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Haskell の型クラスと Typeclassopedia の紹介 #w8lt

B4bd460c2e559d6c151c0541f2d3f719?s=47 Shohei Yasutake
December 16, 2015
Programming
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Haskell の型クラスと Typeclassopedia の紹介 #w8lt

B4bd460c2e559d6c151c0541f2d3f719?s=128

Shohei Yasutake

December 16, 2015
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Transcript

  1. )BTLFMMͷܕΫϥεͱ 5ZQFDMBTTPQFEJBͷ঺հ 8-5 !BNVUBLF@T

  2. ܕΫϥε  ܕʹڞ௨͢Δੑ࣭Λൈ͖ग़ͨ͠΋ͷ  ΦϒδΣΫτࢦ޲ͷΫϥεͱ͸ҧ͏ͷͰ஫ҙ  ܕΫϥε͸͍Ζ͍ΖͳݴޠͰ࢖͑Δ  ͜ͷεϥΠυͰ͸)BTLFMMΛ࢖͏ 

    ྫ  &RΫϥε೚ҙͷͭͷ஋ʹ͍ͭͯ౳͍͔͠౳͘͠ͳ ͍͔Θ͔Δ  0SEΫϥε೚ҙͷͭͷ஋ʹ͍ͭͯॱংΛ͚ͭΒΕΔ  4IPXΫϥεจࣈྻʹม׵Ͱ͖Δ

  3. ܕΫϥε *OU 'MPBU 3BUJPOBM %PVCMF

  4. ܕΫϥε *OU 'MPBU 3BUJPOBM %PVCMF /VN 'MPBUJOH 'SBDUJPOBM ͋·Γ͍͍ྫ͡Όͳ͍͚Ͳ

  5. ܕΫϥεͷఆٛ class Eq a => Ord a where compare ::

    a -> a -> Ordering (<=) :: a -> a -> Bool (<) :: a -> a -> Bool ... ʮܕΫϥε͸0SEͱ͍͏໊લͰ͢ʯ ʮBͱ͍͏ܕ ม਺ ʹ͍ͭͯҎԼͷ ؔ਺Λ࣮૷͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ʯ ʮB͕&RͰ͋Δ͜ͱ Λཁٻ͠·͢ʯ ʮ͜ΕΒͷܕΛ࣋ͭؔ਺ ϝιου Λ࣮૷͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ʯ NJOJNBMDPNQMFUFEFpOJUJPO͕͋Δ৔߹͸ͦΕ͚࣮ͩ૷͢Ε͹͍͍

  6. Πϯελϯεએݴ instance Ord Bool where True <= False = False

    _ <= _ = True ʮ#PPMܕΛ0SEͷΠϯελϯεʹ͠·͢ʯ ʮ  ͱ͍͏ؔ਺ͷ࣮૷Ͱ͢ʯ ʮ0SEͷ.JOJNBMDPNQMFUFEFpOJUJPO͸ DPNQBSF·ͨ͸  ͳͷͰ͜ΕͰऴΘΓͰ͢ʯ

  7. ܕΫϥεΛ࢖ͬͨؔ਺ sort :: Ord a => [a] -> [a] sort

    = ... ʮ0SEͷੑ࣭Λ࢖͏ͷͰɺܕม਺B͸ 0SEͷΠϯελϯεͰͳ͚Ε͹͍͚·ͤΜɻ Ͱ΋0SEͰ͋Ε͹ͲΜͳܕͰ΋େৎ෉ʯ

  8. ܕΫϥεͷخ͠͞  ࣗ෼Ͱ࡞ͬͨܕΛͳʹ͔ͷܕΫϥεͷΠϯελϯεʹ͢Δ
 ˠͦͷܕΫϥεʹ͍ͭͯఆٛͯ͋͠Δؔ਺͕λμͰ࢖͑ ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ  ྫࣗ࡞ͷܕΛ.POBEͷΠϯελϯεʹ͢Δ   Λ࣮૷͢Δ

    ͱɺ$POUSPM.POBEϞδϡʔϧʹఆٛ͞ Ε͍ͯΔؔ਺͚ͩͰ΋ݸͷؔ਺͕࢖͑ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ  Կ͔ͷܕΫϥεʹ͍ͭͯͷؔ਺Λ࡞Δ
 ˠͦͷܕΫϥεͷΠϯελϯεʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ͢΂ͯͷܕ Ͱͦͷؔ਺͕࢖͑ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ CBTF

