Static Linux SDK を使った Linux アプリ開発を始めよう！

Chiba.swift #2 にて発表

WWDC24 にて Apple に発表された Static Linux SDK を説明及びパフォーマンスの検証等を行った資料

- Swift 6.0.1
- Docker
- aarch64

Source code: https://github.com/nnsnodnb/chiba-swift-static-linux-sdk-presentation

Transcript

1. Static Linux SDK Λ࢖ͬͨ Linux ΞϓϦ։ൃΛ࢝ΊΑ͏ʂ Let’s start Linux app development using the "Static Linux SDK"! Chiba.swift #2
2. ΞδΣϯμ Agenda ͓લ୭Α (ࣗݾ঺հ) Static Linux SDK ʹ͍ͭͯ ಈతϦϯΫɾ੩తϦϯΫʹ͍ͭͯ ύϑΥʔϚϯεݕূ ·ͱΊ ࢀߟ ँࣙ 1
3. ͓લ୭Α Who am I খઘͻ΍͔͠ My name is Yuya Oka. ͜ΜͳΞΠίϯͰ΍ͬͯΔΑ Twitterʢݱ 𝕏ʣ GitHub ଞɿ@nnsnodnb iOSΞϓϦΤϯδχΞΛҾୀͨ͠ϓϩμΫτΤϯδχΞ I'm no longer an iOS apps engineer. ઍ༿ݝദࢢएࣲʹॅΜͰ͍·ͨ͠ I lived in Wakashiba Kashiwa-city, Chiba. ϑϥʔגࣜձࣾ͞ΜͰಇ͍͍ͯ·ͨ͠ I worked at Fuller. Inc. 2
4. ϑϥʔͷօ͞Μ͓ٱ͠ͿΓͰ͢ Long time no see, everyone at Fuller. 3
5. લճͷSwift for Linuxʂ Linux support until now. Linux޲͚ʹϏϧυ Build for Linux $ mkdir hello && cd hello $ swift package init --type executable Creating executable package: hello Creating Package.swift Creating .gitignore Creating Sources/ Creating Sources/main.swift $ swift build Building for debugging... [8/8] Linking hello Build complete! (1.18s) 4
6. લճͷSwift for Linuxʂ Linux support until now. Linux޲͚ʹϏϧυ Build for Linux $ mkdir hello && cd hello $ swift package init --type executable Creating executable package: hello Creating Package.swift… $ swift build Building for debugging... [8/8] Linking hello… $ file .build/debug/hello .build/debug/hello: ELF 64-bit LSB pie executable, ARM aarch64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib/ld-linux-aarch64.so.1, for GNU/Linux 3.7.0, with debug_info, not stripped 4
7. લճͷSwift for Linuxʂ Linux support until now. Swift ϥϯλΠϜͳ͠ͷUbuntuͰ࣮ߦ Runs on Ubuntu without Swift runtime. $ docker cp f95bff9ca073:/hello/.build/debug/hello ./hello Successfully copied 78.8kB to /Users/nnsnodnb/hello $ docker run --rm -t -v $(pwd)/hello:/hello ubuntu:24.04 /hello /hello: error while loading shared libraries: libswiftSwiftOnoneSupport.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory 4
8. Static Linux SDKʹ͍ͭͯ About "Static Linux SDK" WWDC24ʹͯൃද͞ΕͨLinux޲͚ϓϩάϥϜͷ׬શ੩తϦϯΫΛՄೳͱ͢Δ The announcement made at WWDC24 allows for fully statically linked for Linux programs. $ swift sdk install <URL> [--checksum <checksum>] $ swift build --swift-sdk x86_64-swift-linux-musl $ swift build --swift-sdk aarch64-swift-linux-musl 5
9. Static Linux SDKʹ͍ͭͯ About "Static Linux SDK" 5
10. ಈతϦϯΫɾ੩తϦϯΫ Dynamic Linking / Static Linking ͕࣌ؒ଍Γͳ͍ͷͰΊͬͪΌ؆୯ʹ... I don't have enough time, so I'll make it super simple... 6
11. ಈతϦϯΫɾ੩తϦϯΫ Dynamic Linking / Static Linking ಈతϦϯΫʢDynamic Linkingʣ ࣮ߦ࣌ʹඞཁͳϥΠϒϥϦ΍ϞδϡʔϧΛϦϯΫͯ͠ىಈ Linking and launching the necessary libraries and modules at runtime. CocoaPods͸جຊͪ͜Β͕࢖༻͞ΕΔʢuse_frameworks!ʣ CocoaPods is generally used here. ࣮ߦόΠφϦ͕খ͍͞ The executable binary is small. ಈతϥΠϒϥϦΛΠϯετʔϧ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ It’s necessary to install dynamic libraries. 6
