ElasticSearch In Action - Techorama 2016

Slides for my ElasticSearch talk at Techorama 2016 in Mechelen (Belgium). http://www.techorama.be

Transcript

1. Elasticsearch in action By Thijs Feryn
2. Explain in 1 slide
3. •Full-text search engine •NoSQL database •Analytics engine •Written in Java •Lucene based ( ~Solr) •Inverted indices •Easy to scale (~Elastic) •RESTFul interface (HTTP/JSON) •Schemaless •Real-time •ELK stack
4. Still with me?
5. Hi, I’m Thijs
6. I’m @ThijsFeryn on Twitter
7. I’m an Evangelist At
8. I’m a at board member
9. 150 This is my 150th presentation
10. https://www.elastic.co/ downloads/elasticsearch
11. { "name" : "node-1", "cluster_name" : "elasticsearch", "version" : { "number" : "2.2.0", "build_hash" : "8ff36d139e16f8720f2947ef62c8167a888992fe", "build_timestamp" : "2016-01-27T13:32:39Z", "build_snapshot" : false, "lucene_version" : "5.4.1" }, "tagline" : "You Know, for Search" } http://localhost: 9200
12. RDBMS Elasticsearch Database Table Row Index Type Document
13. POST /blog {"acknowledged":true} Confirmation
14. POST/blog/post/6160 { "language": "en-US", "title": "WordPress 4.4 is available! And these are the new features…", "date": "Tue, 15 Dec 2015 13:28:23 +0000", "author": "Romy", "category": [ "News", "PHP", "Sector news", "Webdesign & development", "CMS", "content management system", "wordpress", "WordPress 4.4" ], "guid": "6160" }
15. { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "6160", "_version": 1, "created": true } Confirmation
16. GET /blog/post/6160 { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "6160", "_version": 1, "found": true, "_source": { "language": "en-US", "title": "WordPress 4.4 is available! And these are the new features…", "date": "Tue, 15 Dec 2015 13:28:23 +0000", "author": "Romy", "category": [ "News", "PHP", "Sector news", "Webdesign & development", "CMS", "content management system", "wordpress", "WordPress 4.4" ], "guid": "6160" } } Retrieve document by id Document & meta data
17. GET /blog/_mapping { "blog": { "mappings": { "post": { "properties": { "author": { "type": "string" }, "category": { "type": "string" }, "date": { "type": "string" }, "guid": { "type": "string" }, "language": { "type": "string" }, "title": { "type": "string" } } } } } } Schemaless? Not really … “Guesses” mapping on insert
18. Explicit mapping
19. POST /blog { "mappings" : { "post" : { "properties": { "title" : { "type" : "string" }, "date" : { "type" : "date", "format": "E, dd MMM YYYY HH:mm:ss Z" }, "author": { "type": "string" }, "category": { "type": "string" }, "guid": { "type": "integer" } } } } } Explicit mapping at index creation time
20. POST /blog { "mappings": { "post": { "properties": { "author": { "type": "string", "index": "not_analyzed" }, "category": { "type": "string", "index": "not_analyzed" }, "date": { "type": "date", "format": "E, dd MMM YYYY HH:mm:ss Z" }, "guid": { "type": "integer" }, "language": { "type": "string", "index": "not_analyzed" }, "title": { "type": "string", "fields": { "en": { "type": "string", "analyzer": "english" }, "nl": { "type": "string", "analyzer": "dutch" }, "raw": { "type": "string", "index": "not_analyzed" } } } } } } } Alternative mapping
21. "type": "integer" }, "language": { "type": "string", "index": "not_analyzed" }, "title": { "type": "string", "fields": { "en": { "type": "string", "analyzer": "english" }, "nl": { "type": "string", "analyzer": "dutch" }, "raw": { "type": "string", "index": "not_analyzed" } } } } } } } What’s with the analyzers?
