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JUnit 5 @ Devoxx BE 2017

JUnit 5 @ Devoxx BE 2017

Marc Philipp

November 08, 2017
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  1. The New Testing Framework for Java
    and Testing Platform for the JVM
    @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    JUnit

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  2. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Marc Philipp
    •  Software Engineer @ LogMeIn in Karlsruhe, Germany
    •  Consultant, trainer, coach in a former life
    •  JUnit Maintainer since 2012
    •  JUnit’s “Keeper of the Green Bar” for 2016 and 2017
    •  Twitter: @marcphilipp
    •  GitHub: marcphilipp
    •  Web: marcphilipp.de

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  3. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    > 3000 employees
    > 18 offices
    worldwide
    SaaS
    AWS, Azure
    microservices
    Spring Boot
    Docker
    DevOps

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  4. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Sam Brannen
    •  Spring and Java Consultant
    •  Trainer, Coach, …
    •  Hardcore developer at heart
    •  Java Developer for about 20 years
    •  Spring Framework Core Committer since 2007
    •  JUnit 5 Core Committer since October 2015

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  5. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Experts in Spring and Enterprise Java
    Areas of expertise
    •  Spring *
    •  JUnit 5
    •  Java EE
    •  Software Architecture
    •  Code Reviews
    Where you find us
    •  Zurich, Switzerland
    •  @swiftmind
    •  http://www.swiftmind.com

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  6. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Agenda
    •  Impetus for Change
    •  JUnit 5
    •  Demos
    •  Live Coding
    •  Spring 5
    •  Q & A

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  7. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Show of hands …

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  8. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Why a new version of JUnit?

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  9. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Impetus for Change
    •  JUnit 4.0 was released a decade ago
    •  a lot has changed since then…
    •  testing needs have matured
    •  expectations have grown
    •  Modularity à big ball of mud (i.e., only THE junit.jar)
    •  Test discovery and execution à tightly coupled
    •  Extensibility à lot of room for improvement
    •  Let’s not forget Java 8 and Java 9 and …

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  10. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    JUnit 4 Runner API
    •  Very powerful
    •  In fact, it can do anything
    •  But… you can’t combine Runners
    •  Parameterized + SpringRunner à no way

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  11. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    JUnit 4… Rules… are meant to be broken
    •  JUnit 4.7: MethodRule à @Rule
    •  JUnit 4.9: TestRule à @Rule / @ClassRule
    •  Great for simple use cases
    •  Can even be combined
    •  But… a single rule can’t be used for method-level and class-level callbacks
    •  Plus… zero support for instance-level callbacks
    •  Case in point: SpringClassRule / SpringMethodRule

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  12. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    JUnit Lambda – Crowdfunding Campaign
    •  Initiated by Johannes Link and Marc Philipp
    •  Later joined by Matthias Merdes, Stefan Bechtold, &
    Sam Brannen
    •  Ran from July to October 2015
    •  Raised 53,937 Euros from 474 individuals and
    companies
    •  4 companies donated 6 weeks of developer time

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  13. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Thanks!

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  14. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    The Kick-off Team

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  15. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    So, what is JUnit 5?

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  16. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Roadmap
    •  Prototype à December 2nd, 2015
    •  5.0.0-ALPHA à February 1st, 2016
    •  Milestones & RCs à July 2016 – August 2017
    •  5.0.0 GA à September 10th, 2017 ✅
    •  5.0.1 à October 3rd, 2017 ✅
    •  5.0.2 & 5.1 M1 à soon

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  17. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    JUnit 5 – in a Nutshell
    •  Modular
    •  Extensible
    •  Modern
    •  Forward and backward compatible
    •  JUnit Platform supports JUnit 3.8, JUnit 4, and JUnit 5
    •  New testing frameworks can be run with JUnit 4 infrastructure
    o 
    @RunWith(JUnitPlatform.class)

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  18. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    JUnit 5 – Java Versions
    •  Java 8
    •  baseline
    •  but can be used to test application code compiled against previous JDK versions
    •  Java 9
    •  #WorksFineOnJDK9
    •  every artifact has a stable AUTOMATIC-MODULE-NAME
    •  module-path scanning support coming in 5.1
    •  Java 10
    •  We just started building against EA builds last week

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  19. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    JUnit 5 = Platform + Jupiter + Vintage
    •  JUnit Platform 1.0.0
    •  Foundation for launching testing frameworks on the JVM
    •  Launcher and TestEngine APIs
    •  ConsoleLauncher, Gradle plugin, Maven Surefire provider
    •  JUnit Jupiter 5.0.0
    •  New programming model and extension model for JUnit 5
    •  JUnit Vintage 4.12.0
    •  TestEngine for running JUnit 3 and JUnit 4 based tests
    Revolutionary
    Evolutionary
    Necessary

