Republic to Empire

Transcript

1. Roman  Art:    
   From  Republic  to  Empire  
   Reading:  
   Stokstad,  166-­‐176  
    
   Range:  
   510  BCE-­‐14  CE  
   Republic  and  Imperial  
    
   Terms/Concepts:  
   La?um,  republic,  senate,  
   verism,  patrician,  plebian,  
   oligarchy,  triumvirate,    
   Augustus,  princeps,  ara,  
   suovetauralia,    
   Key  Monuments:  
     6-­‐14,  Patrician  Carrying  Two  
   Portrait  Heads,  Roman  
   Empire,  c.  late  1st  century  
   BCE  or  early  1st  century  CE.    
     6-­‐15,  Portrait  of  Aulus  
   Metellus  (“the  Orator”),  
   Roman  Republican,  early  1st  
   century  BCE  
     6-­‐19,  The  Augustus  
   Primaporta,  Roman  
   Imperial,  1st  century  CE  
     6-­‐20,  Ara  Pacis  Augustae  
   (Altar  of  Augustan  Peace).  
   Roman  Empire  13-­‐9  BCE.    
   

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2. ★Rome is known fundamentally as an urban civilization
   

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3. Founda?on  Myth:  Romulus  and  Remus  
   

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9. “For  whenever  one  of  the  leading  men  amongst  [the  
   Romans]  dies….they  place  a  likeness  of  the  dead  
   man  in  the  most  public  part  of  the  house,  keeping  it  
   in  a  small  wooden  shrine.    The  likeness  is  a  mask  
   especially  made  for  a  close  resemblance…And  
   whenever  a  leading  member  of  the  family  dies,  they  
   introduce  [the  wax  masks],  into  the  funeral  
   procession,  pu[ng  them  on  men  who  seem  most  
   like  them  in  height  and  as  regards  the  rest  of  their  
   general  appearance….It  is  not  easy  for  an  ambi?ous  
   and  high-­‐minded  young  man  to  see  a  finer  spectacle  
   than  this.    For  those  who  would  not  be  won  over  at  
   the  sight  of  all  the  masks  together  of  those  men  who  
   had  been  extolled  for  virtue  as  if  they  were  alive  and  
   breathing.”  –Polybius  (History  of  Rome)    
   

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12. Jean-Léon Gérôme. The Death of Caesar. 1859-67. Oil on canvas, 2`4z x
    4`11z. Walters Art Museum, Baltimore.
    

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24. Campus  Mar?us  
    

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25. Augustus of Primaporta. Copy of a bronze
    original of c.20 BCE. Marble, height 6`8z.
    Vatican Museums, Rome. (Stokstad 6-18)
    

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37. Whether  a  man  aspires  to  the  prize  of  Olympia's  palm  and  breed  
    horses,  or  rears  bullocks,  strong  for  the  plough,  let  his  chief  care  be  
    to  choose  the  mold  of  the  dams.  The  best-­‐formed  cow  is  fierce-­‐
    looking,  her  head  ugly,  her  neck  thick,  and  her  dewlaps  hanging  
    down  from  chin  to  legs.  Moreover,  her  long  flank  has  no  limit;  all  
    points  are  large,  even  the  feet;  and  under  the  crooked  horns  are  
    shaggy  ears.  Nor  should  I  dislike  one  marked  with  white  spots,  or  
    impa?ent  of  the  yoke,  at  ?mes  fierce  with  the  horn,  and  more  like  a  
    bull  in  face;  tall  throughout,  and  she  steps  sweeping  her  footprints  
    with  the  tail's  ?p.  The  age  to  bear  motherhood  and  lawful  wedlock  
    ends  before  the  tenth  year,  and  begins  ader  the  fourth;  the  rest  of  
    their  life  is  neither  fit  for  breeding  nor  strong  for  the  plough.  
    Mean?me,  while  lusty  youth  s?ll  abides  in  the  herds,  let  loose  the  
    males;  be  first  to  send  your  caele  to  mate,  and  supply  stock  ader  
    stock  by  breeding.  Life's  fairest  days  are  ever  the  first  to  flee  for  
    hapless  mortals;  on  creep  diseases,  and  sad  age,  and  suffering;  and  
    stern  death's  ruthlessness  sweeps  away  its  prey.  
    -­‐-­‐Virgil,  The  Georgics  
    

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41. Oikoumene
    

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