12. ಈతϦϯΫɾ੩తϦϯΫ Dynamic Linking / Static Linking ੩తϦϯΫʢStatic Linkingʣ Ϗϧυ࣌ʹඞཁͳϥΠϒϥϦ΍ϞδϡʔϧΛϦϯΫͯ͠੒Ռ෺Λੜ੒ Linking the required libraries and modules during the build process to generate product. Swift Package Manager͸جຊͪ͜Β͕࢖༻͞ΕΔ Swift Package Manager is generally used here. ࣮ߦόΠφϦ͕େ͖͍ The executable binary is large. ಈతϥΠϒϥϦΛΠϯετʔϧ͢Δඞཁ͕ͳ͍ It’s not necessary to install dynamic libraries. 6
13. ಈతϦϯΫɾ੩తϦϯΫ Dynamic Linking / Static Linking ಈతϦϯΫͷόΠφϦαΠζ Binary size of Dynamic Linking $ ls -sh .build/debug/hello 76K .build/debug/hello 6
14. ಈతϦϯΫɾ੩తϦϯΫ Dynamic Linking / Static Linking ੩తϦϯΫͷόΠφϦαΠζ Binary size of Static Linking $ ls -sh .build/debug/hello 41M .build/debug/hello 6
15. ύϑΥʔϚϯεݕূͷલʹ... Before performance testing. 7
16. Static Linux SDK͕ೖͬͨDockerΠϝʔδ΄͍͠ͳʔ I want Docker images with a "Static Linux SDK" included. Static Linux SDK ؚ͕·Εͨ Docker Πϝʔδ͕΄͍͠ I want Docker image that includes the Static Linux SDK. Θ͔ΔŊ ࣗ࡞ͨ͠ I know. I made one myself. @arasan01_me ఱ࠽ Genius. ΞϩέʔλΛmuslඪ४͔Βmimallocʹͨ͠΍ͭ΋ศར The one that switches the allocator from the musl default to mimalloc is also convenient. @arasan01_me https://x.com/nnsnodnb/status/1843598365839491082 ຊਓ͔Β࢖༻ڐ୚ࡁΈʢThanks @arasan01_meʣ 7
17. $ docker pull ghcr.io/arasan01/swift:6.0.1-noble-musl-basic-linux-sdk https://github.com/arasan01/swift-linux-sdk-cutomallocator/pkgs/container/swift 7
18. ύϑΥʔϚϯεݕূ Performance testing 1. ಈతϦϯΫ Dynamic Linking $ time .build/debug/hello Hello, world! real 0m0.005s user 0m0.002s sys 0m0.003s 2. ੩తϦϯΫ Static Linking $ time .build/debug/hello Hello, world! real 0m0.002s user 0m0.000s sys 0m0.002s 8
19. ύϑΥʔϚϯεݕূ ver.2 Performance testing ver.2 ͦΜͳΜ͡Όݕূͨ͜͠ͱʹͳΒͳ͍Ͱ͠ΐʁ Not enough? 9
20. ύϑΥʔϚϯεݕূ ver.2 Performance testing ver.2 VaporͰݕূ͠Α͏ Let’s test it with Vapor. # Vapor create $ vapor new hello -n # Build $ swift build -c release [--swift-sdk aarch64-swift-linux-musl] # Benchmark (4 threads 128 connections 5 secs) $ wrk -t 4 -c 128 -d 5 http://127.0.0.1:8080 9
21. ύϑΥʔϚϯεݕূ ver.2 Performance testing ver.2 1. ಈతϦϯΫ Dynamic Linking Running 10s test @ http://127.0.0.1:8080 4 threads and 128 connections Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev Latency 11.05ms 34.23ms 613.21ms 98.50% Req/Sec 4.29k 501.65 5.15k 96.46% 156876 requests in 10.06s, 22.29MB read Requests/sec: 15595.64 Transfer/sec: 2.22MB 2. ੩తϦϯΫ Static Linking Running 10s test @ http://127.0.0.1:8080 4 threads and 128 connections Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev Latency 18.51ms 36.18ms 582.17ms 98.25% Req/Sec 2.19k 272.25 3.35k 96.20% 80459 requests in 10.08s, 11.43MB read Requests/sec: 7980.65 Transfer/sec: 1.13MB 9
22. ύϑΥʔϚϯεݕূ ver.2 Performance testing ver.2 1. ಈతϦϯΫ Dynamic Linking Running 10s test @ http://127.0.0.1:8080 4 threads and 128 connections Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev Latency 11.05ms 34.23ms 613.21ms 98.50% Req/Sec 4.29k 501.65 5.15k 96.46% 156876 requests in 10.06s, 22.29MB read Requests/sec: 15595.64 Transfer/sec: 2.22MB 2. ੩తϦϯΫ Static Linking Running 10s test @ http://127.0.0.1:8080 4 threads and 128 connections Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev Latency 18.51ms 36.18ms 582.17ms 98.25% Req/Sec 2.19k 272.25 3.35k 96.20% 80459 requests in 10.08s, 11.43MB read Requests/sec: 7980.65 Transfer/sec: 1.13MB 9
