Introduction to Active Support

Presented for Metis students a thoughtbot office

Transcript

1. Introduction to

   Active Support
   

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2. Notations
   $ irb # Shell command
   > str = "Hello World" # Ruby code
   #=> Hello World # Return value
   

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3. Notations
   Object.method <= Class method
   Object#method <= Instance method
   

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4. What is Active Support?
   

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5. "Utility classes and Ruby
   extensions from Rails"
   (From https://github.com/rails/rails/tree/master/activesupport)
   

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6. Utility Classes
   • ActiveSupport::Callbacks
   • ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess
   • ActiveSupport::MessageEncrypter
   • ActiveSupport::MessageVerifier
   • ... etc ...
   

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7. Ruby Extensions
   • object.present? / object.blank?
   • date.yesterday / date.tomorrow
   • 1.day.ago / 2.months.from_now
   • ... etc ...
   

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8. Part of Rails framework
   Available to be used inside Rails
   

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9. # To use outside Rails
   $ gem install activesupport
   # in Ruby
   > require "activesupport/all"
   

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10. Digging Deeper
    

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11. Callbacks
    

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12. Callbacks
    • Helpers to define and run callbacks
    • Use in Active Record, Action Pack, etc.
    • before_action, after_action, before_save, etc.
    

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13. Callback Example
    class User < ActiveRecord::Base
    before_save :do_something
    def do_something
    # ...
    end
    end
    

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14. Callback Example
    class Account
    include ActiveSupport::Callbacks
    define_callbacks :save
    set_callback :save, :before, :do_something
    def save
    run_callbacks :save do
    # ...
    end
    end
    def do_something
    # ...
    end
    end
    

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15. MessageEncrypter
    Encrypts message with a key
    

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16. MessageEncrypter
    > salt = SecureRandom.random_bytes(64)
    > key = ActiveSupport::KeyGenerator.
    new('password').generate_key(salt)
    > crypt = ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor.new(key)
    > encrypted_data = crypt.
    encrypt_and_sign('my secret data')
    > crypt.decrypt_and_verify(encrypted_data)
    

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17. Notifications
    

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18. Notifications
    • Uses for logging purposes
    • Executer instrument an event that should be subscribed to:
    • Action View's "render"
    • Active Record's "execute SQL"
    • etc.
    • Listeners subscribe to those events from another part of the
    application
    

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19. TimeZone
    

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20. TimeZone
    • Contains full mapping of time zones
    • Perform time zone conversions
    

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21. TimeZone
    > ActiveSupport::TimeZone.all
    > ActiveSupport::TimeZone.us_zones
    > Time.zone = "America/New_York"
    > time = Time.zone.now
    #=> "Fri, 20 Jun 2014 14:35:00 EDT -04:00"
    > time.in_time_zone("America/Los_Angeles")
    #=> "Fri, 20 Jun 2014 11:35:00 PDT -07:00"
    

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22. Core Extensions
    

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23. Array
    

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24. Array#from
    Array#to
    

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25. Array#from
    Array#to
    > array = [1, 2, 3, 4]
    > array.from(2)
    #=> [3, 4]
    > array.to(2)
    #=> [1,2,3]
    

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26. Array#second
    Array#third
    Array#fourth
    Array#fifth
    Array#forty_two
    

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27. Array Access
    > array = (1..100).to_a
    > array.first #=> 1
    > array.second #=> 2
    > array.third #=> 3
    > array.fourth #=> 4
    > array.fifth #=> 5
    > array.forty_two #=> 42
    

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28. Array#to_sentence
    

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29. Array#to_sentence
    > fruits = %w(banana strawberry kiwi)
    > fruits.to_sentence
    #=> "banana, strawberry, and kiwi
    > sports = %w(football baseball)
    > sports.to_sentence
    #=> "football and baseball"
    

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30. Array#in_groups_of
    Array#in_groups
    

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31. Array#in_group_of
    > array = (1..10).to_a
    > array.in_group_of(3)
    # => [[1, 2, 3],
    [4, 5, 6],
    [7, 8, 9],
    [10, nil, nil]]
    

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32. Array#in_groups
    > array = (1..10).to_a
    > array.in_groups(3)
    #=> [[1, 2, 3, 4],
    [5, 6, 7, nil],
    [8, 9, 10, nil]]
    

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33. Date, Time, DateTime
    

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34. Date.current
    Date.yesterday
    Date.tomorrow
    

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35. Time#beginning_of_day
    Time#middle_of_day
    Time#end_of_day
    

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36. Time#beginning_of_hour
    Time#end_of_hour
    

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37. Time#all_day
    Date#all_week
    Date#all_month
    Date#all_year
    

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38. Time#today?
    Time#past?
    Time#future?
    

