NHK カルチャー講義（第１回）

NHK カルチャー講義「惑星科学最前線 ～太陽系誕生の謎～」の第１回目の講義資料です。

Transcript

1. 2016೥1݄31೔ɹNHKΧϧνϟʔകాڭࣨ ࿭੕Պֶ࠷લઢ ɹʙଠཅܥ஀ੜͷṖʙ ژ౎େֶ Ӊ஦෺ཧֶڭࣨɹࠤʑ໦وڭ
2. ࣗݾ঺հ ⿣ ࠤʑ໦
   وڭʢ͖͞͞
   ͔ͨͷΓʣ
   ⿣ ژ౎େֶɹେֶӃཧֶݚڀՊɹ෺ཧֶɾӉ஦෺ཧֶઐ߈
 Ӊ஦෺ཧֶڭࣨɹॿڭ
   ⿣ ೥݄ʹ౦ژେֶͰֶҐΛऔಘ
   ⿣ ઐ໳͸
   l࿭੕ͷܗ੒ͱਐԽz
   ͷཧ࿦ݚڀ
 ɹ࿭੕ܥ͸ͲͷΑ͏ʹͯ͠࡞ΒΕΔͷ͔
 ɹ࿭੕ܥ͸ͲͷΑ͏ʹਐԽ͍ͯ͘͠ͷ͔
 ɹ զʑ͸Կॲ͔ΒདྷͯԿॲ΁ߦ͘ͷ͔ʁ
   ੜ໋Λ॓͢
   lୈೋͷ஍ٿz
   ͸ଘࡏ͢Δ͔ʁ (c) NASA
3. ߨ࠲ͷ಺༰ ✤ ݱࡏͷଠཅܥͷ࢟
 ɹ8ͭͷ࿭੕ͱͦͷӴ੕ɺͦͯ͠ແ਺ͷখఱମͨͪ ✤ ଠཅܥܗ੒࿦ͷϨϏϡʔ
 ɹඪ४ཧ࿦ʢژ౎Ϟσϧʣͷ֓ཁͱͦͷ֦ுͷྺ࢙ ✤ ܥ֎࿭੕ͷൃݟɺͦͯ͠൚࿭੕ܗ੒ཧ࿦΁
 ɹଟ༷ͳ࿭੕ܥͷ࡞Γํʀୈೋͷ஍ٿ͸ଘࡏ͢Δ͔ʁ
4. ߨ࠲ͷ಺༰ ✤ ݱࡏͷଠཅܥͷ࢟
 ɹ8ͭͷ࿭੕ͱͦͷӴ੕ɺͦͯ͠ແ਺ͷখఱମͨͪ ✤ ଠཅܥܗ੒࿦ͷϨϏϡʔ
 ɹඪ४ཧ࿦ʢژ౎Ϟσϧʣͷ֓ཁͱͦͷ֦ுͷྺ࢙ ✤ ܥ֎࿭੕ͷൃݟɺͦͯ͠൚࿭੕ܗ੒ཧ࿦΁
 ɹଟ༷ͳ࿭੕ܥͷ࡞Γํʀୈೋͷ஍ٿ͸ଘࡏ͢Δ͔ʁ
5. ଠཅܥͷߏ੒ϝϯόʔͷ঺հ
6. ଠཅܥͷߏ੒ϝϯόʔ ஍ٿܕ࿭੕
   ɹɹਫ੕
   ɹɹۚ੕
   ɹɹ஍ٿ
   ɹɹՐ੕ ڊେΨε࿭੕
   ɹɹɹ໦੕
   ɹɹɹ౔੕ ڊେණ࿭੕
   ɹɹఱԦ੕
   ɹɹւԦ੕ খఱମʢখ࿭੕
   ଠཅܥ֎ԑఱମ
   ΦʔϧτͷӢʣ (c) ikachi.org
7. ֤ఱମͷيಓ ᯁੴͷ฼ఱମ ୹पظክ੕ͷ૥ (c) wakatsuki
8. ͞Βʹԕ͘·Ͱ޿͕Δଠཅܥ ʮΦʔϧτͷӢʯ ௕पظክ੕ͷ૥ ʹ ఱจ୯Ґʢ"6ʣ
   ଠཅ͔Β஍ٿ·Ͱͷڑ཭
   ʢ໿ԯສLNʣ (c) http://kahaku.go.jp
9. 
