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FrOSCon 2015 - The JPEG is dead! Long live the JPEG!

FrOSCon 2015 - The JPEG is dead! Long live the JPEG!

A tour de force of major developments in open source image optimization.

A JPEG is a JPEG and nothing changed since 1992? Think again! Automated compression quality detection, advanced dithering algorithms, saliency mapping and computer vision - get a glimpse at what the image optimization open source community has been up to!

Tobias Baldauf

August 22, 2015
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  1. JPEG%is%dead!%Long%live%the%JPEG!
    Tobias%Baldauf%9%@tbaldauf
    #FrOSCon%2015
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 1

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  2. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 2

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  3. "We're&really&aiming&very,&very&high&
    here…&at&something&like&100&
    milliseconds."
    —&Urs$Hölzle,$Google$Senior$VP$Opera6ons,$June$2010
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 3

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  4. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 4

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  5. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 5

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  6. WebP:
    PNG8+24+JPEG+GIF+be0er2compression
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 6

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  7. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 7

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  8. For$science!
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 8

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  9. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 9

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  10. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 10

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  11. 12.000x&WebP!
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 11

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  12. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 12

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  13. WebP:&33%&sliced&off
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 13

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  14. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 14

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  15. JPEG%XR
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 15

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  16. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 16

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  17. "Good%psy[cho,visual]%op3miza3ons%
    are%more%important%than%anything%else%
    for%compression."
    —%Fiona&Glaser,&x264&encoder&developer,&September&2010
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 17

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  18. Who$won$the$race?
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 18

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  19. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 19

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  20. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 20

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  21. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 21

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  22. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 22

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  23. Hold%it%right%there!
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 23

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  24. Storage(space(is(cheap
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 24

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  25. Bandwidth)is)cheap
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 25

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  26. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 26

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  27. So#why#should#we#care?
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 27

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  28. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 28

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  29. Because'it's'all
    about'the'users!
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 29

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  30. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 30

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  31. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 31

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  32. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 32

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  33. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 33

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  34. What%can%we%do%about%it?
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 34

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  35. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 35

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  36. The$king$is$dead!
    Long$live$the$king!
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 36

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  37. JPEG!
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 37

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  38. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 38

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  39. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 39

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  40. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 40

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  41. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 41

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  42. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 42

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  43. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 43

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  44. 16.7%million%colors
    24bit
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 44

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  45. Already(fully(standardized(+(OSS(in(1992
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 45

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  46. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 46

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  47. JPEG%codec%for%bitstream%data
    +
    file%format%declara5on:JFIF%or%Exif
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 47

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  48. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 48

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  49. JPEG:
    built+based+on+human+visual+system
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 49

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  50. Human&Vision:
    Brightness&=&+2
    Color&Differen9a9on&=&:1
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 50

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  51. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 51

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  52. DCT
    type%II
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 52

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  53. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 53

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  54. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 54

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  55. There%is%no%quality%se0ng
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 55

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  56. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 56

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  57. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 57

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  58. JPEG%encoders%are%opinionated%Rupe%Goldberg%machines
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 58

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  59. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 59

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  60. Remember&the&human&visual&system?
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 60

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  61. Rods%&%Cones
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 61

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  62. Cones&are&for&colors:
    long,&medium&&&short&wavelength&cone&types
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 62

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  63. Long,&medium&&&short&cones
    have&a&ra4o&of&18:3:1
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 63

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  64. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 64

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  65. We#see#RED#in#more#detail.
    RED#means#"tasty,#ripe,#good#to#eat"
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 65

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  66. Many%JPEG%encoders%are%less%lossy%for%RED
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 66

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  67. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 67

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  68. There%are%also%lossless%op+miza+ons%for%JPEGs
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 68

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  69. jpegtran)&)jpegrescan
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 69

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  70. Huffman'table'op.miza.on
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 70

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  71. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 71

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  72. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 72

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  73. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 73

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  74. mozjpeg
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 74

