A N I N D I A N O C E A N P A C I F I C O C E A N A T L A N T I C O C E A N A R C T I C O C E A N MEDITERRANEAN SEA BLACK SEA CASPIAN SEA Mandu Mandu Creek rock shelter with shell-bead necklace Apollo 11 Cave painted plaquettes Border Cave engraved pieces of wood and bone Nswatugi Cave Zimbabwe palette Patne engraved ostrich eggshell Aq Kupruq carved stone head Mal‘ta Mezin Dolní Vestonice ˇ Dolní Vestonice Pavlov Willendorf Galgenberg Vogelherd ohlenstein-Stadel Le Trou Magrite Geissenklösterle Sungir Kostienki Tolbaga bone figurine Brno ˇ Predmostí Avdeevo Blombos Cave incised rocks Pedra Furada rock shelter; fallen fragments of painted wall Arnhem Land shelters with abundant ochre Tanzania shelters with ochre pencils and palettes Sandy Creek 2 / Walkunder Arch rock shelter with paintings Olary/Wharton Hill Koonalda Cave finger markings on ceilings and walls Carpenter‘s Gap rock shelter with fallen fragments of painted wall N O R T H A M E R I C A S O U T H A M E R I C A MESOAMERICA B E R I N G I A NEW GUINEA JAVA BOR NEO SUMATRA PHILIPPINES mammoth ibex horse reindeer ed deer bison giant sloth kangaroo eland antelope cape buffalo JAPAN GREENLAND C H I N A AUSTRALIA A F R I C A A S I A S I B E R I A E U R O P E N 0 0 2400 miles 3600 kms I N D I A N O C E A N P A C I F I C O C E A N A T L A N T I C O C E A N A R C T I C O C E A N CK A CASPIAN SEA Mandu Mandu Creek rock shelter with shell-bead necklace Border Cave engraved pieces of wood and bone watugi Cave mbabwe palette Patne engraved ostrich eggshell Aq Kupruq carved stone head Mal‘ta in e e Sungir Kostienki Tolbaga bone figurine Avdeevo Pedra Furada rock shelter; fallen fragments of painted wall Arnhem Land shelters with abundant ochre Tanzania shelters with ochre pencils and palettes Sandy Creek 2 / Walkunder Arch rock shelter with paintings Olary/Wharton Hill Koonalda Cave finger markings on ceilings and walls Carpenter‘s Gap rock shelter with fallen fragments of painted wall N O R T H A M E R I C A S O U T H A M E R I C A MESOAMERICA B E R I N G I A NEW GUINEA JAVA BOR NEO SUMATRA PHILIPPINES mammoth ibex bison giant sloth kangaroo JAPAN GREENLAND C H I N A AUSTRALIA A S I A S I B E R I A 2400 miles 00 kms 1 Palaeolithic Art coastline at height of last Ice Age, c. 20,000 years ago greatest extent of ice cover tundra steppe forest tropical forest desert main routes of colonization using land bridges parietal art find site portable art find site dominant animal, source of food and materials 2VR$ 59R$ 25R$ V5R$ 59R$ V9R$ J9R$ !"#$Q)C'&.=B$=A$Q=<#'B$K@?&B*$
National Gallery, London. Wall painting with horses, rhinoceroses, and aurochs, Chauvet Cave, Vallon-Pont-d’Arc, Ardeche Gorge, France, c.32,000-30,000 BCE (See 1-10).