   ֤ఱମͷಛ௃ͷ·ͱΊ
   ʢલฤʣ
10. ଠཅܥͷߏ੒ϝϯόʔ ஍ٿܕ࿭੕
    ɹɹਫ੕
    ɹɹۚ੕
    ɹɹ஍ٿ
    ɹɹՐ੕ ڊେΨε࿭੕
    ɹɹɹ໦੕
    ɹɹɹ౔੕ ڊେණ࿭੕
    ɹɹఱԦ੕
    ɹɹւԦ੕ খఱମʢখ࿭੕
    ଠཅܥ֎ԑఱମ
    ΦʔϧτͷӢʣ (c) ikachi.org
11. ਫ੕ (c) Wikipedia
12. ਫ੕ ɾଠཅܥͰ࠷΋খ͞ͳ࿭੕
    ɾଠཅ͔Βͷڑ཭ɿ"6
    ɾ൒ܘɿLNʢ஍ٿͷഒʣ
    ɾ࣭ྔɿºLHʢ஍ٿͷഒʣ
    ɾԹ౓ɿˆ ໷ ʙˆ ன
    ɾ݄ʹࣅͨΫϨʔλʔʹ෴ΘΕͨ஍ܗ
    ɾڊେͳۚଐ֩Λ͍࣋ͬͯΔ
    ɾ࣓৔Λ͍࣋ͬͯΔʢ੒Ҽ͸ະͩෆ໌ʣ
13. ਫ੕ͷΫϨʔλʔ ݄ͷΫϨʔλʔ ΫϨʔλʔɿᯁੴͷিಥʹΑͬͯ࡞ΒΕΔԜঢ়ͷ஍ܗ ਫ੕ͷද໘஍ܗ (c) NASA (c) Takayuki Yoshida
14. ۚ੕ (c) Wikipedia
15. ۚ੕ ɾଠཅ͔Βͷڑ཭ɿ"6
    ɾ൒ܘɿLNʢ஍ٿͷഒʣ
    ɾ࣭ྔɿºLHʢ஍ٿͷഒʣ
    ɾԹ౓ͱؾѹɿˆ
    ؾѹ
    ɾେؾ੒෼ɿೋࢎԽ୸ૉ
    ஠ૉ
    ɹɹˠ
    ڧ྽ͳԹࣨޮՌ͕ಇ͍͍ͯΔ
    ɾεʔύʔϩʔςʔγϣϯͱ͍͏ڧ͍෩
    ɾࣗసͷ޲͖͕ଞͷ࿭੕ͱ͸ٯճస
16. ۚ੕େؾͷεʔύʔϩʔςʔγϣϯ ̐೔Ͱۚ੕ΛҰप͢Δߴ଎ͷ෩͕ਧ͍͍ͯΔ
    ʢ෩଎
    LNIɿࣗసͷ໿ഒͷ଎౓ʣ ݪҼ͸ະͩղ໌͞Ε͓ͯΒͣ
    ۚ੕ͷಾͷҰͭ (c) JAXA
17. ஍ٿ (c) Wikipedia
18. ஍ٿ ɾଠཅ͔Βͷڑ཭ɿԯສLNʢ"6ʣ
    ɾ൒ܘͱ࣭ྔɿLN
    ºLH
    ɾେؾ੒෼ɿ஠ૉ
    ࢎૉ
    ɾଠཅܥͰ།ҰϓϨʔτςΫτχΫε͕ଘࡏ
    ɾ࣓৔Λ͍࣋ͬͯΔʢˠΦʔϩϥ͕ଘࡏʣ
 ɾଠཅܥͰ།Ұ஍ද໘ʹӷମͷਫΛ࣋ͭ
    ɾଠཅܥͰʢ͓ͦΒ͘ʣ།Ұੜ໋͕ଘࡏ
19. ஍ٿͷ಺෦ߏ଄ ಺֩ʢݻମʣ ֎֩ʢӷମʣ Լ෦Ϛϯτϧ ্෦Ϛϯτϧ ஍֪ ஍ද 'F
    
    /J
    ͷ߹ۚ } }͔ΜΒΜؠ
    ًੴ }ݰ෢ؠ
    Ֆቋؠ ஍දɿ
 ෳ਺ͷϓϨʔτ͕ଘࡏ (c) Wikipedia (c) Wikipedia
20. ஍ٿͷւਫྔ
    
    XU (c) USGS
21. ݄ ɾਓྨ͕߱Γཱͬͨ།Ұͷ஍ٿ֎ఱମ
    ɾ஍ٿ͔Βͷڑ཭ɿສLN
    ɾ൒ܘɿLNʢ஍ٿͷഒʣ
    ɾ࣭ྔɿºLHʢ஍ٿͷഒʣ
    ɾ஍ٿʹৗʹಉ͡໘Λ޲͚͍ͯΔ
