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Jenny Wong
April 26, 2014
Technology
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Custom Post Types
A introductory guide to WordPress Custom Post Types. Presented at WordCamp Sheffield 2014
Jenny Wong
April 26, 2014
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Transcript
Hello WC Shef+ield! Jenny Wong : Web Developer : @miss_jwo
Custom Post Types Jenny Wong : Web Developer : @miss_jwo
Fast Talker Feel free to ask me to slow down.
Its good for me.
Content The most important thing about a site.
Post Types WordPress deals with all the different type of
content by de+ining them based on what they are. ! The de+initions are called Post Types.
Post Types ! •Post •Page •Attachments •Revision
•Nav Menus } Defaults
Custom Post Types CPT for short.
Post Types ! •Post •Page •Attachments •Revision
•Nav Menus
Custom Post Types • Post • Page •
Attachments • Revision • Nav Menus •News •Staff … anything from Jen’s head
Why?
Advantages •Hides content from the default query •Management of
content is easier •Improved user interface & usability •The ability to use custom templates
Disadvantages •Performance issue with querying a large table
•If content doesn’t easily +it the post type tables then issues can occur.
Where do CPTs live? The Options
Theme •CPT attached to the theme •Activate Theme &
CPT will appear •Deactivate theme: • User cannot access their CPT data • Data still stored in the database
Plugin • Functionality is separate to the design of
the website •Can activate new theme without functionality disappearing •Plugins can be deactivated
Must Use Plugin mu plugin for short.
Must Use Plugin
Must Use Plugin https://codex.wordpress.org/Must_Use_Plugins
The Code
Register New CPT
Register New CPT <?php ! ! register_post_type( $post_type, $args );!
! $post_type! - Name of post type! $args! ! ! -! An array of arguments.! ! ! ! !
Register New CPT <?php ! ! register_post_type( $post_type, $args );!
! $post_type! - Name of post type! $args! ! ! -! An array of arguments.! ! Full arguments list: ! https://codex.wordpress.org/Function_Reference/register_post_type#Arguments! ! !
CPT in action <?php ! ! function cpt_wcsheff () {!
! ! $args = array( … );! ! ! register_post_type(‘speakers’, $args );! ! }! ! add_action( 'init','cpt_wcsheff');! !
Categories & Tags
Categories & Tags ! Default taxonomy: • category
• post_tag
Categories & Tags function cpt_wcsheff () {! ! …! !
register_post_type(‘speakers’, $args );! ! ! register_taxonomy_for_object_type( ! ! ! 'category', 'speakers' ! ! );! ! ! register_taxonomy_for_object_type( ! ! ! 'post_tag', 'speakers' ! ! );! }!
Custom Taxonomies
Custom Category $post_types = array(‘speakers’);! ! $category_args = array(! !
'hierarchical' => true ! );! ! register_taxonomy( ! ! 'custom_cat', ! ! $post_types,! ! $category_args! );! !
Custom Tag $post_types = array(‘speakers’);! ! $category_args = array(! !
'hierarchical' => false ! );! ! register_taxonomy( ! ! 'custom_tag', ! ! $post_types,! ! $category_args! );! !
Custom Taxonomies https://codex.wordpress.org/ Function_Reference/register_taxonomy
Templating
Custom Templates ! archive-‐$post_type.php archive.php ! single-‐$post_type.php
single.php ! taxonomy-‐$taxonomy-‐$term.php taxonomy-‐$taxonomy.php taxonomy.php
Condition Tags ! is_post_type_hierarchical( $post_type ); ! is_post_type_archive( $post_type
); ! post_type_exists( $post_type ) ; !
Common Issues
Permalinks URL that points to a particular location !
http://codex.wordpress.org/Using_Permalinks
Permalinks Issue: 404 error on a single CPT page
Flushing Permalinks ATTENTION: You should *NEVER EVER* do this on
every page load!!
Flushing in a plugin function cpt_wcsheff() {! register_post_type( ... );!
}! ! ! function my_rewrite_flush() {! cpt_wcsheff();! flush_rewrite_rules();! }! ! ! register_activation_hook( ! ! __FILE__, ! ! 'my_rewrite_flush' ! );! ! !
Flushing in a theme function cpt_wcsheff() {! register_post_type( ... );!
}! ! ! function cpt_wcsheff_rewrite_flush() {! flush_rewrite_rules();! }! ! add_action( ! ! 'after_switch_theme', ! 'cpt_wcsheff_rewrite_flush' ! );! ! !
Permalinks https://codex.wordpress.org/Function_Reference/ register_post_type#Flushing_Rewrite_on_Activation
Slugs
Slugs ! example.com/permalinks/slugs ! example.com/slugs !
CPT Naming
CPT Naming Permalink Structure: ! $custom_post_type =
‘wc_shef+ield’; $custon_tax = ‘wc_shef+ield’; ! example.com/$custom_post_type/post_slug ! example.com/$custom_tax/another_slug
Questions?
Ask me later Jenny Wong : Web Developer : @miss_jwo