Mekong Yangtze Yellow R. Indus Tigris Danube PA C I F I C O C E A N A T L A N T I C O C E A N ATLANTIC OCEAN I N D I A N O C E A N ARABIAN SEA ROCKY MTS AND ES HIMALAYAS N.AMERICA EUROPE AFRICA ASIA CHINA JAPAN R U S S I A INDIA ARABIA AUSTRALIA S.AMERICA c.3500 BC c.4500 BC c.4500 BC c.1000 BC c.8000 BC c.2000 BC c.2600 BC c.2600 BC c.300 BC c.3000 BC c.5500 BC c.6500 BC c.2500 BC c.2800 BC c.2500 BC pre-3000 BC c.3500 BC c.3500 BC N 0 0 2000 miles 3000 kms 1 The Origins of Agriculture areas where agriculture first emerged adoption of the plough, with date limit of plough agriculture !"#$X#=()+")6$,a#>=(@.=B/$
40˚ 38˚ 36˚ 34˚ 32˚ 30˚ Akyu Tanabatake Ikawazu Shakado Awazu Jinnai Shigasato Yoshigo Kashihara Butsunami Kitamura Togari-ishi Arayashiki Ohatadai Komakino Sugizawadai Teraji Kinsei Horinouchi Nakasawame Satohama Omori Kasori Ogyozuka Chikamori Torihama Mawaki Minamikata Maeike Kuwagaishimo Tsukumo Yamaga Ataka Yaze Fudodo Unggi Negoyadai Yoksam-dong Oksong-ni Yangpyong-ni Ubayama Kazahari Korekawa Nirakubo Oyu Nishida Chiamigaito Sakuramachi Miharada Higashi-Kushiro Hamanasuno Sannai Maruyama Bibi Kashiwagi B Hupo-ri Mimanda Higashibaru Kyo-dong Amsa-dong Osan-ni Sinmae-ri Kumgang-ni Tosong-ni Mizonoguchi Naepyong-ni Kungsan-ni Soktal-li Simchol-li Namgyong Songgu-ni Chitam-ni Chonjin-dong Hogok-dong Kuksong-dong Hunnam-ni Song-Do Changchon-ni Naju Sougam-dong Taegong-ni Taepyong-ni Mugye-ri Sangnodae-Do Hwangsong-ni Suga-ri Yongsangong Tongsam-dong Tadaepo Tongnae Imbul-li Shinam-ni Taehuksan-do Songgung-ni Namsong-ni Sogong-ni Yangul-li Naedong-ni Undae-ri Choji-ri Kimpo Nongpo-dong Sopohang Naktong-gang Shi nano-gawa Han-gang Imjin-gang L. Biwa Osumi-shoto Oki-gunto Izu-shoto Sado Cheju-do Tsushima P A C I F I C O C E A N S E A O F J A P A N S E A O F O K H O T S K T I A R T S A E R O K NANGNIM-SANM AEK SOBAEK-SANMAEK TAEBAEK SANMAEK HONSHU HOKKAIDO SHIKOKU KYUSHU KOREA JAPAN C H I N A N 0 0 200 miles 300 kms 2 The Forager Communities of Japan and Korea, 6000-500 BC important settlements settlements with large buildings cemeteries burials cist burials stone circles and standing stones waterlogged sites shell middens sites with figurines sites with face masks sites with lacquer sites with bronze rice cultivation millet cultivation Japanese sites, 6000-500 BC Korean sites, 6000-2000 BC Korean sites, 2000-500 BC sources of obsidian and greenstone ancient coastline 2 A SERIES OF RELATIVELY SEDENTARY CULTURES, with no clearly institutionalized social hierarchies, was well- established across the Korean peninsula and Japanese archipelago by 5000 BC. While these communities show clearly localized developments in their material culture, they were not totally isolated, as shown by shared pottery styles. There was also some contact between the peninsula and archipelago, as shown by Jomon pottery sherds and by obsidian from Korean Neolithic coastal sites and influences from the peninsula on some Jomon pottery styles. Resistance to change from outside, however, is suggested by the relatively late arrival of metallurgy and agriculture in the region. DECORATING THE BODY was important in Jomon times. Elaborate pottery ear ornaments became especially popular in the Kanto region of Honshu in the final stage of the Jomon period. Over 1000 ear ornaments were discovered at Chiamigaito in central Honshu, indicating they were produced in a specialist workshop. Large numbers of ear ornaments are only found at a few sites, although strikingly similar designs are found from sites separated by long distances. These ornaments were made from specially selected clay and are sometimes decorated with red pigments. They belong to a tradition of ear ornaments that extends back to 5000 BC. monstrated g from ukumo and curred at ed by orn in a ay have uggesting own from a e umbers of ed. , notably orate ch were ndicates that ed among uction of ne and ability to onuments, ments of at Komakino, ant st a concern and the to have been ts of lysis of the suggests ation of and 7 which ce for Jomon terlogged material perished. fore 5000 BC, gree of nvironment, r requires a mmediately ree and its ;=@B+#'3#M&?0(#W$j=?=B$j&0&B$
example of characteristic pottery natural resources: cold deciduous forest evergreen broad-leaf forest warm deciduous forest wild boar deer sea lion seal salmon acorns chestnut walnuts buckeyes g e t p t c w c i s w t w s c m d t c m c s d c L a k a d o 141˚ 135˚ 129˚ 40˚ 36˚ 32˚ 28˚ 44˚ 147˚ Sobata Taishakukyo Torihama Togari-ishi Okinohara Natsushima Kamo Hamanasuno Tokoro S E A O F J A PA N Osumi-Shoto PA C I F I C O C E A N KOREA STRAIT S H I K O K U H O N S H U H O K K A I D O K Y U S H U J A PA N C H I N A K O R E A N 0 0 200 miles 300 kms 1 THE DIVERSITY of forested environments that supported a rich array of wild food resources across the Japanese archipelago was matched by a multitude of local pottery styles.
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