    ɾද໘͸ແ਺ͷΫϨʔλʔʹ෴ΘΕ͍ͯΔ ද ཪ (c) Wikipedia (c) Takayuki Yoshida
22. ݄୳ࠪػʮ͔͙΍ʯ ೥݄
    ଧ্ͪ͛
    ೥݄
    ݄पճيಓ΁౤ೖ
    ೥݄
    ӡ༻ऴྃɾӴ੕ຊମ͸݄΁མԼ ݄ͷৄࡉͳσʔλ΍ߴղ૾౓ͷը૾ɾಈըΛऔಘ (c) JAXA
24. Ր੕ (c) Wikipedia
25. Ր੕ ɾଠཅ͔Βͷڑ཭ɿ"6
    ɾ൒ܘɿLNʢ஍ٿͷഒʣ
    ɾ࣭ྔɿºLHʢ஍ٿͷഒʣ
    ɾԹ౓ͱؾѹɿˆ
    ؾѹ
    ɾେؾ੒෼ɿೋࢎԽ୸ૉ
    ஠ૉ
    ɾਫͱೋࢎԽ୸ૉͷණ͔Β੒Δۃף
    ɾೆ๺൒ٿͰେ͖͘ҟͳΔ஍ܗͷಛ௃
    ɾաڈʹਫ͕ྲྀΕͨͱࢥΘΕΔ஍ܗ͕͋Δ
26. Ր੕ͷ෩ܠ (c) NASA
27. Ր੕ͷೆ๺ඇରশ஍ܗɾۃף ೆۃ ๺ۃ (c) NASA
28. աڈʹਫ͕ྲྀΕͨ੻ʁ (c) NASA
29. Ր੕ʹ͸ݪ࢝ੜ໋͕ଘࡏͨ͠ʁ ੜ෺ͷࠟ੻ʂʁ ೥݄
    Ր੕ᯁੴதͷݪ࢝ੜ໋ମͷࠟ੻͕
    ɹɹɹɹɹ
    
    Պֶࡶࢽʮ4DJFODFʯʹܝࡌ͞ΕΔ ༷ʑͳٞ࿦͕ߦΘΕ͖͕ͯͨɺະͩ݁࿦͸ग़ͣ (c) NASA (c) Wikipedia
30. Breakɿଠཅܥୈ̕࿭੕
31. ਫۚ஍Ր໦౔ఱւ້ (c) NASA
32. ਫۚ஍Ր໦౔ఱւ້ 9 ೥݄೔
    ࠃࡍఱจֶ࿈߹
    *"6
    ૯ձͰʮ࿭੕ͷఆٛʯΛܾఆ
    ɹˠ
    ້Ԧ੕͕࿭੕͔Β֎Ε
    ४࿭੕ͱͳΔ (c) IAU
33. ້Ԧ੕ΑΓେ͖ͳఱମͷൃݟ ೥
    ້Ԧ੕ΑΓେ͖ͳఱମ
    
    
    6#
    ΤϦε
    ͕ൃݟ͞ΕΔ 2400 ୈ࿭੕ʂʁ ʮ࿭੕ͷఆٛʯΛ໌֬ʹ͠Α͏ʂ (c) Frank Bertoldi
34. ᶃ
    ΄΅ٿܗͰ͋Δ
    ᶄ
    ଠཅͷपΓΛճΓ
    ͔ͭ߃੕Ͱ΋Ӵ੕Ͱ΋ͳ͍
    ᶅ
    ͦͷيಓपลͰଞͷఱମΛҰ૟͍ͯ͠Δ ້Ԧ੕
    Χϩϯ
    ΤϦε
    έϨε͸
    ᶅ
    ͷ৚݅Λຬ͍ͨͯ͠ͳ͍ ४࿭੕ʢ%XBSG
    1MBOFUʣ ᶃ
    ΄΅ٿܗͰ͋Δ
    ᶄ
    ଠཅͷपΓΛճΓ
    ͔ͭ߃੕
    ࿭੕
    Ӵ੕Ͱ͸ͳ͍
    ᶅ
    ͦͷيಓपลʹଞͷఱମ͕ଘࡏ͍ͯ͠Δ ৽͍͠ʮ࿭੕ͷఆٛʯ
35. ͭͷ࿭੕ͱͭͷ४࿭੕ ࿭੕ ४࿭੕ ਫ ۚ ஍ Ր ໦ ౔ ఱ ւ ້Ԧ੕ ΤϦε έϨε ϚέϚέ ೥݄ ϋ΢ϝΞ ೥݄   ࠓޙ΋૿͑ΔՄೳੑ͋Γ (c) Wikipedia, NASA
36. (c) Yomiuri Online
37. 
