Lydia Christine Penkert - Beyond graphical UIs - Researching voice interaction with social robots

Researching voice interaction is challenging, as several factors such as the gender and appearance of a voice impact user behaviour, as well as user expectations and current limitations of speech technology. In this talk, you will learn how to approach those challenges in UX Research, along with exemplary insights of my research on social robotics in public spaces, such as the use of gender-neutral voices, investigating the impact of appearances through replication studies or the use of Wizard-of-Oz settings.

Transcript

1. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . www captionslive com au | captionslive outlook com | UX A a a D R a c 2022 F da , 18 Ma c 2022 Ca i ed b : Ca el D e & Ti a Fall
2. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 2 e e ea ch f he . Hell L dia. I ca ee . LYDIA PENKERT: Hell e e e. STEVE BATY: The e a e. I hi la e igh f ? LYDIA PENKERT: E ac l . I' ba ed i Ge a i i like 11 i he e e i g. STEVE BATY: Well e a ecia e e ch a i g la e eak i h da . LYDIA PENKERT: Yeah, e. STEVE BATY: Whe e e ' e ead , I'll lea e i . LYDIA PENKERT: I ill a c ee ha i g. Oka , hell e e b d , eall ha be i hi c fe e ce a d a he da f e d i f ide. S I - i alk I ill c e UX e e e f a e diffe e a ach ha a be e, ai l UX e ea ch b ice i e ac i . I ill alk ab cial b a ell a he e ca ee i he ic e. S h l gi e a e ie ab ha hi alk c e I ill a i h he ba ic ab ice i e ac i a d ice i e face a d ha he a e, ha a e he be efi f he , g ide h gh he h ee ai challe ge f UX e ea ch f ice beca e c d c i g i ca be i e challe gi g beca e he e i bia i he a a i a a d i b de ig e ha e hea d a ell i he alk e e da ab bia e . The he e a e diffe e e h d hich a e ece a f ice i e ac i beca e i i eall he a e i i al
3. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 3 de ig a d he hi d challe ge i eall h i cl de e h a e el - e f a ech l g hich i eall e he like ice i e ac i . A he e d I a l ki g eall f a d e i . S h l i d ce ab elf ha k h i eaki g he e, a S e e al ead aid I a ba ed i Ge a , i a diffe e i e e. I a c e l ki g a he U i e i f a lied cie ce i C l g e, he acade ic ide d i g PhD he e a d bef e I a i a UX e ea che . Le ' a i h ice i e ac i . If hi k ab ice i e ac i ill babl a i h hi ki g ab a i a like Si i Ale a b he e i a e. The e c e ice i e ac i i a diffe e de ice a d diffe e c e , a ca ee i he ic e ca ha e a ice a i a a h e, he e i ice i e ac i i ca e e i b a d all diffe e ca e . A d al e d c e ice, like f e a le, ca c l a G P i h ice i e ac i a ell hich a be eall ha d if a e, like, f e a le, b a di g e he e a d al c l ide ga e he e e i a a ie f diffe e ga e he e ca eall e ice g ide, f e a le, a a a a hich j highe he e c ea . S ice i eall a e a i e ac i h diffe e i e face . Al f he i f ie f a ke al e i i i e g i g a d i a . S la ea he a ke al e f eech ech l g i he US al e a $2.9 billi a d he e i i e a g h e ec ed i he e ea . Ca ada a d Ja a a e he c ie hich a e, like, g h e ec ed a d i a l i i like ead ac all age g i i ha i i l i a f a ecific e f d c , i ' beca e f he a ie , i ' al eall i a f all e f e . A d de a d eall ice i e ac i a d he i a ce f i , f c e, he i eed be UX e ea ch d i a d ha I e c e ed
4. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 4 he I a i i ed f he e-c e ce, a hich f d i g UX e ea ch he adi i al a f UX e ea ch i h i al de ig i ha ice i eall challe gi g beca e f a a ec a d h ee f he ai challe ge I ill f c da ha I ha e lea ed fa a d h ca deal i h he e challe ge a d I e ha he e a e h ee ai challe ge i h d i g UX e ea ch i h ice. The fi i ha ice i eall a ib ed h a cha ac e i ic a d hei a ea a ce eall ha e e ec a i . S if hea a ice al a hi k ab a h a e , ha i like f ch l gical ea a d al he a ea a ce i eall i a h e cei e ac all a i e ac i de ig . The he ec d ble I ld a i ha e h d hich I ha e ed e i l i j b a e j i able i he a e a . The hi d ble i ha beca e ice i , e hi g e el ha ch, e e d ' e e ha e e e ie ce e e e he d ' a i e ac i h i he eall ef e e hi ech l g a d he e I al ill ha e e e h d h eall i cl de h e e a ell i he e ea ch. S le ' a i h he fi e ab ice a d a ea a ce. I a gi e a e i a e hi k ab , if i agi e Si i, C a a Ale a a a e , h d he l k f ? I ill gi e e ec d , eall ic e a e i h a e ali . M f ha e h gh ab a fe ale e a d ha i i e ea able beca e f he ice a i a he a ke da a e fe ale. S he e ee a la i f diffe e d c like Si i, C a a a d Ale a a d G gle a i a a d ha i i a ice i ha all f he e e fe ale- l ice a hei elea e. S he i a ed he e a ale i . Ac all ha i al a e hi g I lea he I a ed d i g ice i e ac i , ha he e i ac all ale ice f e f he ca ac all cha ge Si i eak i a ale ice. B he defa l i all i fe ale
5. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 5 e . Wh d he cha ge i l he ice a ale e like i chi g he ice ack beca e hei e i like a l f diffe e a ificial ice a d diffe e ge de b i i a i le a ha . A ca ee f e a le a ell he e f Si i i a elea ed i 2011 a d 2013, ea l ea la e , he e a a f c i al ale i i ' e ha ea l ea f de el e ha e a f c i al ale ice a d he ea i ha adj i g he ge de f a ice i e face i a e ha i l i chi g he ice ack a he ge de beca e e a d e eall e diffe e d , e ha e he e ical a i g a d he eak diffe e la g age , i i a diffe e la g age b he e a e diffe e e f he la g age . W e e e e al like I a d a d e e e a ifie like e, e e . If ld ha e a ale ice b a fe i i e h a i g, hich ld be he ca e i j ake Si i f e a le i he fe ale ice a d cha ge i a ale, ha ld be eall di ac i g f a e beca e e e b d ld be hi ki g ha ' e hi g ei d ab he ice he e eed be eall eff c ea e a ale ice hich i f he fe ale de c ci a ell hich i eall ha i g he ge de f he ice i elf. Y a a k elf h a e he all fe ale? Wh i hi bia i de ig he e? S he c a ie behi d he e d gi e a ea able a e f ha b he e a e f c e e e ea ch i ha a ea. S e ible a e i ha e a ech l g hel hile e ai i g i c l. A d he a ide f ha he e c e he fac ha e le e d e cei e ale ice a d a h i fig e he ell he a e ble a d fe ale ice a e e cei ed a hel i g l e ble . S if l k back i he e hi k ka if e a ech l g hel , i ' e ea able f a fe ale ice beca e i ' hi hel i g a ec , acc di g e ea ch. S ha f a a i g i igh ee fi e b he e i
6. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 6 eall c e e ce i ha . S he ble i ha ge de de ig i al - c ld lid fee e e e if e i hi beha i i c e a i be ee h a . S if ha e Si i Ale a, e e be h d alk he . I i i a ice a i i l c a d like " a ala " e i g a cl ck a i e . I i babl e hi c a di g a d h a f alki g a d he eal c ce ab he e i ha e le bec e ed i e ac i h fe ale age i ha a a d a fe hi i a a f alki g i h h a , i h fe ale h a i hi ca e a ell. S ha ' eall a i a a ec c ide ha he ge de eall i fl e ce h i ' e cei ed a d h e le a d e eall alk i e face a d he ef e he e i al e ea ch ega di g ha i g a ge de le ice e al ice. S f e a le gi e a e ie , he e i he a c li e fe i i e a li de h a ice i eall e cei ed a d he e i a e al i be ee . The e i hi ide e ea ch ab a ge de le ice. I i i e , I h e he ice he a di ill be e , hea e ec d ab hi ice a d hi k ab ha d hi k - h i alki g i hi ca e? I i ge de le , i i a a , i i a a ? Le ' ee. (VIDEO PLAYS) S I g e e f ha e hea d a fe ale e , if hea d i , I h e i ked, e f a ha e hea d a fe ale ale e a d he ea behi d ha i ha i ' ed be a ge de le ice b ac all i ' ge de a big e ea ha e le eall e cei e i i a diffe e a . S if ld di la ha f e a le e e b d he e a he c fe e ce, cl e 50% hea i a fe ale ice, 50% a ale ice. S i ' e al beca e he i i elf ca be e al b i ' g i g - i i a achi g hi ble f he bia beca e
7. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 7 if e ha e e hi g hich i i be ee a like - ca be a big de e di g ha he e hea , ha i al ead a a ach eall e c e hi bia . S il , e ha e alked ab he i i elf b f h e ice i e face ac all c e i h a bia a be Si i Ale a b he a e eall like h ical bjec . A d he e c e a he challe ge. S if c ide , f e a le, i hi ca e cial b hich i he a ea f PhD he a e - he ha e bee a ea a ce a d hi a ea a ce i eall h a . If ee he e f e a le he child i h he b , a e i lici l ill ha e e adjec i e i i d hi ki g hi b i h ge i l k f ie dl . S he e i e e ec a i hich a e c ea ed ba ed he a ea a ce a d he ef e if, f e a le, e ake cha ge he i e ac i de ig he ice de ig i i eall i a a ell d he a ea a ce hich - a d h hi i fl e ce de ig de a d eall i i ac . S , f e a le, if cha ge dial g e fl a d al a e f i i h he a e b a k h ha fl ld k a diffe e b . S ha I d i hi ca e i eall ha e c e a i i h he e h d like i e ie i g a d h i g ic e a ici a a d alki g ab a ea a ce, ab a e a i e ha e i h a ce ai bjec . I hi ca e i i b b i ca be a hi g, i ca be d c , i ca be a gla f a e , eall alki g ab if ee hi bjec , hi d c , ha d hi k? A d i ' eall i e e i g ee ha he a ea a ce, eall d e ha e he e ec a i . S f e a le he e b he lef ide hich ha e a , e de ed ka , ha a e h e b e e d i g i h he ha d ? O l beca e he al ead ha e ha d he e i e ec ed e f c i ali behi d hi a d i he he ca e, if ha e a b hich j i ba icall a head, he e i he e ec a i ha he b h ld d e hi g i h i ha d . S i hi
8. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 8 ca e he a ea a ce ha e he e ec a i ab f c i ali a d ha i eall ele a c ide h a de ig i . A ell, hi a ea a ce c ea e e a i i h he hi g , f e a le, a e hich I eall like f a e a ha hi e de he lef b ha i "l k like Mike f M e I c". U e d a ib e like a e ali a ell ha b . If hi k ab hi f Mike, babl ill ha e e e a i e a be c ci l a ell alk he b i a a ha e e be i . S he e i eall a i l c ide ab he a ea a ce i elf a d d ha i i la i f he e ea ch, de a d i i ac . B a ell he e, a be ec g i e e f he b ee i hi ic e f diffe e ie f c ic . The e' eall , a ell, a e de c i hei a ea a ce i hi ca e a ell. S if l k a hi ic e, e e if i ' a d a i g, a a e i he c l , hich c l a e e e ed he i hi ca e? The fac i ha he e, a d he a e i e f c e cial b , b c e l ld a e ei he hi e ha e a e allic a ea a ce. A d ha ' ele a beca e e le - e e cei e ha b eall ha e a ace. S i a - i d e ' ee like eall a i al b e