WebRTC について調べてみた

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1. 8FC35$ʹ͍ͭͯௐ΂ͯΈͨ
   ઙؒਖ਼࿨!/*40$
   
   1
   

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2. 8FC35$ͱ͸ʁ
   w 3FBM5JNF$PNNVOJDBUJPOPOUIF8FC
   w Ի੠௨࿩΍ϏσΦձٞͷΑ͏ͳϦΞϧλΠϜͳίϛϡχέʔγϣϯΛ
   ΢ΣϒΞϓϦ্Ͱߦ͏ͨΊͷ࢓૊Έ
   w ྫ
   +JUTJ.FFU
   w *&5'3UDXFC8(Ͱϓϩτίϧͷඪ४Խ͕͞Ε͍ͯΔ ͍ͨ
   
   w ϒϥ΢βଆͰ࣮૷͢Δ+BWB4DSJQU"1*ͷ࢓༷͸8$8FC3FBM
   5JNF$PNNVOJDBUJPOT8(Ͱඪ४Խ͞Ε͍ͯΔ
   w ʮ͜Μͳײ͡ͷ"1*ʹͯ͠Ͷʯͱ͍͏ͷ͸*&5'3UDXFC8(ଆͰ
   ͍ࣔͯ͠Δ
   w ͳΜͱͳ͘͢Ͱʹଘࡏ͢Δඪ४ΛͲ͏૊Έ߹ΘͤΔ͔Λنఆͯ͠Δײ͡
   2
   

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6. ͬ͘͟Γ
   w ΢Σϒϒϥ΢β͸΢Σϒαʔό͔Β΢Σϒ
   ΞϓϦ +BWB4DSJQUͰॻ͔ΕͨϓϩάϥϜ
   
   Λμ΢ϯϩʔυ͢Δ
   w γάφϦϯά ୭ͱԻ੠΍ө૾Λ΍ΓͱΓ͢
   ΔʁίʔσοΫ͸ʁଳҬ͸ʁͳͲͷௐ੔
   ͸
   ΢Σϒαʔόͱߦ͏
   w ࣮ࡍͷϝσΟΞ Ի੠΍ө૾ͳͲ
   ͷ΍ΓͱΓ
   ͸γάφϦϯάͰಘΒΕͨ৘ใΛ΋ͱʹ ج
   ຊతʹ͸
   ΢ΣϒαʔόΛհͣ͞ߦ͏
   w ΢ΣϒΞϓϦ͸γάφϦϯάͱϝσΟΞͷ
   ΍ΓͱΓͷઃఆΛ+BWB4DSJQUͰߦ͏
   +-----------+ +-----------+
   | Web | | Web |
   | | Signaling | |
   | |-------------| |
   | Server | path | Server |
   | | | |
   +-----------+ +-----------+
   / \
   / \ Application-define
   / \ over
   / \ HTTPS/WebSockets
   / Application-defined over \
   / HTTPS/WebSockets \
   / \
   +-----------+ +-----------+
   |JS/HTML/CSS| |JS/HTML/CSS|
   +-----------+ +-----------+
   +-----------+ +-----------+
   | | | |
   | | | |
   | Browser | ------------------------- | Browser |
   | | Media path | |
   | | | |
   +-----------+ +-----------+
   Figure 2: Browser RTC Trapezoid
   ESBGUJFUGSUDXFCPWFSWJFX͔ΒҾ༻
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7. Ͱͯ͘Δ3'$*% Ұ෦
   