    ֤ఱମͷಛ௃ͷ·ͱΊ
    ʢޙฤʣ
38. ଠཅܥͷߏ੒ϝϯόʔ ஍ٿܕ࿭੕
    ɹɹਫ੕
    ɹɹۚ੕
    ɹɹ஍ٿ
    ɹɹՐ੕ ڊେΨε࿭੕
    ɹɹɹ໦੕
    ɹɹɹ౔੕ ڊେණ࿭੕
    ɹɹఱԦ੕
    ɹɹւԦ੕ খఱମʢখ࿭੕
    ଠཅܥ֎ԑఱମ
    ΦʔϧτͷӢʣ (c) ikachi.org
39. ໦੕ (c) Wikipedia
40. ໦੕ ɾଠཅܥͰ࠷΋େ͖ͳ࿭੕
    ɾଠཅ͔Βͷڑ཭ɿ"6
    ɾ൒ܘɿLNʢ஍ٿͷഒʣ
    ɾ࣭ྔɿºLHʢ஍ٿͷഒʣ
    ɾओʹਫૉͱϔϦ΢Ϝ͔Β੒ΔΨε࿭੕
    ɾද໘ʹେ͖ͳӔʢେ੺ൗʣ͕ݟΒΕΔ
    ɾ̐ͭͷେ͖ͳӴ੕ʢΨϦϨΦӴ੕ʣΛ࣋ͭ
    ɾڧྗͳ࣓৔Λ࣋ͭ
41. ࠁʑͱมԽ͢Δେ੺ൗ ஍ٿdݸ෼
    ߴؾѹੑͷӔ ೥Ҏ্
    ଘࡏ͍ͯ͠Δ (c) Wikipedia (c) NASA
42. ΨϦϨΦӴ੕ ΠΦ Τ΢ϩύ Ψχϝσ ΧϦετ (c) Wikipedia (BMJMFP
    (BMJMFJ ΨϦϨΦɾΨϦϨΠ
    ʢdʣ
43. ΠΦʹ͸׆ൃͳՐࢁ׆ಈ͕ଘࡏ ໦੕΍ଞͷΨϦϨΦӴ੕͔Βͷ
    ைࣚྗ͕ΤωϧΪʔݯ͔ʁ (c) Wikipedia
44. Τ΢ϩύʹ͸஍ٿ֎ੜ໋ͷՄೳੑʁ ಺෦ʹӷମ ঢ় ͷਫΛ࣋ͭ ੜ໋͕ଘࡏ͢Δ͔΋ʂʁ ද໘ͷණʹ͸
    ແ਺ͷͻͼׂΕ͕ଘࡏ (c) Wikipedia (c) NASA
45. ֎ଆͷڊେͳ̎Ӵ੕ ൒ܘɿLN
    ଠཅܥ࠷େͷӴ੕ ൒ܘɿLN
    ಺෦͕ະ෼ԽͳӴ੕ Ψχϝσ ΧϦετ (c) Wikipedia
46. ౔੕ (c) Wikipedia
47. ౔੕ ɾଠཅ͔Βͷڑ཭ɿ"6
    ɾ൒ܘɿLNʢ஍ٿͷഒʣ
    ɾ࣭ྔɿºLHʢ஍ٿͷഒʣ
    ɾओʹਫૉͱϔϦ΢Ϝ͔Β੒ΔΨε࿭੕
    ɾଠཅܥͰ࠷΋ີ౓͕খ͍͞࿭੕
    ɾ໌֬ʹݟ͑Δ؀ʢϦϯάʣΛ࣋ͭ
    ʢ˞ଞͷڊେ࿭੕΋ബ͍؀Λ͍࣋ͬͯΔʣ
    ɾڊେͳӴ੕λΠλϯΛ࣋ͭ
48. ౔੕ͷ؀ʢϦϯάʣ ൃݟ͞Ε͍ͯΔ؀ʢ಺ଆ͔Βॱʹʣ %؀
    $؀
    #؀
    "؀
    '؀
    ɹϠψε
    
    Τϐϝς΢ε؀
    (؀
    &؀