22. Analyzed vs non-analyzed
23. Full-text vs exact value
24. By default strings are analyzed … unless you mention it in the mapping
25. Analyzer •Character filters •Tokenizers •Token filters Replaces characters for analyzed text Break text down into terms Add/modify/ delete tokens
26. Built-in analyzers •Standard •Simple •Whitespace •Stop •Keyword •Pattern •Language •Snowball •Custom Standard tokenizer Lowercase token filter English stop word token filter
27. Hey man, how are you doing? hey man how are you doing Standard Hey man, how are you doing? Whitespace hei man how you do English
28. POST /blog/post/_search { "fields": ["title"], "query": { "match": { "title": "working" } } }
29. "total": 1, "max_score": 1.7562683, "hits": [ { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "2742", "_score": 1.7562683, "fields": { "title": [ "Hosted SharePoint 2010: working efficiently as a team" ] } } ] } }
30. POST /blog/post/_search { "fields": ["title"], "query": { "match": { "title.en": "working" } } }
31. "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 6, "max_score": 2.4509864, "hits": [ { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "828", "_score": 2.4509864, "fields": { "title": [ "Still a lot of work in store" ] } }, { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "3873", "_score": 2.144613, "fields": { "title": [ "SSL: what is it and how does it work?" ] } }, { "_index": "blog",
32. Search
33. GET /blog/post/_search?pretty { "took": 2, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 5, "successful": 5, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 963, "max_score": 1, "hits": [ { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "6067", "_score": 1, "_source": { "language": "en-US", "title": "My Combell Power Tips: Registrant Templates and new domain name overview", "date": "Tue, 24 Nov 2015 15:58:48 +0000", "author": "Romy", "category": [ "Combell news", "Domain names", "News", "Tools", "control panel", "domain name", "my combell", "register", "templates" ], "guid": "6067"
34. GET /blog/post/_search?pretty POST /blog/post/_search?pretty { "query": { "match_all": {} } } Search “lite” vs full query DSL
35. GET /blog/post/_search?pretty&q=title:Thijs POST /products/product/_search?pretty { "query": { "match": { "title": "Thijs" } } } Search “lite” vs full query DSL
36. POST /blog/post/_count { "query": { "match": { "title": "PROXY protocol support in Varnish" } } } 162 posts 1 post POST /blog/post/_count { "query": { "filtered": { "filter": { "term": { "title.raw": "PROXY protocol support in Varnish" } } } } }
37. Filter vs Query
38. Filter •Does it match? Yes or no •When relevance doesn’t matter •Faster & cacheable •For non-analyzed data Query •How well does it match? •For full-text search •On analyzed/tokenized data
39. Match Query Multi Match Query Bool Query Boosting Query Common Terms Query Constant Score Query Dis Max Query Filtered Query Fuzzy Like This Query Fuzzy Like This Field Query Function Score Query Fuzzy Query GeoShape Query Has Child Query Has Parent Query Ids Query Indices Query Match All Query More Like This Query Nested Query Prefix Query Query String Query Simple Query String Query Range Query Regexp Query Span First Query Span Multi Term Query Span Near Query Span Not Query Span Or Query Span Term Query Term Query Terms Query Top Children Query Wildcard Query Minimum Should Match Multi Term Query Rewrite Template Query
40. And Filter Bool Filter Exists Filter Geo Bounding Box Filter Geo Distance Filter Geo Distance Range Filter Geo Polygon Filter GeoShape Filter Geohash Cell Filter Has Child Filter Has Parent Filter Ids Filter Indices Filter Limit Filter Match All Filter Missing Filter Nested Filter Not Filter Or Filter Prefix Filter Query Filter Range Filter Regexp Filter Script Filter Term Filter Terms Filter Type Filter
41. Filter examples