   w ESBGUJFUGSUDXFCPWFSWJFX
   w 8FC35$ͷશମ૾Λઆ໌
   w ESBGUJFUGSUDXFCUSBOTQPSUT
   w 8FC35$ͷτϥϯεϙʔτ ఻ૹ
   Λઆ໌
   w ESBGUJFUGSUDXFCSUQVTBHF
   w 351Λ༻͍ͨϝσΟΞ఻ૹͷઆ໌
   w SGDSGD
   w Ի੠ͱө૾ͷίʔσοΫͷઆ໌
   w ESBGUJFUGSUDXFCTEQ
   w 8FC35$ͷγάφϦϯάʹ͍ͭͯઆ໌
   w ESBGUJFUGSUDXFCKTFQ
   w 8FC35$Λ+BWB4DSJQU͔ΒͲ͏΍ͬͯ
   ࣮ߦ͢Δͷ͔Λઆ໌
   +-----------+ +-----------+
   | Web | | Web |
   | | Signaling | |
   | |-------------| |
   | Server | path | Server |
   | | | |
   +-----------+ +-----------+
   / \
   / \ Application-define
   / \ over
   / \ HTTPS/WebSockets
   / Application-defined over \
   / HTTPS/WebSockets \
   / \
   +-----------+ +-----------+
   |JS/HTML/CSS| |JS/HTML/CSS|
   +-----------+ +-----------+
   +-----------+ +-----------+
   | | | |
   | | | |
   | Browser | ------------------------- | Browser |
   | | Media path | |
   | | | |
   +-----------+ +-----------+
   Figure 2: Browser RTC Trapezoid
   ESBGUJFUGSUDXFCPWFSWJFX͔ΒҾ༻
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8. ESBGUJFUGSUDXFCUSBOTQPSUT
   w ϝσΟΞΛ఻ૹ͢ΔࡍͷτϥϯεϙʔτͲ͏͠Α͏ͱ͍͏͸ͳ͠
   w ໽հͳʮϛυϧϘοΫε /"5΍ϑΝΠΞ΢ΥʔϧͳͲ
   ͕͋ͬͨͱ͖Ͳ͏
   ͠Α͏ʯ໰୊΋͜͜Ͱ৮ΕΒΕ͍ͯΔ
   w ϛυϧϘοΫεରࡦͱͯ͠͸ҎԼͷඪ४΁ͷରԠ͕.645ʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ
   w SGD
   w *OUFSBDUJWF$POOFDUJWJUZ&TUBCMJTINFOU *$&
   
   w SGD
   w 5SBWFSTBM6TJOH3FMBZTBSPVOE/"5 563/
   
   w SGD
   w 4FTTJPO5SBWFSTBM6UJMJUJFTGPS/"5 456/
   
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9. ͜Μͳͱ͖Ͳ͏͢Δʁ
   +---------+
   +--------+ |Signaling| +--------+
   | STUN | |Server | | STUN |
   | Server | +---------+ | Server |
   +--------+ / \ +--------+
   / \
   / \
   / <- Signaling -> \
   / \
   +--------+ +--------+
   | NAT | | NAT |
   +--------+ +--------+
   / \
   / \
   +-------+ +-------+
   | Agent | | Agent |
   | L | | R |
   +-------+ +-------+
   Figure 1: ICE Deployment Scenario
   SGD͔ΒҾ༻
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10. 4FTTJPO5SBWFSTBM6UJMJUJFTGPS/"5 456/
    
    w /"5ͷ಺ଆʹ͍Δͻͱ 456/ΫϥΠΞϯτ
    ͕Πϯλʔωοτଆʹ͍Δ
    ͻͱ 456/αʔό
    ͱ΍ΓͱΓΛ͢Δ͜ͱͰ
    w ࣗ෼͕ͳΜΒ͔ͷ/"5ͷ಺ଆʹ͍Δ͔൱͔
    w Πϯλʔωοτʹग़͍ͯ͘ͱ͖ͷૹ৴ݩΞυϨεͱૹ৴ݩϙʔτ൪߸
    w Λ஌Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ࢓૊Έ
    w 456/ΫϥΠΞϯτ͕456/αʔόʹରͯ͠ϦΫΤετ όΠϯυϦΫΤ
    ετ
    ΛૹΔͱ456/αʔό͸456/ΫϥΠΞϯτʹૹ৴ݩ৘ใΛຒΊ
    ࠐΜͩϨεϙϯεΛฦ͢
    w ϦΫΤετˍϨεϙϯεͷଞʹҰํతʹૹΓ͚ͭΔΠϯσΟέʔγϣϯͱ
    ͍͏ͷ΋͋Δ
    10
    

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11. 5SBWFSTBM6TJOH3FMBZTBSPVOE/"5 563/
    
    w ௚઀௨৴Ͱ͖ͳ͍ͻͱͨͪͷؒʹ͸͍ͬͯ௨৴ΛϦϨʔͯ͘͠ΕΔػೳ
    w ύέοτϑΥʔϚοτ͸456/ͰఆΊΒΕͨ΋ͷΛ༻͍Δ
    w ϦϨʔͷͨΊͷΞυϨεͱϙʔτ͸Ξϩέʔγϣϯͱ͍͏456/ϝιο
    υΛ༻ׂ͍ͯΓ౰ͯͯ΋Β͏
    w ϦϨʔύέοτͷૹड৴ʹ͸
    w ηϯυͱσʔλͱ͍͏456/ϝιουΛ༻͍Δํ๏
    w νϟϯωϧΛׂΓ౰ͯͯ΋Β͍ͦͷνϟϯωϧΛ༻͍Δํ๏
    w ͷ͕ͭ༻ҙ͞Ε͍ͯΔ
    w ͦ΋ͦ΋6%1Ͱ֎ͱ΍ΓͱΓͰ͖ͳ͍ͻͱͰ΋େৎ෉ͳΑ͏ʹ5$1ͱ
    5-4PWFS5$1Λ࢖ͬͯ6%1σʔλάϥϜΛϦϨʔ͢Δ͜ͱ΋Ͱ͖Δ
    11
    

