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A Riak Query Tale
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Mathias Meyer
February 01, 2012
Programming
5
990
A Riak Query Tale
An introduction to the abundance of ways you can get data out of Riak.
Mathias Meyer
February 01, 2012
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Transcript
A Riak Query Tale Mathias Meyer, @roidrage NoSQL Cologne
http://riakhandbook.com
Riak Distributed Database Fault-Tolerant Content-Agnostic Scalable on Demand
Querying Data
Key-Value $ curl localhost:8098/riak/users/roidrage
Links $ curl -‐v localhost:8098/riak/users/roidrage < HTTP/1.1 200 OK <
Link: </riak/users/klimpong>; riaktag="friend"
Links $ curl .../riak/users/roidrage/users,friend,_/
Listing Keys $ curl .../riak/users?keys=true
Don’t do that!
Streaming Keys $ curl .../riak/users?keys=stream
Avoid that!
Loads all the keys.
MapReduce
MapReduce Transform (Map) Aggregate (Reduce)
Warning: JavaScript
MapReduce riak.add("users"). map("Riak.mapValues").
run()
MapReduce var nameLength = function(value) { var doc
= Riak.mapValues(value)[0]; return [doc.length]; }
MapReduce riak.add("users"). map(nameLength).
run()
MapReduce riak.add("users"). map(nameLength).
reduce("Riak.reduceSum"). run()
MapReduce var average = function(values) { var avg
= values.reduce(function(n, sum) { return sum += n; }, 0); return [(avg / values.length)]; }
MapReduce riak.add("users"). map(nameLength).
reduce(average). run()
MapReduce riak.add("users"). map(nameLength).
reduce(average). run() Uh-Oh!
MapReduce riak.add(["users", "roidrage"]). map(nameLength).
reduce(average). run() Better!
JavaScript M/R Breaks with Millions of Objects Uses External Libraries
Serializes Data for JavaScript
Warning: Erlang
MapReduce riak.add('tweets'). map({language: 'erlang',
module: 'riak_kv_mapreduce', function: 'map_object_value'}).run()
MapReduce $ riak attach > {ok, C} = riak:local_client().
MapReduce C:mapred([{<<"users">>, <<"roidrage">>}], [{map, {modfun, riak_kv_mapreduce, map_object_value}, none, false}, {reduce,
{modfun, riak_kv_mapreduce, reduce_count_inputs}, none, true}]).
MapReduce ExtractFirstName1 = fun(RObject, _, _) -‐>
Value = riak_object:get_value(RObject), [FirstName, _] = re:split(Value, " "), [FirstName] end.
MapReduce C:mapred([{<<"users">>, <<"roidrage">>}],
[{map, {qfun, ExtractFirstName}, none, true}]).
Erlang M/R Much more efficient than JavaScript No serialization No
ad-hoc functions through HTTP
Key-Filters Reduce MapReduce input Based on key matches
Key-Filters riak.add({bucket: 'users', key_filters: [["matches", "^roid"]]})
Key-Filters riak.add({bucket: 'users', key_filters: [["to_upper"],
["matches", "^ROID"]]})
Key-Filters riak.add({bucket: 'users', key_filters: [["to_upper"],
["to_lower"], ["matches", "^roid"]]})
Key-Filters riak.add({bucket: 'users', key_filters: [["to_upper"],
["ends_with", "RAGE"]]})
Key-Filters riak.add({bucket: 'users', key_filters:
[["and", [["string_to_int"], ["less_than", 10]], [["string_to_int"], ["greater_than", 5]]]]})
Don't use key filters.
Riak 2i Sorted Secondary Indexes Simple Reverse Lookups Maintained Manually
Requires LevelDB
Riak 2i curl -‐X PUT .../riak/users/roidrage -‐d @-‐ \
-‐H "Content-‐Type: text/plain" \ -‐H "X-‐Riak-‐Index-‐firstname_bin: mathias" \ -‐H "X-‐Riak-‐Index-‐lastname_bin: meyer"
Riak 2i X-‐Riak-‐Index-‐firstname_bin: Mathias X-‐Riak-‐Index-‐lastname_bin: Meyer
Riak 2i X-‐Riak-‐Index-‐firstname_bin: Mathias X-‐Riak-‐Index-‐lastname_bin: Meyer X-‐Riak-‐Index-‐age_int: 34
Riak 2i X-‐Riak-‐Index-‐firstname_bin: Mathias X-‐Riak-‐Index-‐lastname_bin: Meyer X-‐Riak-‐Index-‐age_int: 34 X-‐Riak-‐Index-‐topics_bin: nosql,cloud,operations
Riak 2i # Match $ curl .../buckets/users/index/firstname_bin/Mathias
Riak 2i # Range $ curl .../buckets/users/index/firstname_bin/Mathias/Till
Riak 2i # Key $ curl .../buckets/users/index/$key/roidrage
Ordered Keys! (sort of)
MapReduce riak.add({bucket: 'users',
index: 'lastname_bin', key: 'mathias'}). map('Riak.mapValuesJson').run()
Riak 2i No Multi-Index Queries Requires Extra Work in the
App Returns only keys Document-partitioned
Riak Search Full-Text Search Solr-ish Interface Integrates with Riak
Riak Search curl -‐X PUT localhost:8098/riak/users -‐d @-‐ \
-‐H "Content-‐Type: application/json" {"props":{"precommit": [{"mod":"riak_search_kv_hook","fun":"precommit"} ]}}
Indexing Riak Objects curl -‐X PUT .../riak/users/roidrage \
-‐d "Mathias Meyer" -‐H "Content-‐Type: text/plain"
Solr-ish Interface curl .../solr/users/select?q=value:Mathias
Riak Search value:Mathias OR value:Till value:Mathias AND value:Meyer value:Mat* value:[Mathias
TO Till]
MapReduce riak.addSearch("users", "value:Mathias"). map("Riak.mapValues").run()
Riak Search Full text search of structured data Term-partitioned Efficient
for one term queries Multiple Interfaces No Anti-Entropy
When?
Key Listings Never! Almost
MapReduce Analytical Queries Fixed Dataset
Key Filters Never!
Riak 2i Simple Lookups and Range Queries Unbounded Queries Full
Fault-Tolerance
Riak Search Larger documents Full indexing Flexible queries Low frequency
terms
Questions?