    ύϨω؀ (c) Wikipedia ؀͸ණͱਖͷཻࢠ͔Β੒Δ ౔੕ͷைࣚྗ
    ʼ
    ࣗݾॏྗ
    ͷͨΊʹഁյ͕୎ӽ͢Δ (c) Wikipedia
49. ౔੕୳ࠪػʮΧογʔχʯ ೥݄
    ଧ্ͪ͛
    ೥݄
    ౔੕يಓʹ౤ೖ
    ೥݄
    ɹλΠλϯʹϗΠϔϯε୳ࠪػΛ౤ೖ
    ೥݄·Ͱ୳ࠪΛଓ͚Δ༧ఆ ౔੕ͷͭͷӴ੕ɾͭͷ؀Λ৽͘͠ൃݟ
    ౔੕ͷ؀ͷফࣦݱ৅Λ؍ଌ
    λΠλϯ্Ͱͷ߱Ӎ΍ྲྀਫݱ৅Λ֬ೝ (c) NASA
50. lඒ͗͢͠Δz౔੕ͷ࢟ (c) NASA
51. ౔੕͔Βݟͨ஍ٿͱ݄ (c) NASA
52. Ӵ੕λΠλϯ ӷମϝλϯͷބ͕ଘࡏ ද໘ʹ͸ੴ΍ණմ (c) Wikipedia
53. Ӵ੕Τϯέϥυε ණཻͱਫৠؾ͔ΒͳΔؒܽઘ ӷମͷਫɾ༗ػ୸ૉɾ஠ૉͷଘࡏ͕֬ೝ (c) Wikipedia (c) NASA
54. ଠཅܥͷߏ੒ϝϯόʔ ஍ٿܕ࿭੕
    ɹɹਫ੕
    ɹɹۚ੕
    ɹɹ஍ٿ
    ɹɹՐ੕ ڊେΨε࿭੕
    ɹɹɹ໦੕
    ɹɹɹ౔੕ ڊେණ࿭੕
    ɹɹఱԦ੕
    ɹɹւԦ੕ খఱମʢখ࿭੕
    ଠཅܥ֎ԑఱମ
    ΦʔϧτͷӢʣ (c) ikachi.org
55. ఱԦ੕ɾւԦ੕ (c) Wikipedia
56. ఱԦ੕ɾւԦ੕ ɾଠཅ͔Βͷڑ཭ɿ"6
    ɾ൒ܘɿLNʢ஍ٿͷഒʣ
    ɾ࣭ྔɿºLHʢ஍ٿͷഒʣ
    ɾࣗస͕࣠ԫಓ໘ʹରͯ͠ԣ౗͠ ɾଠཅ͔Βͷڑ཭ɿ"6
    ɾ൒ܘɿLNʢ஍ٿͷഒʣ
    ɾ࣭ྔɿºLHʢ஍ٿͷഒʣ
    ɾද໘ʹେ͖ͳӔʢେ҉ൗʣ͕ݟΒΕͨ ఱ
    Ԧ
    ੕ ւ
    Ԧ
    ੕
57. ଠཅܥͷߏ੒ϝϯόʔ ஍ٿܕ࿭੕
    ɹɹਫ੕
    ɹɹۚ੕
    ɹɹ஍ٿ
    ɹɹՐ੕ ڊେΨε࿭੕
    ɹɹɹ໦੕
    ɹɹɹ౔੕ ڊେණ࿭੕
    ɹɹఱԦ੕
    ɹɹւԦ੕ খఱମʢখ࿭੕
    ଠཅܥ֎ԑఱମ
    ΦʔϧτͷӢʣ (c) ikachi.org
58. খ࿭੕ ϝΠϯϕϧτখ࿭੕
    ɹՐ੕ͱ໦੕ͷؒʹଘࡏ
    τϩϠ܈খ࿭੕
    ɹ໦੕ͷيಓ্ʹଘࡏ ൃݟ͞Εͨ਺͸
    ສݸΛ௒͑Δ ஍ٿʹ߱ͬͯ͘Δᯁੴͷ฼ఱମͩͱߟ͑ΒΕ͍ͯΔ (c) Wikipedia (c) Cornell Univ.