23. ύϑΥʔϚϯεݕূ ver.2 Performance testing ver.2 ͳΜ͔ཉ͍݁͠Ռ͸ಘΒΕ·ͤΜͰͨ͠Ͷ I didn’t get the desired result. 9
24. ύϑΥʔϚϯεݕূ ver.2 Performance testing ver.2 mimalloc ͱ͍͏ Microsoft ͕։ൃΛ͍ͯ͠ΔΞϩέʔλʔΛ࢖༻ͯ͠Έͨ৔߹ When I tried using mimalloc, an allocator developed by Microsoft 1. ಈతϦϯΫ Dynamic Linking Running 10s test @ http://127.0.0.1:8080 4 threads and 128 connections Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev Latency 11.05ms 34.23ms 613.21ms 98.50% Req/Sec 4.29k 501.65 5.15k 96.46% 156876 requests in 10.06s, 22.29MB read Requests/sec: 15595.64 Transfer/sec: 2.22MB 2. ੩తϦϯΫ Static Linking (mimalloc) Running 10s test @ http://127.0.0.1:8080 4 threads and 128 connections Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev Latency 10.83ms 33.36ms 603.73ms 98.78% Req/Sec 4.23k 485.55 5.06k 97.28% 154832 requests in 10.04s, 22.00MB read Requests/sec: 15417.36 Transfer/sec: 2.19MB 10
25. ·ͱΊ Wrap up Static Linux SDKͷಋೖ͸؆୯ Introducing the Static Linux SDK is easy. Alpine LinuxͷΑ͏ͳܰྔͳ؀ڥͰ΋࣮ߦͰ͖Δ It can run even in lightweight environments like Alpine Linux. ඞͣ͠΋ಈతϦϯΫΑΓύϑΥʔϚϯε͕ྑ͍Θ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͍ It doesn’t necessarily offer better performance than dynamic linking. Swift ϥϯλΠϜͳ͠Ͱ࣮ߦόΠφϦΛ഑෍Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ We can distribute the executable binary without Swift runtime. 11
26. ͓·͚ Extra GolangͰͷ৔߹ʢ੩తϦϯΫʣ In the case of Golang (Static Link) $ cat main.go package main import "fmt" func main() { fmt.Println("Hello, world!") } $ CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build $ ls -sh hello 2.1M hello 12
27. ͓·͚ Extra GolangͰͷ৔߹ʢ੩తϦϯΫʣ In the case of Golang (Static Link) Running 10s test @ http://127.0.0.1:8080 4 threads and 128 connections Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev Latency 6.51ms 34.05ms 573.51ms 98.67% Req/Sec 10.50k 1.17k 11.86k 96.74% 385676 requests in 10.07s, 46.71MB read Requests/sec: 38300.46 Transfer/sec: 4.64MB ଎͗ͨ͢ɻൺֱͨ͠ͷΛޙչͨ͠ɻ Too fast. I regret comparing them. 12
28. ࢀߟ References 1. Swiftͷ৽ػೳ https://developer.apple.com/jp/videos/play/wwdc2024/10136/ 2. Getting Started with the Static Linux SDK https://www.swift.org/documentation/articles/static-linux-getting-started.html 13
29. ँࣙ Acknowledgements Fuller. Inc. https://www.fuller-inc.com @arasan01_me https://x.com/arasan01_me mtj0928/SlideGen https://github.com/mtj0928/SlideGen mtj0928/SlideKit https://github.com/mtj0928/SlideKit arasan01/swift-linux-sdk-cutomallocator https://github.com/arasan01/swift-linux-sdk-cutomallocator 14
30. Static Linux SDK Λ࢖ͬͨ Linux ΞϓϦ։ൃΛ࢝ΊΑ͏ʂ Let’s start Linux app development using the "Static Linux SDK"! Chiba.swift #2 Thank you Slide Source: https://github.com/nnsnodnb/chiba-swift-static-linux-sdk-presentation 15