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12. 5SBWFSTBM6TJOH3FMBZTBSPVOE/"5 563/
    
    w खॱ
    w 563/ΫϥΠΞϯτ͕563/αʔόʹ
    ΞϩέʔγϣϯϦΫΤετΛૹΔ
    w 563/αʔό͸ΞυϨεͱϙʔτΛׂΓ
    ౰ͯ563/ΫϥΠΞϯτʹΞϩέʔγϣ
    ϯϨεϙϯεΛฦ͢ ӈਤͷ3FMBZFE
    5SBOTQPSU"EESFTT
    
    w 563/ΫϥΠΞϯτ͸ύέοτΛΤϯ
    Ωϟοϓ͠563/αʔόʹૹΔ
    w 563/αʔό͸σΩϟοϓ͠૬खʹૹΔ
    w ໭Γύέοτ͸563/αʔό͕Τϯ
    Ωϟοϓ͠563/ΫϥΠΞϯτʹૹΔ
    Peer A
    Server-Reflexive +---------+
    Transport Address | |
    192.0.2.150:32102 | |
    | /| |
    TURN | / ^| Peer A |
    Client's Server | / || |
    Host Transport Transport | // || |
    Address Address | // |+---------+
    10.1.1.2:49721 192.0.2.15:3478 |+-+ // Peer A
    | | ||N| / Host Transport
    | +-+ | ||A|/ Address
    | | | | v|T| 192.168.100.2:49582
    | | | | /+-+
    +---------+| | | |+---------+ / +---------+
    | || |N| || | // | |
    | TURN |v | | v| TURN |/ | |
    | Client |----|A|----------| Server |------------------| Peer B |
    | | | |^ | |^ ^| |
    | | |T|| | || || |
    +---------+ | || +---------+| |+---------+
    | || | |
    | || | |
    +-+| | |
    | | |
    | | |
    Client's | Peer B
    Server-Reflexive Relayed Transport
    Transport Address Transport Address Address
    192.0.2.1:7000 192.0.2.15:50000 192.0.2.210:49191
    Figure 1
    SGD͔ΒҾ༻
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13. *OUFSBDUJWF$POOFDUJWJUZ&TUBCMJTINFOU *$&
    
    w લड़ͷ456/΍563/Λ૊Έ߹Θͤͯ
    ͭͷΤϯυϙΠϯτؒͰ௨৴͢Δࡍͷϕε
    τͳํ๏Λ୳͠ग़ͨ͢Ίͷ࢓૊Έ
    w ͭͷΤϯυϙΠϯτؒͰ௨৴͠Α͏ͱ
    ࢥͬͨͱ͖ͷΞυϨεͱϙʔτͷ૊Έ߹Θ
    ͤީิΛϕετͳ΋ͷ͔Βࢼ͍͖ͯ͠௨৴
    Ͱ͖Δํ๏Λ୳͢
    w ྫ
    w -ͱ3ʹ;ΒΕͨΞυϨεಉ࢜Ͱࢼ͢
    w -ͱ3ͦΕͧΕͷ/"5ͷ֎ଆͷΞυϨ
    εಉ࢜Ͱࢼ͢
    w 456/ 563/
    αʔόͰΞϩέʔτͨ͠Ξ
    υϨεಉ࢜Ͱࢼ͢
    +---------+
    +--------+ |Signaling| +--------+
    | STUN | |Server | | STUN |
    | Server | +---------+ | Server |
    +--------+ / \ +--------+
    / \
    / \
    / <- Signaling -> \
    / \
    +--------+ +--------+
    | NAT | | NAT |
    +--------+ +--------+
    / \
    / \
    +-------+ +-------+
    | Agent | | Agent |
    | L | | R |
    +-------+ +-------+
    Figure 1: ICE Deployment Scenario
    SGD͔ΒҾ༻
    13
    