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39. Hash
    

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40. Hash#deep_merge
    

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41. Hash#deep_merge
    > h1 = { a: true, b: { c: [1, 2, 3] } }
    > h2 = { a: false, b: { x: [3, 4, 5] } }
    > h1.deep_merge(h2)
    #=> { a: false, b: { c: [1, 2, 3], x: [3, 4, 5] } }
    

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42. Hash#except
    

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43. Hash#except
    > hash = { one: 1, two: 2 }
    > hash.except(:one)
    #=> { two: 2 }
    

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44. Hash#with_indifferent_access
    

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45. # In Controller
    > params[:id] #=> 1
    > params['id'] #=> 1
    > params.class
    #=> ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess
    

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46. Hash#with_indifferent_access
    > hash = { one: 1 }.with_indifferent_access
    > hash[:one] #=> 1
    > hash['one'] #=> 1
    

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47. Hash#stringify_keys
    Hash#symbolize_keys
    

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48. Hash#stringify_keys
    Hash#symbolize_keys
    > hash = { one: 1, 'two' => 2 }
    > hash.stringify_keys
    #=> { 'one' => 1, 'two' => 2 }
    > hash.symbolize_keys
    #=> { one: 1, two: 2 }
    

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49. Hash#reverse_merge
    

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50. Hash#reverse_merge
    > h1 = { one: 'one' }
    > h2 = { one: 'uno', two: 'dos' }
    > h1.merge(h2)
    #=> { one: 'uno', two: 'dos' }
    > h1.reverse_merge(h2)
    #=> { one: 'one', two: 'dos' }
    

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51. Hash#slice
    

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52. Hash#slice
    > hash = { one: 1, two: 2, three: 3 }
    > hash.slice(:one, :two)
    #=> { one: 1, two: 2 }
    

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53. Integer
    

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54. Integer#ordinalize
    

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55. Integer#ordinalize
    > 1.ordinalize
    #=> "1st"
    > 2.ordinalize
    #=> "2nd"
    

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56. Integer#ordinal
    

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57. Integer#ordinalize
    > 1.ordinal
    #=> "st"
    > 2.ordinalize
    #=> "nd"
    

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58. Integer#days
    Integer#months
    Integers#years
    

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59. Examples
    > 1.month.ago
    > 1.month.from_now
    > 1.month.since(time)
    > 1.year.from(time)
    

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60. Object
    

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61. Object#present?
    Object#blank?
    

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62. Object#try
    

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63. Object#try
    > user = nil
    > user.name #=> NoMethodError
    > user.try(:name) #=> nil
    

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64. Object#presence
    

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65. Object#presence
    > name = "John"
    > puts "Hello #{name}"
    #=> "Hello John"
    

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66. Object#presence
    > name = ""
    > puts "Hello #{name}"
    #=> "Hello "
    

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67. Object#presence
    > name = ""
    > puts "Hello #{name.present? ? name : "Guest"}"
    #=> "Hello Guest"
    

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68. Object#presence
    > name = ""
    > puts "Hello #{name.presence || "Guest"}"
    #=> "Hello Guest"
    

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69. String
    

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70. String#to_time
    String#to_date
    String#to_datetime
    

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71. String#to_time
    String#to_date
    String#to_datetime
    > "13-12-2012".to_time
    #=> 2012-12-13 00:00:00 -0500
    > "1-1-2012".to_date
    #=> Sun, 01 Jan 2012
    > "1-1-2012".to_datetime
    #=> Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0000
    

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72. String#truncate
    

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73. String#truncate
    > "Hello World".truncate(8)
    #=> "Hello Wo..."
    

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74. String#singularize
    String#pluralize
    String#camelize
    String#titleize
    String#humanize
    

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75. Inflections Example
    > "man".pluralize #=> "men"
    > "octopi".singularize #=> "octopus"
    > "user_name".camelize #=> "UserName"
    > "hello world".titlize #=> "Hello World"
    > "full_name".humanize #=> "Full name"
    

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76. String#inquiry
    

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77. String#inquiry
    > color = "red".inquiry
    > color.red? #=> true
    > color.blue? #=> false
    > Rails.env.development?
    

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78. http://guides.rubyonrails.org/active_support_core_extensions.html
    

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