa Engineer, Setapp
2. November, 2019 2
3. Realism about hacking • Hardware and physical tools • Software • Social engineering 3
4. S4E11- Scene 4
5. S4E11 - Splash screen 5
6. S4E11 - Level 6
7. eXit have counterpart IRL too 7 https://www.whoismrrobot.com/exit/
8. Is this fabricated? 8
9. Website and TV show comparison Apple //e application wanna-be (Mr. Robot S4E11) Web-version of application (http://whoismrrobot.com/exit/) 9
10. Apple //e boot and TV show comparison Apple //e application wanna-be (Mr. Robot S4E11) Apple //e boot sequence video from user `Neon Onion` (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7FAveqrhjs) 10
11. You’re busted, Sam 11
12. Can I possible recreate same program from TV show for Apple //e? 12
13. R&D • Emulators • OS’es • Programming languages 13
14. Emulators • microM8 • Apple ][js • Virtual ][ • Octalyzer • Sweet16 • KEGS • JACE • OpenEmulator 14
15. Emulators • microM8 • Apple ][js • Virtual ][ • Octalyzer • Sweet16 • KEGS • JACE • OpenEmulator 15
16. microM8 • Free • Cross-platform • Custom shell over emulation w/ internet bridge (useful for development) • Multiple devices for emulation (Apple ][, Apple ][+, Apple //e) • A lot of demo apps 16
17. Operating Systems 17
18. Operating Systems • Apple DOS • Apple SOS • Apple ProDOS 18
19. Apple DOS DOS - Disk Operating System 19
20. Apple SOS SOS - Sophisticated Operating System 20
21. Apple ProDOS ProDOS - Professional Disk Operating System 21
22. ProDOS - 30+ years of support 22
23. Programming languages 23
24. List of programming languages • Basic • Fortran • Pascal • C • ASM • Other 24
25. Actual list of programming languages • Applesoft Basic, Apple Integer Basic, MD Basic • Apple Fortran • Apple Pascal, UCSD Pascal, Orca (ByteWorks) Pascal, Kyan Pascal • Aztec C, Orca/C • ASM • Terrapin Logo, Apple Logo 25
26. Built-in programming languages • Applesoft Basic, Apple Integer Basic, MD Basic • Apple Fortran • Apple Pascal, UCSD Pascal, Orca (ByteWorks) Pascal, Kyan Pascal • Aztec C, Orca/C • ASM • Terrapin Logo, Apple Logo 26
27. Applesoft BASIC 27
28. Coding 28
29. Game structure 29
30. Splash screen 30
31. Level Structure 31 Question Image Text prompt
32. Level Structure 32 Question Image Wrong answer output
33. Final Screen 33
35. Documentation - ProgrammingBasics 35 https://apple2.org.za
36. Documentation - Image Loading 36 http://www.appleoldies.ca
37. Apple - Technical Notes 37
38. Applesoft BASIC 38
39. Printing messages 1 PRINT "HELLO, FRIEND" 39
40. Asking input 40 1 INPUT A$
41. Working with conditions 41 10 INPUT A$ 20 IF A$ = "TRUE" THEN GOTO 30 21 IF A$ >< "TRUE" THEN GOTO 40 30 PRINT "A IS `TRUE`" : GOTO 50 40 PRINT "A IS NOT `TRUE`" 50 PRINT "FINISH"
42. Loading Images 42 10 HGR 20 D$=CHR$(4) 30 PRINT D$;"BLOAD IMG.HGR"
43. tohgr 43 http://wsxyz.net/tohgr.html
44. Sleep function 44 1010 POKE 768,169: POKE 770,76 1020 POKE 771,168: POKE 772,252 1025 LET A = 256 1040 IF A < 1 OR A > 256 THEN 30 1050 POKE 769,(A < 256) * A 1060 LET C = (26 + 27 * A + 5 * A ^ 2) / 2 1095 CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: 1096 CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: 1100 RETURN
45. Sample Code 340 HOME:HGR:D$=CHR$(4):PRINT D$;"BLOAD img6.HGR” 350 VTAB 21:PRINT "In the water you see a boat. What do you do?":INPUT "> “;A$ 360 IF A$ = "Get on the boat" THEN GOTO 390 370 PRINT "" : PRINT "> ";A$;"" : PRINT "You can't do that here" 375 GOSUB 1000 380 GOTO 340 45
46. Sample Code - Splitted 340 HOME:HGR:D$=CHR$(4):PRINT D$;"BLOAD img6.HGR” 350 VTAB 21:PRINT "In the water you see a boat. What do you do?":INPUT "> “;A$ 360 IF A$ = "Get on the boat" THEN GOTO 390 370 PRINT "" : PRINT "> ";A$;"" : PRINT "You can't do that here" 375 GOSUB 1000 380 GOTO 340 46