59. খ࿭੕ΠτΧϫͱ୳ࠪػʮ͸΍Ϳ͞ʯ ೥݄
    ଧ্ͪ͛
    ೥Նʙ
    ɹখ࿭੕ΠτΧϫʹ౸ண
    ɹද໘ͷ؍ଌ
    ɹද໘෺࣭ͷࢿྉ࠾औ
    ೥݄
    ஍ٿʹؼؐ
    ೥݄
    ࢿྉத͔ΒඍཻࢠΛݕग़ʂ খ࿭੕΁ͷ౸ண͸޻ֶ࣮ݧ୳ࠪػͱͯ͠ͷշڍ
    খ࿭੕ͷ෺࣭͸ଠཅܥͷಾΛղ͘ݤΛ༩͑Δʂ
60. ͸΍Ϳ͕͞໌Β͔ʹͨ͠ΠτΧϫͷ࢟
61. খ࿭੕ද໘ͷඍཻࢠͷ࠾औʹ੒ޭʂ ඍཻࢠ͔Βখ࿭੕΁ͷ
    ਐԽΛղ͘ݤΛ༩͑ͨ
63. ଠཅܥ֎ԑఱମ
    ʢΤοδϫʔεɾΧΠύʔϕϧτఱମʣ ւԦ੕ͷ֎ଆʹࢄࡏ ້Ԧ੕΋ͦͷҰ෦ ୹पظክ੕ʢ1ʻ೥ʣͷ૥ͩͱߟ͑ΒΕ͍ͯΔ (c) Wikipedia (c) Wikipedia
64. ΦʔϧτͷӢ ௕पظክ੕ʢ1㱢೥ʣͷ૥ͩͱߟ͑ΒΕ͍ͯΔ ଠཅܥΛٿ֪ঢ়ʹऔΓר͘
    Ծ૝తͳఱମ܈ ଠཅ͔Βສʙສ"6ʹ
    ºݸ΄Ͳͷఱମʁ ݱࡏ͸ঢ়گূڌͷΈͰ
    ԾઆͷҬΛग़ͳ͍ଘࡏ (c) kahaku.go.jp
65. ክ੕ (c) Wikipedia
66. ክ੕ μετςΠϧ
    ʢਖͷඌʣ ΠΦϯςΠϧ
    ʢΠΦϯͷඌʣ ֩ɿණͱਖ͕ࠞͬͨ͟մ
    ίϚɿ֩Λ෴͏ബ͍Ψε
    ඌɿଠཅ͔Βͷ์ࣹѹͱ
    ɹɹଠཅ෩ʹΑΓܗ੒ ଠཅܥॳظͷ৘ใΛอ࣋ (c) Wikipedia (c) Wikipedia
67. ଠཅܥͷߏ੒ϝϯόʔ ஍ٿܕ࿭੕
    ɹɹਫ੕
    ɹɹۚ੕
    ɹɹ஍ٿ
    ɹɹՐ੕ ڊେΨε࿭੕
    ɹɹɹ໦੕
    ɹɹɹ౔੕ ڊେණ࿭੕
    ɹɹఱԦ੕
    ɹɹւԦ੕ খఱମʢখ࿭੕
    ଠཅܥ֎ԑఱମ
    ΦʔϧτͷӢʣ (c) ikachi.org