SOC 4650 & SOC 5650 - Lecture 12

Slides for Lecture 12 of the Saint Louis University Course Introduction to GIS. These slides introduce concepts related to geoprocessing data, including select by area, clip, and dissolve operations.

Transcript

1. GEOPROCESSING (PART 1) INTRO TO GISC CHRISTOPHER PRENER, PH.D. SPRING 2018 WEEK 13 LECTURE 12
2. AGENDA 1. Front Matter 2. GISc & Public Policy 3. Labeling 4. Select By Location 5. Clip 6. Dissolve 7. Back Matter INTRO TO GISC / WEEK 13 / LECTURE 12
3. 1 FRONT 
 MATTER
4. 1. FRONT MATTER ANNOUNCEMENTS Lab 11, Problem Set 08, and Lecture Prep 12 are due next Monday! This is the last problem set! Targeted labs and lecture preps will continue. Full credit given to all for last two lecture preps. Check GitHub Issues for feedback on problem sets, final project feedback coming this week - please respond to final project feedback by class on Monday
5. 2 GISC & PUBLIC POLICY
6. LABELING 3
7. 3. LABELING LABEL PROPERTIES
8. LAYER LABELS
9. 3. LABELING LABEL PROPERTIES
10. LABEL SCALE
11. LABEL ISSUES
12. LABEL ANNOTATIONS
13. LABEL ANNOTATIONS
14. LABEL ANNOTATIONS
15. LABEL ANNOTATIONS
16. LABEL ANNOTATIONS
17. LABEL ANNOTATIONS
18. 3. LABELING LABEL PLACEMENT Morrissey Morrissey Morrissey Good Poor
19. 3. LABELING LABEL PLACEMENT McGannon Morrissey Morrissey McGannon Good Poor
20. 3. LABELING LABEL PLACEMENT St. Louis Good Poor St. Louis
21. 3. LABELING LABEL HIERARCHY Shaw St. Louis Missouri Maplewood Clayton Maplewood CLAYTON ST. LOUIS CITY M I S S I S S I P P I R I V E R Shaw ST. LOUIS CITY ST. LOUIS CITY MISSISSIPPI RIVER
22. SELECT BY LOCATION 4
23. KEY TERM The select by location 
 tool is used to subset 
 geometric data based on spatial relationships. It works like the filter() function from dplyr, but based on space instead of attributes.
24. SBL WITH POINTS (CONCEPTUAL) Target Layer ID Shape 104 Point 105 Point 106 Point 107 Point 108 Point 109 Point 110 Point 111 Point 112 Point 113 Point 114 Point
25. SBL WITH POINTS (CONCEPTUAL) Target Layer ID Shape 104 Point 105 Point 106 Point 107 Point 108 Point 109 Point 110 Point 111 Point 112 Point 113 Point 114 Point 23 ID Shape 23 Polygon Source Layer
26. SBL WITH POINTS (CONCEPTUAL) Target Layer ID Shape 104 Point 105 Point 106 Point 107 Point 108 Point 109 Point 110 Point 111 Point 112 Point 113 Point 114 Point ID Shape 23 Polygon Source Layer 23
27. SBL WITH POLYGONS (CONCEPTUAL) Target Layer ID Shape Type 104 Polygon A 105 Polygon B 106 Polygon A 107 Polygon B 104 105 106 107
28. SBL WITH POLYGONS (CONCEPTUAL) Target Layer ID Shape Type 104 Polygon A 105 Polygon B 106 Polygon A 107 Polygon B 104 105 106 107 ID Shape Zone 23 Polygon 2 Source Layer 23
29. SBL WITH POLYGONS (CONCEPTUAL) Target Layer ID Shape Type 104 Polygon A 105 Polygon B 106 Polygon A 107 Polygon B 104 105 106 107 23 ID Shape Zone 23 Polygon 2 Source Layer
30. SBL WITH POLYGONS (CONCEPTUAL) Target Layer ID Shape Type 104 Polygon A 105 Polygon B 106 Polygon A 107 Polygon B 104 105 106 107 ID Shape Zone 23 Polygon 2 Source Layer 23