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14. ͜Εߦ͚Μͷʜʁ
    w /"5ͷ࣮૷ʹΑͬͯ͸ߦ͚Δ
    w -͕456/αʔόʹόΠϯυͨ͠ࡍʹ
    w -͔Βग़Δૹ৴ݩΞυϨεϙʔτ͕9Y
    w /"5͔Βग़ΔΞυϨεϙʔτ͕9Y
    w ͷͱ͖3޲͚ʹૹ৴ݩ9YͰग़͢ͱಉ͡
    ͘9Yʹม׵ͯ͘͠ΕΔػೳ͕͋Γ͜ͷػ
    ೳ͕࣮૷͞Εͨ/"5ͷ৔߹͸ߦ͚Δ
    w -͸456/Ͱ9YΛٻΊΔ
    w 3͸456/Ͱ:ZΛٻΊΔ
    w -͸:Zͱ௨৴͠Α͏ͱ͠
    w 3͸9Yͱ௨৴͠Α͏ͱ͢Δ
    w ͜ͷػೳ͸&OEQPJOUJOEFQFOEFOU
    NBQQJOHͱ͍͍SGDͰ.645ѻ͍
    +---------+
    +--------+ |Signaling| +--------+
    | STUN | |Server | | STUN |
    | Server | +---------+ | Server |
    +--------+ / \ +--------+
    / \
    / \
    / <- Signaling -> \
    / \
    +--------+ +--------+
    | NAT | | NAT |
    +--------+ +--------+
    / \
    / \
    +-------+ +-------+
    | Agent | | Agent |
    | L | | R |
    +-------+ +-------+
    Figure 1: ICE Deployment Scenario
    SGD͔ΒҾ༻
    9Y :Z
    :Z
    9Y
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15. ESBGUJFUGSUDXFCSUQVTBHF
    w 8FC35$Ͱ͸ϝσΟΞͷ఻ૹʹ351 3FBMUJNF5SBOTQPSU1SPUPDPM
    
    Λ༻͍Δ
    w 351͸SGDͰنఆ͞ΕͯΔ͚ͲϕʔεͱͳΔ෦෼͔͠نఆ͓ͯ͠Β
    ͣ۩ମతͳ͜ͱ͸ϓϩϑΝΠϧͰنఆ͢Δ͜ͱʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ
    w 8FC35$Ͱ͸ҎԼͷϓϩϑΝΠϧ͕.465ʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ
    w 3514"71' &YUFOEFE4FDVSF3511SPpMFGPS35$1#BTFE
    'FFECBDL
    
    w ͦͷଞʹ΋351ͷଟॏԽʹରԠͯ͠Δ͜ͱͱ͔ಉظιʔεͲ͏͢Μͷͱ
    ͔͜͏͍͏֦ுػೳʹରԠͯ͠Ͷͱ͔͍Ζ͍Ζॻ͔Ε͍ͯΔ
    15
    

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16. ESBGUJFUGSUDXFCTEQ
    w ϝσΟΞ఻ૹʹ༻͍Δ351ͷύϥϝʔλ͸4FTTJPO%FTDSJQUJPO
    1SPUPDPM 4%1
    ͱ͍͏ϓϩτίϧͰهड़͞ΕΔ
    w 4%1͸*1ి࿩ͷͨΊͷن֨4*1Ͱ΋༻͍ΒΕ͍ͯΔ
    w ͜ͷ*%Ͱ͸8FC35$Ͱ΍ΓͱΓ͢Δ4%1ΛྫΛ༻͍ͳ͕Βઆ໌
    16
    

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17. 4FTTJPO%FTDSJQUJPO1SPUPDPM 4%1
    
    w جຊతʹ
    w ܕ஋
    w ͷϖΞͰهड़͞ΕΔ
    w ܕ͕B ΞτϦϏϡʔτ
    ͷ࣌͸
    w BΞτϦϏϡʔτ໊஋
    w ͷΑ͏ʹهड़͞ΕΔ
    w ࠷ॳͷN ϝσΟΞ
    ͕Ͱग़Δ·Ͱ͕ڞ௨෦
    ෼ͰN͕ग़ΔͨͼʹϝσΟΞͷఆٛʹೖΔ
    w ӈͷྫͰ͸BJDFPQUJPOTUSJDLMF͸ڞ௨
    ͷΞτϦϏϡʔτͰBNJEBVEJP͸
    NBVEJPʹର͢ΔΞτϦϏϡʔτͰ
    BCVOEMFPOMZ͸NWJEFPʹର͢Δ
    ΞτϦϏϡʔτ
    v=0
    o=- 20518 0 IN IP4 0.0.0.0
    s=-
    t=0 0
    a=group:BUNDLE audio video
    a=group:LS audio video
    a=ice-options:trickle
    m=audio 54609 UDP/TLS/RTP/SAVPF 109 0 8
    c=IN IP4 203.0.113.141
    a=mid:audio
    a=msid:ma ta
    a=sendrecv
    a=rtpmap:109 opus/48000/2
    a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000
    a=rtpmap:8 PCMA/8000
    a=maxptime:120
    ... লུ ...
    m=video 0 UDP/TLS/RTP/SAVPF 99 120
    c=IN IP4 203.0.113.141
    a=bundle-only
    a=mid:video
    a=msid:ma tb
    a=sendrecv
    a=rtpmap:99 H264/90000
    17
    

