UX Sofia, 7 June 2012

RWD: The specs behind the sex DEVICE-FRIENDLY LAYOUTS BEYOND THE
DESKTOP

Zeldman pic by Tony Quartarolo

Mobile Web philosophy

Three methodologies

1. Special mobile site 2. Do nothing at all 3.
Optimise for mobile

photo: http://www.useit.com/jakob/photos/jakob_likes_it-big.jpg

Rule of thumbs Like accessibility, retrofitting for RWD on a
non-trivial site (eg, different templates, data tables etc) is an order of magnitude more expensive than building it RWD from scratch.

refactored for small screen, not dumbed down for mobile

offer users choice: desktop or mobile?

beware browser sniffing photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/timdorr/2096272747/

Optimise for mobile

not WAP or text anymore...

Optimise for mobile

CSS 3 Media Queries

CSS 3 Media Queries • builds on CSS 2.1 Media
Types concept • more granular control (not just screen, print...) http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-mediaqueries/

Media features width color height color-index device-width monochrome device-height resolution
orientation scan aspect-ratio grid device-aspect-ratio

CSS 3 Media Queries <link rel="stylesheet" ... media="screen and (max-width:480px)"
href="..."> @import url("...") screen and (max-width:480px); @media screen and (max-width:480px) { // insert CSS rules here }

Multiple expressions – and keyword @media screen and (min-width:180px) and
(max- width:480px) { // screen device and width > 180px // and width < 480px }

Multiple expressions – comma separated @media screen and (min-width:800px), print
and (min-width:20em) { // screen device with width > 800px // or print device with width > 20em }

Negative expressions – not keyword @media not screen and (min-width:800px)
{ // not applied to screen device // with width > 800px }

Exclusive expressions – only keyword @media only screen and (min-width:800px)
{ // only applied to screen device // with width > 800px }

Multiple media queries /* “The absence of a media query
is the first media query” Bryan Rieger */ @media screen and (max-width:480px) { // screen device and width < 480px } @media screen and (max-width:980px) { // screen device and width < 980px } @media screen and (min-width:980px) { // screen device and width > 980px }

http://mediaqueri.es

www.themaninblue.com/writing/perspective/2004/09/21

unsolved mysteries…

mobile devices lie

physical vs virtual pixels

viewport meta suggests an initial layout viewport and zoom

Viewport properties width initial-scale height minimum-scale user-scalable maximum-scale

This is the viewport

Not just this, but it's almost always the width you
want to control

no viewport defined in <head>, so fallback to default of
980px, which is squeezed inside 320px.

viewport meta <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=320, initial- scale=2.3,user-scalable=no">
http://developer.apple.com/safari/library/documentation/AppleApplications/Reference/SafariWebContent/UsingtheViewport/UsingtheViewport.html

If you're using Media Queries: <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> If you
have an explicit width: <meta name="viewport" content="width=550">

high-dpi devices lie twice

Inception-like resources people.opera.com/patrickl/experiments/viewport-meta-css/ (bit.ly/KldE8Z) dev.opera.com/articles/view/an-introduction-to-meta- viewport-and-viewport/

CSS Device Adaptation @viewport { width: 320px; zoom: 2.3; user-zoom:
fixed; } Opera Mobile, Opera Mini, Internet Explorer 10 with prefixes www.w3.org/TR/css-device-adapt dev.opera.com/articles/view/an-introduction-to-meta-viewport-and-viewport

Viewport properties width / min-width / max-width user-zoom height /
min-height / max-height orientation zoom / min-zoom / max-zoom resolution

/* selective viewport via CSS */ @media … { @-o-viewport
{ … /* for propellerheads */ } }

@-o-viewport { /* minimum of 550px viewport width */ width:
550px auto; max-zoom: auto; }

Testing viewport: Opera Mobile Emulator

The future

matchMedia if (window.matchMedia("(min-width: 400px)").matches) { /* the view port is
at least 400 pixels wide */ } else { /* the view port is less than 400 pixels wide */ } For IE9+ and Opera, polyfill github.com/paulirish/matchMedia.js/

Not in older browsers

fixmystreet.com @media screen and (max-width: 480px) { body {display: table;
caption-side: bottom;} Nav { float: none; display: table-caption; width:100%; } }

lowsrc <img src=hires.jpg lowsrc=lores.jpg alt="blah"> Both images are download; never
in spec

Apple way <img src=lores.jpg data-src=hires.jpg alt="blah"> Both images are download;
requires JS for hires image

adaptive-images.com Add .htaccess and adaptive-images.php to your document- root folder.
Add one line of JavaScript into the <head> of your site. Add your CSS Media Query values into $resolutions in the PHP file.

Super WebKit-tastic CSS selector {background: image-set (url(foo-lowres.png) 1x, url(foo-highres.png) 2x)
center;} selector {background: image-set (url(foo-lowres.png) 1x low-bandwidth, url(foo-highres.png) 2x high-bandwidth);} http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/2012Feb/1103.html

.. extrapolate to HTML? <img src="face-600-200-at-1.jpeg" alt="" srcset="face-600-200-at-1.jpeg 600w 200h
1x, face-600-200-at-2.jpeg 600w 200h 2x, face-icon.png 200w 200h"> A comma-separated list of URLs each with one or more descriptors giving the maximum viewport dimensions and pixel density allowed to use the image.

Media Query "hints" From the available options, the user agent
then picks the most appropriate image. If the viewport dimensions or pixel density changes, the user agent can replace the image data with a new image on the fly.

Good or evil?

Good or evil? Florian Rivoal

Script media query @media screen and (script) {...} @media screen
and not (script) {…} http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/2012Jan/0034.html

hover media query The ‘hover’ media feature is used to
query whether primary pointing system used on the output device can hover or not.

pointer media query none The input mechanism of the device
does not include a pointing device. coarse The input mechanism of the device includes a pointing device of limited accuracy. fine The input mechanism of the device includes an accurate pointing device.

@media (paged) and (interactive:0) { // I am like a
printer } @media (paged) and (interactive) { // I'm a projector, or like a Kindle } @media (paged) and (interactive) and (touch) { // I'm like a touch-screen Kindle }

@media (touch) and (max-width: 480) { // looks like an
smart phone } @media (touch) and (keyboard) and (min-width:600) { // looks like a touch-screen laptop }

@media (remote) { // TV or set-top box? } @media
(remote) and (hover) { // Wii? }

Tangent about web on TV "Searching, browsing, updating and buffering
are not TV- like. In fact an enormous number of people found that the technology they had purchased wasn't what they expected at all, that they were bringing the worst parts of using a computer into the television environment." www.insideci.co.uk/news/rovi-research-reveals-changing-consumer-habits.aspx

OMG watchin TV LOL #justsayin Most consumers have up to
five devices that do social media better than a TV. Consumer engagement with social media is inversely proportional to the size of the screen used for it.

No shit, sherlock! Teenagers were "horrified at the prospect of
displaying their social activities on the family TV." Image from www.buzzfeed.com/scott/holy-shit-halloween-costume

</tangent>

@media (network: v-slow) {..} Florian: "It has been proposed. Most
people agree that it would be cool, nobody has a clue about how to spec it in a way that is useful and implementable. If you find people with a clue, encourage them to submit proposals to me or to [email protected]. Use [css4-mediaqueries] in the subject line, and read lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www- style/2012Mar/0691.html first."

“embrace the fluidity, don't fight it”

[email protected] opera.com/developer www.brucelawson.co.uk @brucel

UX Sofia, 7 June 2012

UX Sofia, 7 June 2012

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