42. POST /blog/post/_search?pretty { "query": { "filtered": { "filter": { "ids": { "values": [231,234,258] } } } } }
43. POST /blog/_search { "query": { "filtered": { "filter": { "bool": { "must" : [ { "term" : { "language" : "en-US" } }, { "range" : { "date" : { "gte" : "2016-01-01", "format" : "yyyy-MM-dd" } } } ], "must_not" : [ { "term" : { "category" : "joomla" } } ], "should" : [ { "term" : { "category" : "Hosting" } }, { "term" : { "category" : "evangelist" } } ] } } } } }
44. POST /blog/_search?pretty { "query": { "filtered": { "filter": { "prefix": { "title.raw": "Combell" } } } } }
45. POST /cities/city/_search { "size": 200, "sort": [ { "city": { "order": "asc" } } ], "query": { "filtered": { "filter": { "geo_distance_range": { "lt": "5km", "location": { "lat": 51.033333, "lon": 2.866667 } } } } } } Requires “geo point” typed field
46. POST /cities/city/_search { "size": 200, "query": { "filtered": { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "filter": { "geo_bounding_box": { "location": { "bottom_left": { "lat": 51.1, "lon": 2.6 }, "top_right": { "lat": 51.2, "lon": 2.7 } } } } } } } Requires “geo point” typed field Draw a “box”
47. Relevance
48. POST /blog/_search { "fields": ["title"], "query": { "bool": { "must": [ { "match": { "title": "varnish thijs" } }, { "filtered": { "filter": { "term": { "language": "en-US" } } } } ] } } }
49. { "took": 3, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 5, "successful": 5, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 8, "max_score": 1.984594, "hits": [ { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "4275", "_score": 1.984594, "fields": { "title": [ "Thijs Feryn gave a demo of Varnish Cache on WordPress during a Future Insights webinar" ] } }, { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "6238", "_score": 0.8335616, "fields": { "title": [ "PROXY protocol support in Varnish" ] } }, { "_index": "blog", Hits both terms. More relevant
50. POST /blog/_search?_source=false { "query": { "filtered": { "filter": { "term": { "category": "PHPBenelux" } } } } } Using a filter instead of a query We don’t care about the source
51. { "took": 3, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 5, "successful": 5, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 2, "max_score": 1, "hits": [ { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "6254", "_score": 1 }, { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "11749", "_score": 1 } ] } } No relevance on filters Score is always 1
52. POST /blog/_search { "fields": ["title", "category"], "query": { "bool": { "must": [ { "match": { "title": "thijs feryn" } } ], "should": [ { "match": { "category": "Varnish" } } ] } } } Only search for “thijs feryn” Increase relevance if category contains “Varnish”
53. POST /blog/_search { "fields": ["title", "category"], "query": { "bool": { "must_not": [ { "filtered": { "filter": { "term": { "author": "Romy" } } } } ], "should": [ { "match": { "category": "Magento" } } ] } } } Increase relevance Combining filters & queries
54. POST /blog/_search { "query": { "bool": { "should": [ { "match": { "title": { "query": "Magento", "boost" : 3 } } }, { "match": { "title": { "query": "Wordpress", "boost" : 2 } } } ] } } } Increase relevance Query- time boosting
55. Multi index multi type
56. /_search /products/_search /products/product/_search /products,clients/_search /pro*/_search /pro*,cli*/_search /products/product,invoice/_search /products/pro*/_search /_all/product/_search /_all/product,invoice/_search /_all/pro*/_search
57. Multi “all the things”
58. Aggregations
59. Group by on steroids
60. SELECT author, COUNT(guid) FROM blog.post GROUP BY author Aggregations in SQL Metric Bucket
61. SELECT author, COUNT(guid) FROM blog.post GROUP BY author POST /blog/post/_search? pretty&search_type=count { "aggs": { "popular_bloggers": { "terms": { "field": "author" } } } } Only aggs, no docs