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18. 4FTTJPO%FTDSJQUJPO1SPUPDPM 4%1
    
    w Wϓϩτίϧόʔδϣϯ
    w Pੜ੒ݩͱηογϣϯ*%
    w Tηογϣϯ໊
    w D઀ଓ৘ใ
    w Uηογϣϯ͕ΞΫςΟϒͳ࣌ؒ
    w NϝσΟΞ໊ͱτϥϯεϙʔτΞυϨε
    w ୈҰҾ਺ϝσΟΞλΠϓ BVEJP΍
    WJEFPͳͲ
    
    w ୈೋҾ਺τϥϯεϙʔτϙʔτ൪߸
    w ୈࡾҾ਺τϥϯεϙʔτϓϩτίϧ
    w ୈ࢛Ҿ਺351ϖΠϩʔυλΠϓ൪߸
    w BΞτϦϏϡʔτ
    w ͍Ζ͍Ζ
    v=0
    o=- 20518 0 IN IP4 0.0.0.0
    s=-
    t=0 0
    a=group:BUNDLE audio video
    a=group:LS audio video
    a=ice-options:trickle
    m=audio 54609 UDP/TLS/RTP/SAVPF 109 0 8
    c=IN IP4 203.0.113.141
    a=mid:audio
    a=msid:ma ta
    a=sendrecv
    a=rtpmap:109 opus/48000/2
    a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000
    a=rtpmap:8 PCMA/8000
    a=maxptime:120
    ... লུ ...
    m=video 0 UDP/TLS/RTP/SAVPF 99 120
    c=IN IP4 203.0.113.141
    a=bundle-only
    a=mid:video
    a=msid:ma tb
    a=sendrecv
    a=rtpmap:99 H264/90000
    18
    

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19. ESBGUJFUGSUDXFCKTFQ
    w +BWB4DSJQUͰ8FC35$Λ࣮૷͢ΔࡍͷྲྀΕΛઆ໌
    19
    

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20. ESBGUJFUGSUDXFCKTFQ
    w TFUVQMPDBMNFEJBTUBUF
    w
    "MJDF+4͕৽͍͠1FFS$POOFDUJPO
    ΠϯελϯεΛ࡞੒
    w
    "MJDF+4͕Ի੠ͱϏσΦͷͭͷτ
    ϥοΫΛ1FFS$POOFDUJPOͷ
    BEE5SBDLϝιουͰ௥Ճ
    w
    "MJDF+4͕1FFS$POOFDUJPOͷ
    DSFBUF0⒎FSϝιουͰΦϑΝʔΛऔಘ
    w
    "MJDF+4͕
    ͰಘͨΦϑΝʔΛ
    1FFS$POOFDUJPOͷ
    TFU-PDBM%FTDSJQUJPOͰొ࿥
    w
    *$&ީิ͕൑໌͢Δͨͼʹ
    PO*DF$BOEJEBUFΠϕϯτ͕ൃੜ͢Δ
    "MJDF+4
    "MJDF6"
    #PC+4
    #PC6"
    8FC4FSWFS
    
    
    
    
    
    
    20
    

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21. ESBGUJFUGSUDXFCKTFQ
    w XBJUGPS*$&HBUIFSJOHUPDPNQMFUF
    w
    *$&ީิͷऩू͕ऴΘͬͨ͜ͱΛࠂ͛
    ΔPO*DF$BOEJEBUFΠϕϯτ͕ൃੜ͢Δ
    w
    "MJDF+4͕1FFS$POOFDUJPOͷ
    QFOEJOH-PDBM%FTDSJQUJPOϝιουΛ࣮
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    ಘ͢Δ
    "MJDF+4
    "MJDF6"
    #PC+4
    #PC6"
    8FC4FSWFS
    
    
    
    
    21
    

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22. ESBGUJFUGSUDXFCKTFQ
    w cP⒎FS"cJTTFOUPWFSTJHOBMJOH
    QSPUPDPMUP#PC
    w
    "MJDF+4͔Β8FC4FSWFS΁cP⒎FS
    "cΛૹ৴
    w
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    "cΛૹ৴
    "MJDF+4
    "MJDF6"
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    #PC6"
    8FC4FSWFS
    
    
    
    
    22
    

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23. ESBGUJFUGSUDXFCKTFQ
    w cP⒎FS"cBSSJWFTBU#PC
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