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Applying the Grammar of Greenkeeping

Micah Woods
December 02, 2019

Applying the Grammar of Greenkeeping

I discussed, in a seminar held at Copenhagen Golf Club, the principles described in my book A Short Grammar of Greenkeeping: https://leanpub.com/short_grammar_of_greenkeeping

Micah Woods

December 02, 2019
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  1. Applying the Grammar of Greenkeeping Micah Woods Chief Scientist Asian

    Turfgrass Center www.asianturfgrass.com 2 December 2019
  2. Some chapters … ▶ Defining turfgrass management ▶ Two uncontrollable

    factors ▶ Water ▶ Air ▶ Soil organic matter ▶ Roots
  3. Greenkeeping is managing the growth rate of the grass to

    create the desired playing surface for golf.
  4. What affects growth? Growth is a function of photosynthetic light,

    plant water status, temperature, and a nutrient index.1 This can be represented as the environmental productivity index (EPI). 1Each of these factors can be represented by an index that takes a value from 0 to 1. Thus, the EPI will also have a value in the range of 0 to 1. The nutrient index is primarily a function of leaf N content.
  5. What affects growth? Growth is a function of photosynthetic light,

    plant water status, temperature, and a nutrient index.1 This can be represented as the environmental productivity index (EPI). (light)(water)(temperature)(nutrient) = EPI 1Each of these factors can be represented by an index that takes a value from 0 to 1. Thus, the EPI will also have a value in the range of 0 to 1. The nutrient index is primarily a function of leaf N content.
  6. Light — 3 terms 1. PAR – photosynthetically active radiation

    2. PPFD – photosynthetic photon flux density, measured per second 3. DLI – daily light integral, sum of PPFD from sunrise to sunset
  7. Temperature-based growth potential PACE Turf developed the temperature-based GP to

    express the actual temperature in terms of its proximity to optimum temperatures for shoot growth. GP = e−0.5(t−to var )2 where, GP = growth potential, on a scale of 0 to 1 e = 2.71828, a mathematical constant t = average temperature for a location, in celsius to = optimum temperature, 20 for C3 grass, 31 for C4 grass var = adjusts the change in GP as temperature moves away from to ; I suggest 5.5 for C3 and 7 for C4
  8. Implications and use of GP ▶ mowing frequency ▶ fungicide

    duration ▶ heat-related stress ▶ topdressing requirement ▶ nutrient use
  9. The best playing surface will be produced when the soil

    has just enough water to keep the grass from wilting, and the remaining soil volume will be filled with air.
  10. Recommend records of … Key performance indicators ▶ Green speed

    ▶ Clipping volume Cultural inputs & conditions ▶ Nitrogen applications ▶ Sand topdressing applications ▶ Growth regulator applications ▶ Daily high & low temperature ▶ Daily precipitation Surface maintenance practices ▶ Mowing height ▶ Mowing frequency ▶ Vertical mowing ▶ Grooming ▶ Brushing ▶ Rolling
  11. 4 things to increase roots on putting greens 1. Mow

    the grass as high as possible 2. Apply the right amount of N, at the right time
  12. 4 things to increase roots on putting greens 1. Mow

    the grass as high as possible 2. Apply the right amount of N, at the right time 3. Make sure there is plenty of air in the soil
  13. 4 things to increase roots on putting greens 1. Mow

    the grass as high as possible 2. Apply the right amount of N, at the right time 3. Make sure there is plenty of air in the soil 4. Make sure there is enough P in the soil