47. Loading Image 340 HOME:HGR:D$=CHR$(4):PRINT D$;"BLOAD img6.HGR" • HOME - clears the text screen • HGR - clears the HGR page • Image loading magic 47
48. Printing message and asking for input 350 VTAB 21:PRINT "In the water you see a boat. What do you do?":INPUT "> ";A$ • VTAB 21 - put text on 21 row • PRINT - text • INPUT - write input to variable $A 48
49. Handling input • Condition on variable `A` • If condition is true • Perform GOTO (to next question) 49 360 IF A$ = "Get on the boat" THEN GOTO 390 370 PRINT "" : PRINT "> ";A$;"" : PRINT "You can't do that here" 375 GOSUB 1000 380 GOTO 340
50. Handling input 360 IF A$ = "Get on the boat" THEN GOTO 390 370 PRINT "" : PRINT "> ";A$;"" : PRINT "You can't do that here" 375 GOSUB 1000 380 GOTO 340 • Condition on variable `A` • If condition is false • Perform print operations • GOSUB - go subroutine on row 1000 (sleep function) • GOTO - go to row 340 (ask question again) 50
51. Actual footage from quest 51
52. Disk Image 52
53. AppleCommander 53 https://applecommander.github.io
54. AppleCommander - Used Commands 54 ➜ ~ applecommander --help AppleCommander command line options [1.6.0]: -p <imagename> <filename> <type> [[$|0x]<addr>] put stdin -n <imagename> <volname> change volume name (ProDOS or Pascal). -pro140 <imagename> <volname> create a 140K ProDOS image. -bas <imagename> <filename> import an AppleSoft basic file from text back to its tokenized format.
55. Build script cp ${empty_disk_path} ${result_disk_path} applecommander -n ${result_disk_path} "eXit" src=("STARTUP" "SPLASH" "EXIT") for i in "${src[@]}" do cat ${src_path}/${i}.bas | applecommander -bas ${result_disk_path} ${i} done images=("img0" "img1" "img2" "img3" "img4" "img5" "img6" "img7" "img8") for i in "${images[@]}" do ${bin_path}/tohgr ${images_path}/${i}_280x192.png &>/dev/null mv ${images_path}/${i}_280x192.hgr ${images_path}/${i}.hgr rm ${images_path}/${i}_280x192_hgr.png applecommander -p ${result_disk_path} ${i}.HGR BIN 0x2000 < ${images_path}/${i}.HGR; rm -rf ${images_path}/${i}.hgr done 55
56. Build script cp ${empty_disk_path} ${result_disk_path} applecommander -n ${result_disk_path} "eXit" src=("STARTUP" "SPLASH" "EXIT") for i in "${src[@]}" do cat ${src_path}/${i}.bas | applecommander -bas ${result_disk_path} ${i} done images=("img0" "img1" "img2" "img3" "img4" "img5" "img6" "img7" "img8") for i in "${images[@]}" do ${bin_path}/tohgr ${images_path}/${i}_280x192.png &>/dev/null mv ${images_path}/${i}_280x192.hgr ${images_path}/${i}.hgr rm ${images_path}/${i}_280x192_hgr.png applecommander -p ${result_disk_path} ${i}.HGR BIN 0x2000 < ${images_path}/${i}.HGR; rm -rf ${images_path}/${i}.hgr done 56
57. Build script cp ${empty_disk_path} ${result_disk_path} applecommander -n ${result_disk_path} "eXit" src=("STARTUP" "SPLASH" "EXIT") for i in "${src[@]}" do cat ${src_path}/${i}.bas | applecommander -bas ${result_disk_path} ${i} done images=("img0" "img1" "img2" "img3" "img4" "img5" "img6" "img7" "img8") for i in "${images[@]}" do ${bin_path}/tohgr ${images_path}/${i}_280x192.png &>/dev/null mv ${images_path}/${i}_280x192.hgr ${images_path}/${i}.hgr rm ${images_path}/${i}_280x192_hgr.png applecommander -p ${result_disk_path} ${i}.HGR BIN 0x2000 < ${images_path}/${i}.HGR; rm -rf ${images_path}/${i}.hgr done 57
58. Build script cp ${empty_disk_path} ${result_disk_path} applecommander -n ${result_disk_path} "eXit" src=("STARTUP" "SPLASH" "EXIT") for i in "${src[@]}" do cat ${src_path}/${i}.bas | applecommander -bas ${result_disk_path} ${i} done images=("img0" "img1" "img2" "img3" "img4" "img5" "img6" "img7" "img8") for i in "${images[@]}" do ${bin_path}/tohgr ${images_path}/${i}_280x192.png &>/dev/null mv ${images_path}/${i}_280x192.hgr ${images_path}/${i}.hgr rm ${images_path}/${i}_280x192_hgr.png applecommander -p ${result_disk_path} ${i}.HGR BIN 0x2000 < ${images_path}/${i}.HGR; rm -rf ${images_path}/${i}.hgr done 58