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  20. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Launcher API
    •  Used by IDEs and build tools to launch the framework
    •  Central API for discovering and executing tests via one or more engines
    •  LauncherDiscoveryRequest
    •  selectors and filters
    •  Feedback provided via the TestExecutionListener API
    •  ConsoleLauncher for command-line support

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  21. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    TestEngine API
    •  Test engine discovers and executes tests
    •  for a particular programming model
    •  Automatic registration via Java’s ServiceLoader mechanism
    •  JupiterTestEngine
    •  VintageTestEngine
    •  Implement your own…

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  22. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Third-party TestEngines
    •  Specsy
    •  Spek
    •  Cucumber
    •  Drools Scenario
    •  jqwik
    source: https://github.com/junit-team/junit5/wiki/Third-party-Extensions

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  23. P L A T F O R M
    J U P I T E R
    V I N T A G E
    P A R T Y
    T H I R D

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  24. P L A T F O R M
    J U P I T E R
    V I N T A G E
    P A R T Y
    T H I R D

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  25. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    IDEs and Build Tools
    •  IntelliJ: ✅ IDEA 2016.2+ (2017.2.5)
    •  Eclipse: ✅ Eclipse Oxygen 4.7.1a
    •  NetBeans:
    •  Gradle: interim solution from JUnit Team
    •  to be taken over by Gradle team (end of 2017)
    •  Android JUnit 5: third-party Android support
    •  Maven: interim solution from JUnit Team
    •  being taken over by Maven Surefire team
    See user guide and
    sample apps for examples

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  26. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    So, what is JUnit Jupiter?

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  27. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    JUnit Jupiter – Extension Model
    •  Extension
    •  marker interface
    •  org.junit.jupiter.api.extension
    •  package containing all extension APIs
    •  implement as many as you like
    •  @ExtendWith(...)
    •  used to register one or more extensions
    •  interface, class, or method level
    o  or as a meta-annotation

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  28. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Extension APIs
    •  BeforeAllCallback
    •  BeforeEachCallback
    • 
    BeforeTestExecutionCallback
    • 
    AfterTestExecutionCallback
    •  AfterEachCallback
    •  AfterAllCallback
    •  TestExecutionExceptionHandler
    •  ExecutionCondition
    •  TestInstancePostProcessor
    •  ParameterResolver
    •  TestTemplateInvocationContextProvider
    Lifecycle Callbacks
    Dependency Injection

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  29. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    JUnit Jupiter – Programming Model
    org.junit.jupiter.api (org.junit.jupiter.params)
    •  Annotations and meta-annotations
    •  Assertions and Assumptions
    •  Custom display names
    •  Visibility
    •  Tagging
    •  Conditional test execution
    •  Dependency injection for constructors and methods
    •  Lambda expressions and method references
    •  Interface default methods
    •  Nested test classes
    •  Repeated tests, parameterized tests, dynamic tests

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  30. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Annotations
    •  @Test / @TestFactory and @Testable for TestEngine implementors
    •  @RepeatedTest / @ParameterizedTest and @TestTemplate
    •  @Nested
    •  @TestInstance
    •  @BeforeAll / @AfterAll
    •  @BeforeEach / @AfterEach
    •  @DisplayName
    •  @Tag
    •  @Disabled

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  31. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    JUnit 4 Rule Migration Support
    •  @EnableRuleMigrationSupport
    o  located in experimental junit-jupiter-migrationsupport module
    o  registers 3 extensions for JUnit Jupiter
    •  ExternalResourceSupport
    o  TemporaryFolder, etc.
    •  VerifierSupport
    o  ErrorCollector, etc.
    •  ExpectedExceptionSupport
    o  ExpectedException
    o  minor bugs in 5.0.0; fixed in 5.0.1and 5.0.2

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  32. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Assertions
    org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions
    •  Limited set of core assertions
    •  assertEquals(), assertNotNull(), etc.
    •  assertThrows() – λ
    •  assertTimeout() and assertTimeoutPreemptively() – λ
    •  assertAll() – λ
    •  Supplier à λ for lazy failure message evaluation
    •  message is now the last parameter
    •  For more power, use AssertJ, Hamcrest, etc.