eall d beha e diffe e de e di g he he a hi e a c l ed b i a di g i f f he . Y a a k h if i i l a achi e? I he e d i i l e al a d i i eall l a achi e b beca e he l k like h a e ea he like h a a d a e -called cial ac a d h e e a ib e a ace. A ell i i eall ele a de a d he i ac f he a ea a ce ha ca e i i d c de ig i hi ca e a d ada a ell a d ha e hi acial bia i d c . A d i e iga e ha , i hi ca e, hi ic e a ac all ake da i c e e ea ch, he e i a ell he ibili i b eall a if a he l k like, i hi ca e f he acial bia
9. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 9 e c e ha a d b e e h e eac ha a d i hich a a be ge de e e e a e eall d ced b ha . A ell he e he e i he ge de bia a d he ge de ga , b i e e i gl he he a a d he e i he ice a i a . S ice a i a a e Si i a d al a e ada fe ale a d b a e e cei ed a a c li e. Thi i a eall big ga i hi a ec a d al he e i i ble a ic beca e e ha e j a bia a ga be ee h b a e de ig ed a d h e e cei e he . S he e i i i a eall d hich a d h he a ea a ce ha e d c a d he e ec a i f e a d ha i a g d a d i i h a i g he ge de f d c if i i ible i hi ca e. S he e a a e e i e hich e c d c ed i a e a i i Ha b g i Ge a ci , a d e di la ed f e eek a ale A a a hich a e di g e ' e e a d e eek a fe ale. The e a al ed ha a he cha ge. S d e beha e diffe e l a d if , h ? Reall he ic f c e a i i h hi age , e e if i i i he a e l ca i , i ' diffe e . S he a i a ked ab hei ela i hi a hile he ale i a ked f he e i he e a . We ha e hi ic de e de beha i a d i e de e de c f he ge de . E e if i hi ca e i i like he ic e a A a a ha a i g b he e ha i eall i ele a k i hi ca e ca ada i . He e i a ea cha ge beca e i a a di la b e e i b i i ible eall cha ge he ge de challe ge i a bi a d ha I like d , i d e i g b i h cl he ac all . Y ca ee ic e f a b hich e ha e i he lab, i he lace he e I a ki g, e i i h like a head i h e like a bea ie a d he he like a ca f. Al ead hi cl hi g, e e if he face i he a e al ead cha ge he e ce i a d he a f i e ac i g i h i . S he e ca ee ha he ice f he de ice
10. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 10 a d he de ice i elf, he b he a ea a ce f i , ha e e ec a i f e a d i i eall i a c ide he . H e e , e e hi g i al a e i a e i e hich al ha a i fl e ce. S i hi ca e a ell if hi k ab elf, d beha e he a e i a blic ace ha a h e? I g e a d ha ' al a d eall c . Tha ' al he ca e f ice a i a . Tha ' be ab Ge a i hi ca e. S ice a i a age i 38% l e i blic ace ha a he i a e h e. S i g Si i a d , i he blic ace i a le c . A d ha , f e e all , i a challe ge beca e ha ' a f d i g e ea ch, I' e ea chi g b i he blic ace a d he ef e ice i e ac i b ill he e i ' i a de a d h i i l e . S ha a e he fac h e d ' a i e ac i ha c e . The e i a l f cial N ab g beha i i ac c ce ha c ld be b e ed d i g field e ea ch a d he e i al he eed f d i g dedica ed e ea ch ab he c e i elf. S e a ach hich I k he e de a d he i fl e ce f he c e a d edia die I ec ded diffe e ide i he e ca e f e i e ac i i h a b . S he e a a e alki g b a d i a e ac l he a e dial g e i b h ide , e ce ha i he l e e he e a e e le alki g a d. Y ca ee elf he e i h a i ca e a d al e c lleag e f i e a d he he e ea ch e i ha I had a h d e he c e - eall he e e ce f he e le i hi ca e - i ac h he b i e cei ed? The e icall i h ld ' if hi k ab i . The b a e ac l he a e, he e a he a e, i i he a e ce e i e ac i de ig a he a e. H e e he b i e cei ed a f ie dl a d a e if he e le a e a d a a l g i al e acce ed
11. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 11 he he e a e e e . S he c e i eall , eall ele a c ide i g he e ea ch. S he ake a a f he e i eall ha he i e ac i , ice i e ac i b e e i e ac i ha e i he c e i h he i e face hich ha bee a ea a ce a d a ge de a d b h f he ha e e e ec a i . A d he g al i eli i a e dele e he fac , i i eall d he a d k hei i ac . Be a a e f h e h ee hi g i d c . S d k he e d c i ed. S hich i a c e he e e e e ld e a a d ha ld be e he e ld a b d ld e e e e-c e ce h , I d ' k , like i a ae la e beca e e ha e i-fi f e a le - hich a e he he c e . The he e i i , i d c fe ale ale beca e e e if d ' i e i all de ig ed i , e ill e cei e i i ha a ha ca be ei he beca e f he c l , ab he UX i i g b he e i a e cei ed ge de i he d c . I i i a k he a d c ide he a d i cl de h e i e ea ch. S ha ha e ee ha a ea a ce, ge de a d c e i ele a , he e i i h d all f h e. Al ead e ha e ee e e h d ha I ha e ed ch a i e ie eall e b he e a e e challe ge he eall d i g ice i e ac i e ea ch. S bef e he I a i he e-c e ce a ea I eall liked d abili e i g i h hi ki g al d. I a g T e h d ha e ick feedback ab e , ab ha i g he de ig ce b i hi ca e he I a ed hi k ab he fi di abili e d i h he b I h gh , "If he e i eaki g he b , he a ici a ca eak a he a e i e elf e lai i g e ha he i hi ki g. S he ca e e hi elf he elf e ball ." Tha ' h I a ed eall f c e - e bal beha i . S a ca ee,
12. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 12 ha a e ic e f abili e hich I did i he lab a d I eall a e a e i i ge e al i h ice i e ac i he i ic f he a ici a a d h he l k he he a e i e ac i g i h he d c . S i hi ca e i he fi e he a ili g beca e he b a e lai i g e hi g i e e i g f hi a d i he ec d he a eall c f ed, i ed l ki g a elf beca e I a i i g e hi beca e i a a c f i g a e f he b . I i eall ele a ha e a l k a ha a d e d ba icall a ell he e ac e e ce hich ei he he b he a ici a aid beca e i i eall diffic l f a ici a e e be ha ha ha e ed he alk af e a d ab i . Beca e if I a , "Oka , ha e ac l - lea e e ea e ac l he a e e e ce ha I aid fi e i e ag ." Tha ' i e diffic l , igh , igh - h ef ll k ab ha I ha e alked b e ea i g e ac l he a e d i eall challe gi g e e be . A d ha eall hel he e i aki g e e ha e e bef e e e ha i g a ec d e eall aki g d e ha ca e- alk i h hi he e . A he a ec d i g hi abili e hich a e ele a f i al de ig e a ell i eall ch i g di g a d he a k ca ef ll beca e ha c ld ha e i a i a i , hi b f e a le a de ig ed be a e c e e ice g ide a d e e i , f e a le, a k he e i g i e f he e a d if I ld ha e h a ed he a k a , "Plea e a k h l g he e i e " he a ici a ld babl a , "Hell , h l g i he e e ?" B ha i ha I a ed eall e ea ch. I i ab h he a ach he ble , hich d he a e i g. S he e I ked eall i h ce a i hich a e - i agi e a e a a e a d d ' k h ch i e ha e lef , ha d d ? S I d ' a f e a le ha d a beca e a be he a ici a d e
13. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 13 e hi g bef e eall alki g he i e face, hich i ab e bal i e ac i a d ha ' al a a ec ld i . S he e i i eall i a f a e a d hi k e e e ca ef ll ab h f la e a a k hich i leadi g he e a a ecific e e ce. A he e h d i he field b e a i . S i i eall g i g i he c e a d I call i like i g he i c g i d bei g he e i he c e hile he d c i ed b bei g di ec l i ible a a e ea che . While e ec i g he i ac f he e f c e. S i hi ca e agai i he e a i hich I h ed bef e, he e ca ee e e ea che i i c g i de. S ha a a c lleag e f i e a d e e e b h l ca ed i hi e a i , e e e - i a i e i i g kee hea i g e e e fi e i e a d bei g de g d b e e e b h ac i g a b a de he a b i l al a cl e ha A a a i ha ca e be able hea ha e e e a i g a d I a i i ed a bi bef e ee ha a ha e i g. S e c ld ac all eall ee ha e e e d i g hile he e e bei g eall a a e ha e e e he e. B f c e beca e f la e i ac he e ce e had hi b e e e a ached he , e ealed he e ea ch a d a ked f hei e i i e he e b ha ' eall ele a ee beca e e d beha e diffe e if he k ha a e ea che i he e. S i ' he i ila effec hich igh ha e if a e d i g a e i a UX lab a d a e eall ha i g a e e e e i g a d he a e he i e f a dia d , he e ha i a e ea che i e hich d ce eall diffe e e l . Tha i a ea h da a i ge e al i eall i a de a d i hi ca e ice da a A i e ac i a e ee i a e beha i i h -call ed Ha h effec he fac ha e beha e diffe e e le i ge e al beha e diffe e he he a e feeli g b e ed. I he ca e f i al de ig eb de ig i i all he acki g ab he eb i e
14. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 14 b i al, like ice i e ac i al ha hi acki g e h d . S i hi ca e he e ca ee ha i bei g ec ded he e a e alki g a b i he ca e f he e . S hi d , he c l ed e i he b a d he he a e e a d he e i hi ca e I eall l k h e a ach he b like i hich a i he e a ga e a d h a e he i i ed e each he a d ha i eall i a ee a d de a d i h e bei g he e beca e if I ld be he e he g ill al ead i i i a diffe e a beca e he ada ciall he g beha i a d cial . S i i eall ele a ha e, like, he e acki g da a de a d ha e eall d A he a ach eall de a d e lica e ge i he feeli g f e alki g a e i ge e d a le la , e lica e he c e a i ca i agi e ha i he ki d f e ea ch hich I a d i g i h cial b a i acki g , e ha e ha e a k ba icall he b a d he e e f he b a d i ila i babl e fa a l f he ice i e face ad i ha i a a ach h gh a d ge e i he e de a di g i ha e e f g i he b a d he he i he e a d he alk - ba icall e ea ha he e aid de a d h f a i g i ca a be a ell be if he ice i e face a e hi g all g d e ' de a d . S e all he e a e like diffe e e h d hich a e i able f UX e ea ch i h ice. S i i ible ch e e f diffe e c di i he e ca a l a di i l f a ici a a d i i i a f c - e bal beha i ecificall f ice i e ac i . The he e i he ibili d a field b e e a d i c g i a d al d i g f c e da a a al i , i cl di g da a i e ea ch. S if d all f he e ice i e ac i a d i h diffe e
15. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 15 e f e h d he e i ill a he challe ge lef , a el ha e ha e i e e ie ce e e ef e ice i e ac i . S a he ech l g i i e e al like ill c l i e c ie - f c e ha eall de e d hich c - e e eall d ' k h i e ac i h a ice a i a a e eall af aid a ell f a b hich i a di g i f f he . S i cl de h e e h e e , i i eall i a ki d f b ief he i a a . S if i agi e f e a le a e h ha e e ed he i e e bef e a d c e e-c e ce h babl a e eall l ki g i he de ail f de ig i e ac i fla he eb age beca e ha e ld be eall f c i g h i he i e e e e ki g a d he a e ha e if ha e a ice i e ac i dec ea e. S ha I a ed d i eall ched le ice ai i g , I call i like ha , e i bef eha d. S i di id al e h ha e e e ed ice bef e h e i he da bef e he eek bef e he e I h diffe e de ice - diffe e