  9. 5ZQFDMBTTPQFEJBͱ͸  )BTLFMMͷجຊతͳܕΫϥεͷղઆهࣄ  )BTLFMMͰ͸͍Ζ͍ΖͳܕͱܕΫϥεʹ׳ΕΔ ͜ͱ͕ͱͯ΋ॏཁ  IUUQTXJLJIBTLFMMPSH5ZQFDMBTTPQFEJB ܕΫϥεͷґଘؔ܎

  10. ঺հ͞Ε͍ͯΔܕΫϥε  'VODUPS "QQMJDBUJWF .POBE .POBE5SBOT  .POBE'JY 4FNJHSPVQ .POPJE

    'PMEBCMF  5SBWFSTBCMF $BUFHPSZ "SSPX $PNPOBE  Ұ֮ͭ͑Δ͝ͱʹͰ͖Δ͜ͱ͕޿͕Δ  'VODUPS "QQMJDBUJWF .POBE .POBE5SBOT͘ Β͍·Ͱ΍Δͱ͍ͩͿ͍Ζ͍ΖͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ  lThere is no royal road to Haskell.zͱ͍͏ϢʔΫ Ϧουͷ༗໊ͳݴ༿͕͋Δͬͯ5ZQFDMBTTPQFEJBʹॻ͍ͯΔ ࣌఺

  11. ཧղͷͨΊͷ৺ߏ͑  ˞͜ΕΒ͸ݸਓతͳҙݟͰ͢  આ໌ΛಡΜͰ͏Μ͏ΜᄬΔΑΓͱΓ͍͋͑ͣΖ͍ΖͳΠϯε λϯεΛ࢖ͬͯΈͯ׳ΕΔͷ͕Ұ൪͍͍ͱࢥ͏  .POBEͳͲͷΠϝʔδΛߟ͑͸͡ΊΔͱυπϘʹ͸·ΔՄ ೳੑ͕͋ΔͷͰɺܕͱίʔυ͚ͩΈͯߟ͑Δ 

    ܕΫϥεͷϝιου͚ͩݟΔΑΓݸʑͷΠϯελϯεͷఆٛ ΛΈͯߟ͑Δ  'VODUPS΋.POBE΋ͨͩͷܕΫϥεɻগ͠ܕ͕ෳࡶͳͩ ͚Ͱ&R΍0SEͱಉ͡  ࢖͏͚ͩͳΒ୅਺΍ݍ࿦͸஌Βͳͯ͘΋େৎ෉

  12. ༨ஊ  ࣋ͭ΂͖ੑ࣭Λຬͨ͞ͳ͍Α͏ͳΠϯελϯε΋࡞ΕΔ  ੑ࣭Λຬ͍ͨͯ͠Δ͜ͱΛલఏͱ͢Δؔ਺͕յΕΔ ͦ͠ ͯؾ͖ͮʹ͍͘   ϞφυଇΛຬ͍ͨͯ͠ͳ͍Ϟφυͱ͔؆୯ʹ࡞ΕΔ

     ੑ࣭Λຬ͍ͨͯ͠ͳ͍ͱΠϯελϯεΛ࡞Εͳ͍Α͏ʹͨ͠ ͍  ˠ$PRͱ͔*ESJTͱ͔࢖͑͹Ͱ͖·͢  ϝιουͷܕͷͱ͜Ζʹ໋୊Λॻ͘  )BTLFMMͰ΋Ͱ͖Δʁ ࠷ۙͷ()$ͷܕϨϕϧࣄ৘Λ͋ ·Γ஌Βͳ͍

  13. ·ͱΊ  ܕΫϥεͱ͍͏ػೳʹ͍ͭͯ؆୯ʹઆ໌͠·͠ ͨ  5ZQFDMBTTPQFEJBͱ͍͏ओཁͳܕΫϥεͷղઆ هࣄΛ঺հ͠·ͨ͠  ͱΓ͋͑ͣ࢖ͬͯΈͯ׳ΕΔͷ͕͍͍ͱࢥ͍· ͢