Ansible, Just Use It

See why this award winning Python project has relevance for your work life through getting your servers under control

Everyone should be using Vagrant or some similar tool for local developer environment. Still those containers/VMs need to be configured somehow and on top of that your configuration system should be able to manage your staging and production servers as well, you could be using Puppet, Chef, Salt, shell scripts to achieve this. Recently a 3rd generation configuration management system has thown its hat into the ring, and that tools name is Ansible. The talk will show how Ansible approaches configuration management, software deployment, remote execution and other tasks. We will examine how easy it is to get up and running and manage single or multiple concurrent servers in parallel, what are the differences to Puppet, Chef etc and how to customize Ansible to your needs.

Join us for this talk and you’ll see why this award winning Python project has relevance for your work life through getting your servers under control.

Transcript

1. Srdjan Vranac // code4hire.com // @vranac
2. business owner, developer , consultant, mercenary, writing terrible code that performs exceptionally, wrangling ele PHP ants and Python s, obsessed with process automation , interested in continuous integration and delivery, clean code, testing, best practices and distributed systems
3. In the Beginning... Developers wrote code System Administrators deployed code
4. ©2012-2013 MokonalovesMochi
5. ...until one day...
6. I'll write code that tells computer how to set itself up #!bin/sh sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get -y install build-essential sudo apt-get install apache2 sudo a2enmon rewrite sudo a2enmod vhost_alias sudo tee /etc/apache2/sites-available/mysite <<ENDOFFILE ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all ENDOFFILE
8. Soooo.... What is the problem?
9. Idempotence (/ˌaɪdɨmˈpoʊtəns/ eye-dəm-poh-təns) "Idempotence is the property of certain operations in mathematics and computer science, that can be applied multiple times without changing the result beyond the initial application."
10. Not "Robust"
11. Everybody is rolling their own
12. Present
13. Automation should not require programming experience It MUST be easy We all have other stuff to do, don't we?
14. compréh
15. "I wrote Ansible because none of the existing tools fit my brain. I wanted a tool that I could not use for 6 months, come back later, and still remember how it worked." Michael DeHaan Ansible project founder
16. “An ansible is a fictional machine capable of instantaneous or superluminal communication”
17. What is it? IT Automation tool Push based (Pull possible) Agentless, no agent on the client, uses SSH Scalable No databases or daemons added after install No Root permissions required, sudo is available Supported package managers for RHEL, CentOS, Fedora, Debian or Ubuntu
18. Why use it? Consistent Predictable Repeatable Easy PERIOD
19. Requirements Python 2.7 (Python 2.5 + simplejson possible) Paramiko(ssh), PyYaml, Jinja2 SSHD Possible Module Dependencies
20. Installation? pip install ansible DONE
21. controller → remotes controller remote5 ssh remote4 ssh remote3 ssh remote2 ssh remote1 ssh
22. Inventory [localhost] 127.0.0.1 [webservers] www.example.com ntp=ntp1.pool.ntp.org web[10-23].example.com vagrant ansible_ssh_host=127.0.0.1 ansible_ssh_port=222 [dbservers] db.example.com [production:children] webservers dbservers
23. Dynamic Inventory Amazon EC2 Digital Ocean Linode Cobbler Google Compute Engine ...
24. Hello, World! $ ansible localhost -m ping localhost | success >> { "changed": false, "ping": "pong" }
25. Facts $ ansible localhost -m setup localhost | success >> { "ansible_facts": { "ansible_all_ipv4_addresses": [ "33.33.33.100", ], "ansible_architecture": "x86_64", "ansible_default_ipv4": { "address": "192.168.1.194", "gateway": "192.168.1.1", "interface": "eth0", "macaddress": "22:54:00:02:8e:0f", }, "ansible_distribution": "CentOS", "ansible_distribution_version": "6.2", ... } Plus ohai and facter if installed on remote
26. Modules accelerate acl, add_host, airbrake_deployment, alternatives, apache2_module, apt, apt_key, apt_repository, apt_rpm, arista_interface, arista_l2interface, arista_lag, arista_vlan, assemble, assert, async_status, at, authorized_key, azure, bigip_facts, bigip_monitor_http, bigip_monitor_tcp, bigip_node, bigip_pool, bigip_pool_member, boundary_meter, bzr, campfire, capabilities, cloudformation, command, composer, copy, cpanm, cron, datadog_event, debconf, debug, digital_ocean, digital_ocean_domain, digital_ocean_sshkey, django_manage, dnsimple, dnsmadeeasy, docker, docker_image, easy_install, ec2, ec2_ami, ec2_ami_search, ec2_asg, ec2_eip, ec2_elb, ec2_elb_lb, ec2_facts, ec2_group, ec2_key, ec2_lc, ec2_metric_alarm, ec2_scaling_policy, ec2_snapshot, ec2_tag, ec2_vol, ec2_vpc, ejabberd_user, elasticache, facter, fail, fetch, file, filesystem, fireball, firewalld, flowdock, gc_storage, gce, gce_lb, gce_net, gce_pd, gem, get_url, git, github_hooks, glance_image, group, group_by, grove, hg, hipchat, homebrew, homebrew_cask, homebrew_tap, hostname, htpasswd, include_vars, ini_file, irc, jabber, jboss, jira, kernel_blacklist, keystone_user, layman, librato_annotation, lineinfile, linode, lldp, locale_gen, logentries, lvg, lvol, macports, mail, modprobe, mongodb_user, monit, mount, mqtt, mysql_db, mysql_replication, mysql_user, mysql_variables, nagios, netscaler, newrelic_deployment, nexmo, nova_compute, nova_keypair, npm, ohai, open_iscsi, openbsd_pkg, openvswitch_bridge, openvswitch_port, opkg, osx_say, ovirt, pacman, pagerduty, pause, ping, pingdom, pip, pkgin, pkgng, pkgutil, portage, portinstall, postgresql_db, postgresql_privs, postgresql_user, quantum_floating_ip, quantum_floating_ip_associate, quantum_network, quantum_router, quantum_router_gateway, quantum_router_interface, quantum_subnet, rabbitmq_parameter, rabbitmq_plugin, rabbitmq_policy, rabbitmq_user, rabbitmq_vhost, raw, rax, rax_cbs, rax_cbs_attachments, rax_clb, rax_clb_nodes, rax_dns, rax_dns_record, rax_facts, rax_files, rax_files_objects, rax_identity, rax_keypair, rax_meta, rax_network, rax_queue, rax_scaling_group, rax_scaling_policy, rds, rds_param_group, rds_subnet_group, redhat_subscription, redis, replace, rhn_channel, rhn_register, riak, rollbar_deployment, route53, rpm_key, s3, script, seboolean, selinux, service, set_fact, setup, shell, slack, slurp, sns, stackdriver, stat, subversion, supervisorctl, svr4pkg, swdepot, synchronize, sysctl, template, twilio, typetalk, ufw, unarchive, uri, urpmi, user, virt, vsphere_guest, wait_for, win_feature, win_get_url, win_group, win_msi, win_ping, win_service, win_stat, win_user, xattr, yum, zfs, zypper, zypper_repository 230+ modules and growing
27. Ad-Hoc commands $ ansible webservers -m copy -a 'src=resolv.conf dest=/etc/resolv.conf' www.example.com | success >> { "changed": true, "dest": "/etc/resolv.conf", "group": "adm", "md5sum": "c6fce6e28c46be0512eaf3b7cfdb66d7", "mode": "0644", "owner": "ubuntu", "path": "resolv.conf", "src": "/home/ubuntu/.ansible/tmp/ansible-322091977449/resolv.conf", "state": "file" }
28. Playbooks YAML Files Decleratively define your OS/App configuration Collection of tasks using modules Each group of tasks is a play
29. Tasks --- # tasks/foo.yml # This is a task - name: Placeholder foo command: /bin/foo # This is another task - name: Placeholder bar command: /bin/bar
30. Tasks --- - name: Install Apache apt: name=apache2 state=present update_cache=yes environment: env when: ansible_os_family == "Debian" tags: [packages] - name: enable the rewrite module apache2_module: state=present name=rewrite - name: ensure Apache service is up action: service name=apache2 state=started tags: [apache2] - name: make sure that there is no default website file: path={{ APACHE_SITES_ENABLED_CONFIG_PATH }}/000-default.conf state=ab sent notify: - reload Apache tags: [apache2]
31. Variables From inventory In playbooks From host_vars/ files From group_vars/ files
32. Variables --- - hosts: localhost vars: - greeting: Hello tasks: - command: echo "{{greeting}}, {{inventory_hostname}}"
33. Variables
34. Variables host_vars/default --- PROJECT_ROOT: "/var/www" APACHE_SITES_ENABLED_CONFIG_PATH: "/etc/apache2/sites-enabled" APACHE_SITES_AVAILABLE_CONFIG_PATH: "/etc/apache2/sites-available" IP_ADDRESS: "*" PORT: "80" HOST: "something" HOST_ALIAS: "alias"
35. {{ templates }} #{{ ansible_managed }} <VirtualHost {{ IP_ADDRESS }}:{{ PORT }}> {% if HOST %} ServerName {{ HOST }} {% endif %} {% if HOST_ALIAS %} ServerAlias {{ HOST_ALIAS }} {% endif %} DocumentRoot {{ PROJECT_ROOT }}/web DirectoryIndex index.php # Enabled for Dev environment # LogLevel debug ... </VirtualHost>
36. {{ templates }} #Ansible managed: /Users/vranac/dev/playground-ansible/vagrant-ansible-php/ro les/apache/templates/site.conf.j2 modified on 2014-06-19 10:38:31 by vranac o n vurunica <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName something ServerAlias alias DocumentRoot /var/www/web DirectoryIndex index.php # Enabled for Dev environment # LogLevel debug ... </VirtualHost>
38. Roles
39. Roles roles/ nginx/ files/ handlers/main.yml meta/main.yml tasks/main.yml templates/ vars/main.yml
40. Roles --- - hosts: all roles: - nginx - mysql - { role: app, dir: '/etc/app', ntp: 'n1.example.org' } - { role: special, when: "ansible_os_family == 'RedHat'" } tasks: ...
41. Roles ... - { role: app, dir: '/etc/app', ntp: 'n1.example.org' } - { role: special, when: "ansible_os_family == 'RedHat'" } ...
42. Ansible Galaxy http://galaxy.ansible.com/ ansible-galaxy
43. Asynchronous Actions and Polling --- - hosts: all tasks: - name: simulate long running op (15 sec), wait for up to 45 sec, poll ever y 5 sec command: /bin/sleep 15 async: 45 poll: 5
44. Check Mode (“Dry Run”) Running a task in check mode --check Showing Differences with --diff
45. Compare to X https://devopsu.com/books/taste-test-grid.html
47. The End Thank You! Questions?