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  33. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Assumptions
    org.junit.jupiter.api.Assumptions
    •  Limited set of core assumptions
    •  For aborting tests mid-flight
    •  Otherwise, favor a custom ExecutionCondition for skipping
    •  assumeTrue() / assumeFalse()
    •  BooleanSupplier, Supplier – λ
    •  assumingThat( ? , () -> {} ); – λ

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  34. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    LIVE CODING DEMO
    from JUnit 4 to JUnit Jupiter

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  35. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Tagging
    @Tag("fast")
    @Test
    void myFastTest() {
    }
    •  Declare @Tag on a test interface, class, or method

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  36. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Custom Tags
    @Target(METHOD)
    @Retention(RUNTIME)
    @Tag("fast")
    public @interface Fast {
    }
    •  Declare @Tag as a meta-annotation
    @Fast
    @Test
    void myFastTest() {}

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  37. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Composed Tags
    @Target(METHOD)
    @Retention(RUNTIME)
    @Tag("fast")
    @Test
    public @interface FastTest {
    }
    •  Declare @Tag as a meta-annotation with other annotations (JUnit, Spring, etc.)
    @FastTest
    void myFastTest() {
    }

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  38. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Test Names
    •  Names default to test class or test method names
    •  characters limited based on Java syntax
    •  Custom display names à @DisplayName
    •  Can contain spaces, special chars, and even emoji

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  39. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Dependency Injection
    •  Extension Model meets Programming Model
    •  ParameterResolver extension API
    •  resolves parameters for @Test and lifecycle methods
    o  and even constructors
    •  can register multiple simultaneously
    •  only one wins
    •  Use cases
    •  server URL, DataSource, Spring ApplicationContext, etc.

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  40. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    TestInfo
    •  TestInfo: inject into constructor, @Test, @BeforeEach, etc.
    •  access display name, tags, class, method
    •  TestInfoParameterResolver
    •  eating our own dog food ;-)
    •  See also:
    •  RepetitionInfo for @RepeatedTest
    •  TestReporter
    •  MockitoExtension
    •  SpringExtension

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  41. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    What’s the significance of @Disabled?

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  42. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Conditional Test Execution
    •  Extension Model meets Programming Model
    •  ExecutionCondition
    •  @Disabled
    •  DisabledCondition
    •  eating our own dog food ;-)
    •  Deactivate via Launcher, system property, or junit-platform.properties file
    •  junit.conditions.deactivate = org.junit.*
    Game Changer

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  43. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    LIVE CODING DEMO
    tags, display names, dependency injection, & conditions

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  44. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Testing Traits?

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  45. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Interface Default Methods
    •  Enables the concept of a test interface
    •  leading to multiple inheritance in tests
    •  a.k.a., testing traits
    •  @BeforeAll / @AfterAll
    •  if using @TestInstance(Lifecyle.PER_CLASS)
    •  @BeforeEach / @AfterEach
    •  @Test / @RepeatedTest / @ParameterizedTest / @TestFactory
    •  @Tag
    •  @ExtendWith
    •  See StringTests and TestInterfaceDemo examples in user guide

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  46. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    DEMO
    default methods

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  47. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Nested Test Classes
    •  Enables logical, hierarchical grouping of test classes
    •  with shared initialization and state from outer classes
    •  Declare @Nested on non-static nested classes
    •  i.e., inner classes
    •  You can even combine nested classes and test interfaces
    •  See TestingAStack example in user guide and Bowling Game Kata by Tim Riemer

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  48. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    DEMO
    nested test classes

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  49. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Test Templates?

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  50. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Repeated Tests
    •  Annotate a method with @RepeatedTest instead of @Test
    o  and specify the number of repetitions
    •  Optionally have the RepetitionInfo injected as a method parameter
    •  Optionally override the display name

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  51. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    @RepeatedTest in Action
    @RepeatedTest(5)
    void repeatedTest(RepetitionInfo repetitionInfo) {
    assertEquals(5, repetitionInfo.getTotalRepetitions());
    }
    @RepeatedTest(
    value = 5,
    name = "Wiederholung {currentRepetition} von {totalRepetitions}”
    )
    void repeatedTestInGerman() {
    // ...
    }

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  52. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Parameterized Tests (junit-jupiter-params)
    •  Annotate a method with @ParameterizedTest instead of @Test
    o  and specify the source of the arguments
    o  optionally override the display name
    •  Sources
    o  @ValueSource: String, int, long, double
    o  @EnumSource
    o  @MethodSource
    o  @CsvSource & @CsvFileSource
    o  @ArgumentsSource & custom ArgumentsProvider

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  53. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Argument Conversion
    •  Implicit conversion
    o  Primitive types and their wrappers
    o  Enums
    o  java.time types (JSR-310)
    •  Explicit conversion
    o  @ConvertWith and custom ArgumentConverter
    o  @JavaTimeConversionPattern built-in support for JSR-310

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  54. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    @ParameterizedTest in Action
    @ParameterizedTest
    @ValueSource(strings = {
    "mom",
    "dad",
    "radar",
    "racecar",
    "able was I ere I saw elba"
    })
    void palindromes(String candidate) {
    assertTrue(isPalindrome(candidate));
    }

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  55. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    DEMO
    repeated and parameterized tests

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  56. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Lambdas as Tests?