59. Build script cp ${empty_disk_path} ${result_disk_path} applecommander -n ${result_disk_path} "eXit" src=("STARTUP" "SPLASH" "EXIT") for i in "${src[@]}" do cat ${src_path}/${i}.bas | applecommander -bas ${result_disk_path} ${i} done images=("img0" "img1" "img2" "img3" "img4" "img5" "img6" "img7" "img8") for i in "${images[@]}" do ${bin_path}/tohgr ${images_path}/${i}_280x192.png &>/dev/null mv ${images_path}/${i}_280x192.hgr ${images_path}/${i}.hgr rm ${images_path}/${i}_280x192_hgr.png applecommander -p ${result_disk_path} ${i}.HGR BIN 0x2000 < ${images_path}/${i}.HGR; rm -rf ${images_path}/${i}.hgr done 59
60. Build script cp ${empty_disk_path} ${result_disk_path} applecommander -n ${result_disk_path} "eXit" src=("STARTUP" "SPLASH" "EXIT") for i in "${src[@]}" do cat ${src_path}/${i}.bas | applecommander -bas ${result_disk_path} ${i} done images=("img0" "img1" "img2" "img3" "img4" "img5" "img6" "img7" "img8") for i in "${images[@]}" do ${bin_path}/tohgr ${images_path}/${i}_280x192.png &>/dev/null mv ${images_path}/${i}_280x192.hgr ${images_path}/${i}.hgr rm ${images_path}/${i}_280x192_hgr.png applecommander -p ${result_disk_path} ${i}.HGR BIN 0x2000 < ${images_path}/${i}.HGR; rm -rf ${images_path}/${i}.hgr done 60
61. Build script cp ${empty_disk_path} ${result_disk_path} applecommander -n ${result_disk_path} "eXit" src=("STARTUP" "SPLASH" "EXIT") for i in "${src[@]}" do cat ${src_path}/${i}.bas | applecommander -bas ${result_disk_path} ${i} done images=("img0" "img1" "img2" "img3" "img4" "img5" "img6" "img7" "img8") for i in "${images[@]}" do ${bin_path}/tohgr ${images_path}/${i}_280x192.png &>/dev/null mv ${images_path}/${i}_280x192.hgr ${images_path}/${i}.hgr rm ${images_path}/${i}_280x192_hgr.png applecommander -p ${result_disk_path} ${i}.HGR BIN 0x2000 < ${images_path}/${i}.HGR; rm -rf ${images_path}/${i}.hgr done 61
62. March, 2020 62
63. 63 November, 2020
64. Apple //e • Pros • Exact machine as used in TV series • Working machine in our museum • Cons • No internal floppy drive (cannot run program without floppy drive) 64
65. Apple IIc • Pros • Internal floppy drive • Cons • Not working 65
66. Apple III • Pros • Working machine available in museum (oldest device in our museum - 1980) • Floppy drive • Cons • Not same machine as used in Mr. Robot 66
67. Connect old computer 67 https://adtpro.com
68. Apple III - Rear Panel 68
69. Apple III - Connectors DB-25 to DE-9 connector 69 DB-25 to DE-9 connector
70. Special Request - Question 70
71. Special Request - Answer 71
72. Delivery - Connectors RS-232 to USB DB-25 to RS-232 72
73. Delivery - Extras 73
74. Apple III - First Run 74
75. Apple III - Burning Image 75
76. Apple III - Diskettes 76
77. Apple III - Diskettes 77
78. Apple III - Something doesn’t work 78
79. Apple III - Something work 79 TODO: Apple III game
80. Apple III - Expectations • New hardware - 2x performance • New OS • Backward compatibility 80
81. Apple III - Reality • Hardware stability issues • Very limited backward compatibility 81
82. Randy Wigginton, Apple Computer #6 employee “The Apple III was kind of like a baby conceived during a group orgy, and [later] everybody had this bad headache and there's this bastard child, and everyone says, ‘It's not mine.’” 82
83. Apple III - Cannot be used 83
84. I think I can find something useful 84
85. Museum Warehouse List 85
86. Working Apple //e Apple //e with controller card 86
87. Apple 5.25 Controller 87
88. Apple 5.25 Drive 88
89. IT’S HAPPENING 89
90. Post on /r/MrRobot subreddit 90
91. Tried to mention Mr. Robot producer 91
92. Open Source? 92
93. Why Not? 93
94. eXit is open-sourced 94 https://github.com/esphynox/eXit
95. Demo 95
96. Q&A 96
97. Twitter / Github / Instagram / Telegram / etc. 97 @esphynox