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  75. Op#mized)Huffman)tables
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 75

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  76. Custom'quan+za+on'matrices
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 76

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  77. Trellis'quan,za,on
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 77

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  78. Op#mized)progressive)encoding
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 78

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  79. all#with#minimal#impact
    on#the#SSIM#score
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 79

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  80. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 80

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  81. SSIM?
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 81

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  82. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 82

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  83. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 83

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  84. To#measure#dissimilarity:
    DSSIM
    h"ps:/
    /github.com/pornel/dssim
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 84

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  85. Dissimilarity:
    0.13%
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 85

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  86. ~1.5%&ok
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 86

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  87. Automate!
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 87

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  88. cjpeg&dssim
    h,p:/
    /github.com/technopagan/
    cjpeg&dssim
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 88

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  89. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 89

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  90. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 90

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  91. Adap%ve(JPEG(quality
    based(on
    Round(Trip(Times
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 91

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  92. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 92

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  93. Adept
    h"p:/
    /github.com/technopagan/adept3jpg3compressor
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 93

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  94. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 94

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  95. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 95

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  96. MSSS
    h"p:/
    /github.com/technopagan/mss3saliency
    Maximum'Symmetric'Surround'Saliency'Algorithm
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 96

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  97. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 97

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  101. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 101

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  102. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 102

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  103. There's'things'JPEG'just'can't'do...
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 103

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  104. ..."not"yet,"anyway!
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 104

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  105. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 105

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  106. JPEG%XT
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 106

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  107. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 107

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  108. jpeg%[email protected]%stu2gart.de
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 108

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  109. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 109

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  110. In#case#you#don't#have#the#0me
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 110

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  111. No!$Not$PNG24!
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 111

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  112. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 112

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  113. PNG8%can%do%alpha%transparency
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 113

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  114. The$old$way:
    cat$infile.png$|$pngquant$256$>$tmp.png
    pngout'sta*c,'c3,'d8,'force,'y,tmp.png,tmp.png
    pngcrush)*bit*depth)8)*brute)*rem)alla)*reduce)tmp.png)output.png
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 114

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  115. The$much,$much$be*er$way:
    h"p:/
    /github.com/pornel/pngquant
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 115

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  116. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 116

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  117. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 117

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  118. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 118

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  119. h"p:/
    /quasimondo.com/ZorroSVG/
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 119

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  120. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 120

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  121. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 121

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  122. SVG$can$be$op,mized,$too!
    h"p:/
    /github.com/svg/svgo
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 122

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  123. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 123

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  124. At#some#point
    things#don't#become#lighter#anymore
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 124

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  125. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 125

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  126. LQIP
    h"p:/
    /www.guypo.com/introducing3lqip3low3quality3image3placeholders/
    h"p:/
    /code.facebook.com/posts/991252547593574/the9technology9behind9preview9photos/
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 126

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  127. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 127

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  128. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 128

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  129. WebP
    OSS:$!
    Worth&shipping:&!
    Worth&helping:&!
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 129

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  130. JPEG%XR
    OSS:$✋
    Worth&shipping:&!
    Worth&helping:&!
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 130

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  131. (D)SSIM
    OSS:$!
    Worth&shipping:&❌
    Worth&helping:&!
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 131

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  132. MSSS
    OSS:$!
    Worth&shipping:&❌
    Worth&helping:&!
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 132

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  133. pngquant
    OSS:$!
    Worth&shipping:&!
    Worth&helping:&!
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 133

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  134. svgo
    OSS:$!
    Worth&shipping:&!
    Worth&helping:&!
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 134

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  135. JPEG%XT
    OSS:$!
    Worth&shipping:&!
    Worth&helping:&!
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 135

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  136. mozjpeg
    OSS:$!
    Worth&shipping:&!
    Worth&helping:&!
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 136

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  137. Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 137

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  138. Tobias'Baldauf
    @tbaldauf
    who.tobias.is
    Tobias'Baldauf'-'@tbaldauf'-'who.tobias.is 138

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