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  57. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Dynamic Tests
    •  Conventional tests are static (i.e., known at compile time)
    •  @Test
    •  A DynamicTest is registered at runtime – λ
    •  as lambda expression in a stream, collection, etc.
    •  by a method annotated with @TestFactory
    •  Can also register a DynamicContainer for dynamic nesting
    •  Somewhat analogous to parameterized tests
    •  just more… dynamic

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  58. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Dynamic Tests in Action
    @TestFactory
    Stream dynamicTestsFromIntStream() {
    // Generates tests for the first 10 even integers.
    return IntStream.iterate(0, n -> n + 2)
    .limit(10)
    .mapToObj(n ->
    dynamicTest("test" + n,
    () -> assertTrue(n % 2 == 0)));
    }

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  59. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    DEMO
    dynamic tests

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  60. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    What’s Missing?
    •  Scenario tests
    •  Ordering
    •  Parallel execution
    •  Execution in user-defined thread
    •  Declarative and programmatic test suites for the JUnit Platform
    •  Java 9 module-path scanning
    •  …

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  61. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    LIVE CODING DEMO
    custom extensions
    •  logging
    •  timing
    •  conditions

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  62. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Spring 5 + JUnit 5

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  63. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Spring Support for JUnit Jupiter
    •  Fully integrated in Spring Framework 5.0!
    •  Supports all Core Spring TestContext Framework features
    •  Constructor and method injection via @Autowired, @Qualifier, @Value
    •  Conditional test execution via SpEL expressions
    •  ApplicationContext configuration annotations
    •  Also works with Spring Framework 4.3
    https://github.com/sbrannen/spring-test-junit5

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  64. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Configuring JUnit Jupiter with Spring
    •  SpringExtension
    •  @ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
    •  @SpringJUnitConfig
    •  @ContextConfiguration + SpringExtension
    •  @SpringJUnitWebConfig
    •  @SpringJUnitConfig + @WebAppConfiguration
    •  @EnabledIf / @DisabledIf
    •  SpEL expression evaluation for conditional execution

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  65. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    DEMO
    Spring 5 and JUnit Jupiter
    @EnabledOnMac / @DisabledOnMac

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  66. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Spring Boot 1.5 + JUnit 5 – Custom Config
    @Target(TYPE)
    @Retention(RUNTIME)
    @ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
    @SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = MOCK)
    @AutoConfigureMockMvc
    @Transactional
    public @interface SpringEventsWebTest {
    }
    •  @SpringBootTest + @AutoConfigureMockMvc + @ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)

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  67. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Spring Boot 1.5 + JUnit 5 – MockMvc Test
    @SpringEventsWebTest
    class EventsControllerTests {
    @Test
    @DisplayName("Home page should display more than 10 events")
    void listEvents(@Autowired MockMvc mockMvc) throws Exception {
    mockMvc.perform(get("/"))
    .andExpect(view().name("event/list"))
    .andExpect(model().attribute("events",
    hasSize(greaterThan(10))));
    }
    }
    •  @SpringEventsWebTest + method-level DI + MockMvc

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  68. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    In closing …

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  69. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    JUnit 5 Resources
    Project Homepage à http://junit.org/junit5
    User Guide à http://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide
    Javadoc à http://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/api
    GitHub à https://github.com/junit-team
    Gitter à https://gitter.im/junit-team/junit5
    Stack Overflow à http://stackoverflow.com/tags/junit5

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  70. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Spring Resources
    Spring Framework à http://projects.spring.io/spring-framework
    Spring Guides à http://spring.io/guides
    Spring JIRA à https://jira.spring.io
    Spring on GitHub à https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework
    Stack Overflow à spring, spring-test, spring-mvc, spring-boot, …

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  71. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Demos Used in this Presentation
    https://github.com/sbrannen/junit5-demo

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  72. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    JUnit 5 BOF @ Devoxx 2017
    In 20 minutes in BOF room #2 (19:00 – 20:00)

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  73. @marcphilipp & @sam_brannen
    #Devoxx #JUnit5
    Q & A
    Marc Philipp
    Sam Brannen
    JUnit

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