de ice a d diffe e b a d l he e a e d i g e ea ch i h, a d ai h d i le i e ac i i h ha ca e he I c e eall e ea chi g de ig i h he i e ded b i e ded i e ac i ha e al ead k h he ech l g k . Tha i a g ea i f f da i al e ea ch d c di c e beca e he e i eall he ba ic f eei g f he fi i e f e a le a bi he e i hich a i e like he d I k h I ca alk? O h d e i e e k? A d ha ' e ide. S e h ha e e e ie ce i h ha , b a he eall c e a ell i ejec i . S e - - e i hi ca e - e h d ' a e a ech l g h a e af aid f l i g he j b beca e he e a e b i he blic ace j hi k i i c lica ed. A d he e I eall de a d i dee he i a i behi d ha . S ha i he ea f eall ef i g
16. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 16 i e ac i h he d c ? A d ha e ha i a c ed a I ake e f -called - e e a hich adi i al e a hich a e e e ded i h a ec ha a e d c c i ici , ea f - e a d e i a ce le el. S e eciall d c c i ici i eall , eah, I hi k al f d c e a ice a eall ha e hi - e ejec e e d i g de ig ce beca e c i ici i ki d f a backl g f idea c ld d f d c di c e like h c ld c i ce h c ld eli i a e a d dele e he e ea f i g a d c e i g he e - e e . A d add i he e i a ce le el, he e i al diffe e le el f e i a ce a be he d ' eall a e ice i e ac i beca e he feel i i agai hei al e ec a i a d a be e e el e j d e ' eall k h i k b c ld be i g i . S ha ' al he ibili he cla if e a d - e i a e a he e c ld eall a , "Oka , i hi e , i hi ca e, f he l e e, i i a ejec e i e i i eall a e h i al ead i g i a d a kee i g i a d i hi a ca eall i i he e h a e d i g a i e ie i h, f e a le, de a d he e he a e i hei ejec i ha e. Tha ' eall ele a i cl de beca e i gi e a idea ab ha ca be i ed ab he d c . S e all, I a ake h e like a fe hi g f he e. Fi f all i ha ice i a ib ed h a cha ac e i ic he e e hea a ice b ai a a icall igge , ge de , e ali ie a d a he hi g ha c e c ci l . The he ec d i ha ge de , a ea a ce a d c e eall a e f e e d c , e eciall f ice b c e i al e fac hich i , f i i , f e c ide ed ch i e ea ch he e a e d i g i i a lab e el . I i all i he i a e e i g b d c a e ed e e he e ca be ed i a a ie f c e .
17. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 17 The hi d i ha i i al a i a c bi e - e bal a d e bal beha i ha e ha e diffe e e f da a a d e feedback hich ca i cl de ded c e l f he e. A d he la e i eall i cl de e e b d i e ea ch. S e e e i ele a a e ea ch, a e if i i a ejec , a e h ha e e ed ch ice i e face, bigge fa f he d c . S e e b d c ib e e ea ch. A d i h ha , I' l ki g eall f a d e i . STEVE BATY: Tha k , ch, L dia. Tha a de f l. We ha e a fe e i a d e ha e a bi f i e hich i de f l. Ca e begi - he e a e a fe e i a d he ha i f c l al a d ge de bia a fe e le ha e f icked . Le ' a i h Ja ed' e i . The a k, "Wi h all he a e da i he e acial a d ge de i e , h h ld b l k like h a a all? Wh de el a e hi g e i el ?" LYDIA PENKERT: Tha i a eall g d e i . The e a e a ell b ha d ' l k a h a a ell. The e i a ell e ea ch ab e al b f e a le ha i g a a i al hich alk c ic. The e a e a ell de l ed b he ea f ha i g h a b i ha he ee a h a al beha e eh like i h he cial e k ha e ca e ec f a h a alki g a h a b ha ld ha e if a h a alk a e . I i like a eall diffe e a f i e ac i g he e he e i ch e ea ch k ledge ab h hi e f i e ac i l k like. S I hi k ha he ai a ach a eall a i h b hich l k like h a , eall ha e he i ila a e , ba icall f he i e ac i .
18. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 18 STEVE BATY: Chl e a ked he e i , "W ld e i bad e e ie ce i h ea l i c e e ice i e face d a e le a a f e b aci g ice i e face ha ha e c e a l g a i ce?" LYDIA PENKERT: Ye , defi i el . I ha e b e ed ha al ead a i e i e ea ch. Like, f e a le, igh e a e d i g a e e i g i a e a d e h a ach a b a d a a ki g e e i a d if i d e ' eall c e di ec l a g d a e he e a e like, "Oka , ha i i e e i g, i d e ' k" a d a e di ec l lea i g he fi i e i i like eall i a like ail ha e beca e if he e ec a i a e ha ka i i a ech l g hich d e ' k a a I d ' a ha . STEVE BATY: W de f l. Clai e a ked he e i ha le d e la i e f e le' illi g e i e ac i h ce ai ki d f de ice ? LYDIA PENKERT: Tha i a big ic i e ea ch, he e i a l f e ea ch i he h a b i e ac i c i . I e all hi k i i eall i a be a a e ac all ab hi g like da a i ac , ab a ell e ec a i ab ha he b ca ac all d . S if I he b , f e a le, ha I ca ha d he a gla f a e a d he ill g ab i a d he i fall d a d he e i e I ld be I' be e gi i g a hi g, I hi k i i ab eall c ica i g ca abili ie f he e a d a ell h i g he e ha i ha e i g. S ba icall i ila , eah, he lace , eall a a e l h e ha i ha e i g. STEVE BATY: Clai e ai ed he c ce a d e i e a le f
19. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 19 he e he e de ice a e al a li e i g a d ha f da a i ac ha c e i h ha , e eciall he i i - like he li e i g i ' held l call b i ac all e back a ce al e ice f a al i a d e e? LYDIA PENKERT: Yeah, ha i a ble i h he c e cial ice i e face i i eall clea ha i ha e i g i h he da a. I ca e e a e d i g like he e ea ch f , like, acade ic e , e al a eall di la a d ha e like a la ge a e i e a e ec di g a d eall i f i g he e h i ha e i g i h he da a a d i g i l call b I eall ag ee ha a l f de ice a e like a black b , d ' k he e da a i g i g a d ha i ha e i g i h i a d a ca ee he e i babl e acki g a d a al i behi d ha eall de a d h e beha e i h i . S , e , ha i a ble . STEVE BATY: Ca he i e a ked a ligh l a ge ial e i ha i b i l ela ed b he a k, "D ha e a idea h e c ie la g age ha e g e i h ale a he defa l ?" LYDIA PENKERT: Wi h fe ale a he defa l ... STEVE BATY: The e i a h he ' e g e i h ale a defa l b I g e ei he . LYDIA PENKERT: I i eall clea . I eall a ed d e ea ch a ell he I f d hi b he e i eall a ib i i . S e idea hich I ead hich a ab f e a le F e ch i a ale, a e f he e he e i a ale a d a a e l he e i , eah, a fa i e ee f e a le ale eache i i , like, hi eachi g f c i c ld
20. N e ha hi i a edi ed a c i f a li e e e a d he ef e ma c ai e . Thi a c i i he j i e f Ca i LIVE a d he a h i ed a e ible f a me a d ma be c ied ed b a he a i h a h i a i . Page 20 al be a a ec f ha , h he ch e ale b he e i clea a ce ha . STEVE BATY: L dia, ha k ch f he e e a i a d he Q&A a d ha k f a i g i h la e i e e i g. LYDIA PENKERT: Tha k f i i i g e. STEVE BATY: Oka , e e e e f he da a d c i i g i e a i al he e, I g e , A a ill be j i i g a d alki g ab e hi ki g a d i c a i g ha i e ea ch. A e e ead ? ANA FILIPA COUVINHAS: Hell a e i A a Fili a C i ha a d I a a UX e ea che . T da , I ill h h e hi ki g i like acki g f a i . I ill ha e ac ical le ha I ga he ed hile a l i g e a ic a ache i idel diffe e c e a d ide if he c e i ila i ie ha a l e e ce a i . S e ble ca l be l ed he deal i h he de l i g ca e . T ide if h e ca e eed l k a ble i hi hei c e . S e hi ki g all c e i h c le c e a d jec . Le e gi e a e a le. Off he c a f Af ica, he e a a i e i h fi h de le i . Y fi h gh babl ld ' be ha i a ela ed a a e figh ala ia. Well, af e l ki g a he e i e i e, i a f d ha i e di ib ed figh ala ia e e bei g ed f fi hi g. The e e d all alle fi h a h gh he e a d h e alle fi h a e he e e d ci g. I e, e hi ki g i a a f aki g e e f he ld' c le i b l ki g a i i e f ela i hi . B a l i g e a ic a ache , e ea che a d