62. "aggregations": { "popular_bloggers": { "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0, "sum_other_doc_count": 0, "buckets": [ { "key": "Romy", "doc_count": 415 }, { "key": "Combell", "doc_count": 184 }, { "key": "Tom", "doc_count": 184 }, { "key": "Jimmy Cappaert", "doc_count": 157 }, { "key": "Christophe", "doc_count": 23 } ] } } Aggregation output
63. POST /blog/_search { "query": { "match": { "title": "varnish" } }, "aggs": { "popular_bloggers": { "terms": { "field": "author", "size": 10 }, "aggs": { "used_languages": { "terms": { "field": "language", "size": 10 } } } } } } Nested multi-group by alongside query
64. "aggregations": { "popular_bloggers": { "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0, "sum_other_doc_count": 0, "buckets": [ { "key": "Romy", "doc_count": 4, "used_languages": { "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0, "sum_other_doc_count": 0, "buckets": [ { "key": "en-US", "doc_count": 3 }, { "key": "nl-NL", "doc_count": 1 } ] } }, { "key": "Combell", "doc_count": 3, "used_languages": { "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0, "sum_other_doc_count": 0, "buckets": [ { "key": "nl-NL", "doc_count": 3 } ] } }, Aggregation output
65. Min Aggregation Max Aggregation Sum Aggregation Avg Aggregation Stats Aggregation Extended Stats Aggregation Value Count Aggregation Percentiles Aggregation Percentile Ranks Aggregation Cardinality Aggregation Geo Bounds Aggregation Top hits Aggregation Scripted Metric Aggregation Global Aggregation Filter Aggregation Filters Aggregation Missing Aggregation Nested Aggregation Reverse nested Aggregation Children Aggregation Terms Aggregation Significant Terms Aggregation Range Aggregation Date Range Aggregation IPv4 Range Aggregation Histogram Aggregation Date Histogram Aggregation Geo Distance Aggregation GeoHash grid Aggregation
66. Managing Elasticsearch
67. Plenty of ways … for which we don’t have enough time
68. Clustering
69. Single node 2 node cluster 3 node cluster
70. Example config settings node.rack: my-location node.master: true node.data: true http.enabled: true cluster.name: my-cluster node.name: my-node index.number_of_shards: 5 index.number_of_replicas: 1 discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 2
71. GET /_cat
72. GET /_cat =^.^= /_cat/allocation /_cat/shards /_cat/shards/{index} /_cat/master /_cat/nodes /_cat/indices /_cat/indices/{index} /_cat/segments /_cat/segments/{index} /_cat/count /_cat/count/{index} /_cat/recovery /_cat/recovery/{index} /_cat/health /_cat/pending_tasks /_cat/aliases /_cat/aliases/{alias} /_cat/thread_pool /_cat/plugins /_cat/fielddata /_cat/fielddata/{fields} Non-JSON output
73. GET /_cat/shards?v index shard prirep state docs store ip node my-index 2 r STARTED 6 7.2kb 192.168.10.142 node3 my-index 2 p STARTED 6 9.5kb 192.168.10.142 node2 my-index 0 p STARTED 4 7.1kb 192.168.10.142 node3 my-index 0 r STARTED 4 4.8kb 192.168.10.142 node2 my-index 3 r STARTED 5 7.1kb 192.168.10.142 node1 my-index 3 p STARTED 5 7.2kb 192.168.10.142 node3 my-index 1 p STARTED 1 2.4kb 192.168.10.142 node1 my-index 1 r STARTED 1 2.4kb 192.168.10.142 node2 my-index 4 p STARTED 5 9.5kb 192.168.10.142 node1 my-index 4 r STARTED 5 9.4kb 192.168.10.142 node3 5 shards & a single replica by default
74. GET /_cat/health? v&h=cluster,status,node.total,shards,pri,unassign,init cluster status node.total shards pri unassign init mycluster green 3 12 6 0 0 Cluster health
75. The ELK stack
77. Logs Parse & ship Store Visualize
78. Beats •File beat •Top beat •Packet beat •Winlog beat
79. Logs Parse Store Visualize Ship
81. Integrating Elasticsearch
82. It’s REST, deal with it!
83. Or just use an API PHP Java Perl Python Ruby .NET
84. Try it yourself! http://github.com/ thijsferyn/ elasticsearch_tutorial
86. https://blog.feryn.eu https://talks.feryn.eu https://youtube.com/thijsferyn https://soundcloud.com/thijsferyn https://twitter.com/thijsferyn http://itunes.feryn.eu