Drawing from the speakers’ first-hand experiences and case-studies, this presentation will highlight lessons learned from many years of responding to targeted attacks by nation state actors and other groups. We will highlight why adversaries continue to successfully compromise their targets at-will, and provide insight to the investigative techniques and security controls that can keep-pace with attacker methodologies. (Hint: there are no silver bullets, and buying more security widgets is not always the answer to these challenges!) We’ll discuss the benefits, and potential pitfalls, of the emerging market for “threat intelligence”. Finally, we'll take the risk of predicting the future and provide some thoughts on how targeted attacks and state-sponsored threats may continue to evolve.