the moon cease to exit when I don’t look at it? (double- 我不看月亮的時候它就不存在嗎? ) ~ Albert Einstein (double- 阿爾伯特 · 愛因斯坦 ) ~ Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Einstein Ref: 【 BBC 纪录片】量子力学揭秘】量子力学揭秘 量子力学揭秘 01 【量子纠缠与玻尔 - 爱因斯坦之争】量子力学揭秘
- 爱因斯坦之争】量子力学揭秘 Bohr was inconsistent, unclear, wilfully obscure and right. Einstein was consistent, clear, down-to-earth and wrong. (double- 波爾的理論前後矛盾,不甚明晰,任意晦澀但卻正確無疑 ) (double- 愛因斯坦的理論前後一致,非常明晰,具體務實但卻全然錯誤 ) ~ John Bell (double- 約翰 · 貝爾 ) ~
On the basis of the same scheme, we can give quantitative estimates on the system size and processing time for a machine that solves a relevant, hard problem, such as the Shor factoring of a 2048-bit number. For the calculations, we assume a single-qubit gate time of 2.5 μs, two-s, two-qubit gate time of 10 μs, two-s, ion separation and shuttling time of 15 μs, two-s each, static magnetic field gradient ramp-up and ramp-down time of 5 μs, two-s each, and a measurement time of 25 μs, two-s, resulting in a total error correction cycle time of 235 μs, two-s. On the basis of these numbers, performing a 2048-bit number Shor factorization will take on the order of 110 days and require a system size of 2 × 109 trapped ions. Shor factoring of a 1024-bit number will take on the order of 14 days. ... Assuming that it will also be possible to reduce the error rate of each quantum operation below 0.01%, it would be possible to perform the 2048-bit number factorization in approximately 10 days, requiring on the order of 5 × 108 ions.
John Preskill 在 25th Solvay Conference on Physics 所發表的《 The Theory of the Quantum World 》。 指的是一台量子電腦能比古典電腦更好地解決一個計算問題,就說明這台量子電腦具有量子霸權。 即只要證明量子電腦能解決一個古典電腦不能更好地解決的事。 2016 年 Google 發表的《 Characterizing Quantum Supremacy in Near-Term Devices 》論文指 出,超級計算機 Edison 最多能模擬 42 量子位元,所以 Google 若能模擬 50 量子位元,就算打敗了 Edison ,而更接近所謂的量子霸權。 Ref: https://arxiv.org/abs/1203.5813 Ref: https://arxiv.org/abs/1608.00263 Ref: https://www.zhihu.com/question/50370948
Blog 發表一篇 《 A Preview of Bristlecone, Google’s New Quantum Processor 》。 指出, Although no one has achieved this goal yet, we calculate quantum supremacy can be comfortably demonstrated with 49 qubits, a circuit depth exceeding 40, and a two-qubit error below 0.5%. 儘管還沒有人達到這個目標 (double- 註:量子霸權 ) ,但我們認為量子霸權可以用 49 個量子位元,一個電路深度 超過 40 ,兩個量子位元錯誤率低於 0.5 %合理的證明出來。 Ref: https://research.googleblog.com/2018/03/a-preview-of-bristlecone-googles-new.html
achieve similar performance to the best error rates of the 9-qubit device, but now across all 72 qubits of Bristlecone. We believe Bristlecone would then be a compelling proof-of-principle for building larger scale quantum computers. Operating a device such as Bristlecone at low system error requires harmony between a full stack of technology ranging from software and control electronics to the processor itself. Getting this right requires careful systems engineering over several iterations. (double- 指出目前 72 個量子位元的 Bristlecone 的錯誤率不佳,還無法達到 9 個量子位元設備時的最佳錯誤率。 而這涉及軟體、控制電腦設備乃至處理器本身的各方協調。 ) Ref: https://research.googleblog.com/2018/03/a-preview-of-bristlecone-googles-new.html
Topological Quantum Computer )的突破。的突破。 While you may have heard of machines with as many as Google’s 72 qubits, those are imprecise. The tiniest vibrations or energy from the outside environment could lead to an error in the calculation. But Microsoft’s ‘topological’ quantum computers might drastically reduce that noise. (double- 雖然 Google 有報導過 72 個量子位元的晶片,但這些都是不精確的的量子位元。來自外部環境的微小震 動或能量都可能導致計算錯誤。但微軟的 「拓撲」 量子計算機可能能夠大大降低噪音。 ) Ref: https://gizmodo.com/how-will-microsofts-wild-electron-splitting-topological-1824142429
as powerful as 1,000 or 10,000 of the noisier qubits,” Microsoft’s Julie Love, director of quantum computing business development. (double- 微軟量子計算業務發展總監 Julie Love 幾週前接受採訪時說:「我們的一個量子位元將會有 1000 個、 甚至 10000 個嘈雜的量子位元那般強大。」 ) Ref: https://gizmodo.com/how-will-microsofts-wild-electron-splitting-topological-1824142429