Custom Post Types

A introductory guide to WordPress Custom Post Types. Presented at WordCamp Sheffield 2014

1. Hello  WC  Shef+ield! Jenny  Wong  :  Web  Developer  :  @miss_jwo
2. Custom  Post  Types Jenny  Wong  :  Web  Developer  :  @miss_jwo
3. Fast  Talker Feel  free  to  ask  me  to  slow  down.     Its  good  for  me.
4. Content The  most  important  thing  about  a  site.
5. Post  Types WordPress  deals  with  all  the  different  type  of  content   by  de+ining  them  based  on  what  they  are.     ! The  de+initions  are  called  Post  Types.
6. Post  Types ! •Post   •Page   •Attachments   •Revision   •Nav  Menus } Defaults
7. Custom  Post  Types CPT  for  short.
8. Post  Types ! •Post   •Page   •Attachments   •Revision   •Nav  Menus
9. Custom  Post  Types • Post   • Page   • Attachments   • Revision   • Nav  Menus   •News   •Staff   …  anything  from  Jen’s  head
10. Why?
11. Advantages •Hides  content  from  the  default  query   •Management  of  content  is  easier   •Improved  user  interface  &  usability   •The  ability  to  use  custom  templates
12. Disadvantages •Performance  issue  with  querying  a   large  table   •If  content  doesn’t  easily  +it  the  post   type  tables  then  issues  can  occur.  
13. Where  do  CPTs  live? The  Options
14. Theme •CPT  attached  to  the  theme   •Activate  Theme  &  CPT  will  appear   •Deactivate  theme:   •  User  cannot  access  their  CPT  data   •  Data  still  stored  in  the  database
15. Plugin •  Functionality  is  separate  to  the  design   of  the  website   •Can  activate  new  theme  without   functionality  disappearing   •Plugins  can  be  deactivated
16. Must  Use  Plugin mu  plugin  for  short.
17. Must  Use  Plugin
18. Must  Use  Plugin https://codex.wordpress.org/Must_Use_Plugins
19. The  Code
20. Register  New  CPT
21. Register  New  CPT <?php ! ! register_post_type( $post_type, $args );! ! $post_type! - Name of post type! $args! ! ! -! An array of arguments.! ! ! ! !
22. Register  New  CPT <?php ! ! register_post_type( $post_type, $args );! ! $post_type! - Name of post type! $args! ! ! -! An array of arguments.! ! Full arguments list: ! https://codex.wordpress.org/Function_Reference/register_post_type#Arguments! ! !
23. CPT  in  action <?php ! ! function cpt_wcsheff () {! ! ! $args = array( … );! ! ! register_post_type(‘speakers’, $args );! ! }! ! add_action( 'init','cpt_wcsheff');! !
24. Categories  &  Tags
25. Categories  &  Tags ! Default  taxonomy:   • category   • post_tag
26. Categories  &  Tags function cpt_wcsheff () {! ! …! ! register_post_type(‘speakers’, $args );! ! ! register_taxonomy_for_object_type( ! ! ! 'category', 'speakers' ! ! );! ! ! register_taxonomy_for_object_type( ! ! ! 'post_tag', 'speakers' ! ! );! }!
27. Custom  Taxonomies
28. Custom  Category $post_types = array(‘speakers’);! ! $category_args = array(! ! 'hierarchical' => true ! );! ! register_taxonomy( ! ! 'custom_cat', ! ! $post_types,! ! $category_args! );! !
29. Custom  Tag $post_types = array(‘speakers’);! ! $category_args = array(! ! 'hierarchical' => false ! );! ! register_taxonomy( ! ! 'custom_tag', ! ! $post_types,! ! $category_args! );! !
30. Custom  Taxonomies https://codex.wordpress.org/ Function_Reference/register_taxonomy
31. Templating
32. Custom  Templates ! archive-­‐$post_type.php   archive.php   ! single-­‐$post_type.php   single.php   ! taxonomy-­‐$taxonomy-­‐$term.php   taxonomy-­‐$taxonomy.php   taxonomy.php
33. Condition  Tags ! is_post_type_hierarchical(  $post_type );   ! is_post_type_archive(  $post_type  );   ! post_type_exists(  $post_type  )  ;   !
34. Common  Issues
35. Permalinks URL  that  points  to  a  particular  location   ! http://codex.wordpress.org/Using_Permalinks
36. Permalinks Issue:  404  error  on  a  single  CPT  page
37. Flushing  Permalinks ATTENTION: You should *NEVER EVER* do this on every page load!!
38. Flushing  in  a  plugin function cpt_wcsheff() {! register_post_type( ... );! }! ! ! function my_rewrite_flush() {! cpt_wcsheff();! flush_rewrite_rules();! }! ! ! register_activation_hook( ! ! __FILE__, ! ! 'my_rewrite_flush' ! );! ! !
39. Flushing  in  a  theme function cpt_wcsheff() {! register_post_type( ... );! }! ! ! function cpt_wcsheff_rewrite_flush() {! flush_rewrite_rules();! }! ! add_action( ! ! 'after_switch_theme', ! 'cpt_wcsheff_rewrite_flush' ! );! ! !
40. Permalinks https://codex.wordpress.org/Function_Reference/ register_post_type#Flushing_Rewrite_on_Activation
41. Slugs
42. Slugs   ! example.com/permalinks/slugs   ! example.com/slugs   !
43. CPT  Naming
44. CPT  Naming Permalink  Structure:   ! $custom_post_type     =  ‘wc_shef+ield’;   $custon_tax           =  ‘wc_shef+ield’;   ! example.com/$custom_post_type/post_slug   ! example.com/$custom_tax/another_slug
45. Questions?
46. Ask  me  later Jenny  Wong  :  Web  Developer  :  @miss_jwo