31. SBL WITH LINES (CONCEPTUAL) Target Layer ID Shape Type 104 Line Interstate 105 Line State 106 Line Interstate 107 Line Interstate 108 Line State 109 Line US 110 Line Interstate 111 Line Interstate 112 Line US 113 Line Interstate 114 Line State ID Shape 23 Polygon Source Layer 23
32. SBL WITH LINES (CONCEPTUAL) Target Layer ID Shape Type 104 Line Interstate 105 Line US 106 Line Interstate 107 Line Interstate 108 Line State 109 Line US 110 Line Interstate 111 Line Interstate 112 Line US 113 Line Interstate 114 Line State ID Shape 23 Polygon Source Layer 23
33. ▸ Polygon data • All Census Tracts • Census Tract 124100 ▸ Point data - Murders in St. Louis ▸ Line data - street centerlines (not shown) 4. SELECT BY LOCATION SBL EXAMPLES
34. SBL WITH POINTS (EXAMPLE)
35. SELECT BY LOCATION
36. SELECT BY LOCATION
37. SELECT BY LOCATION
38. SELECT BY LOCATION
39. SELECT BY LOCATION
40. CLIP 5
41. KEY TERM The clip tool is used to 
 edit geometric data 
 without modifying the underlying attributes. It is typically used with line and polygon data.
42. CLIP WITH POLYGONS (CONCEPTUAL) Input Features ID Shape Type 104 Polygon A 105 Polygon B 106 Polygon A 107 Polygon B 104 105 106 107 ID Shape Zone 23 Polygon 2 Clip Features 23
43. CLIP WITH POLYGONS (CONCEPTUAL) Output Features 104 105 106 23 ID Shape Type 104 Polygon A 105 Polygon B 106 Polygon A ID Shape Zone 23 Polygon 2 Clip Features
44. CLIP WITH LINES (CONCEPTUAL) Input Features ID Shape Type 104 Line Interstate 105 Line State 106 Line Interstate 107 Line Interstate 108 Line State 109 Line US 110 Line Interstate 111 Line Interstate 112 Line US 113 Line Interstate 114 Line State ID Shape 23 Polygon Clip Features 23
45. CLIP WITH LINES (CONCEPTUAL) Output Features ID Shape Type 108 Line State 109 Line US ID Shape 23 Polygon Clip Layer
46. ▸ Polygon data • All Census Tracts • Census Tract 124100 ▸ Line data - street centerlines 5. CLIP CLIP EXAMPLE
47. CLIP WITH LINES (EXAMPLE)
48. CLIP WITH LINES (EXAMPLE)
49. CLIP WITH LINES (EXAMPLE)
50. 6 DISSOLVE
51. KEY TERM The dissolve tool is used 
 to edit both the geometric 
 data and the underlying attributes by combining them based on a shared attribute. It is typically used with line and polygon data.
52. HIGHER ORDER SPATIAL STRUCTURES City Census Tract Census Block Group Census 
 Block
53. HIGHER ORDER SPATIAL STRUCTURES Census 
 Block
 Group A Census 
 Block 
 Group B Census 
 Block 
 Group C
54. HIGHER ORDER SPATIAL STRUCTURES Census 
 Tract Census 
 Block
 Group A Census 
 Block 
 Group B Census 
 Block 
 Group C
55. 6. DISSOLVE DISSOLVE POLYGONS This is the more common use for dissolve - a lower order polygon is dissolved into a higher order one. Tract CBG Shape 1 A Polygon 1 B Polygon 1 C Polygon Input Features Census 
 Block
 Group A Census 
 Block 
 Group B Census 
 Block 
 Group C
56. Census 
 Tract 6. DISSOLVE DISSOLVE POLYGONS This is the more common use for dissolve - a lower order polygon is dissolved into a higher order one. Tract Shape 1 Polygon Output Features
57. 6. DISSOLVE DISSOLVE LINES This is the less common use for dissolve - a lower order line is dissolved into a higher order one. Street Block Shape Main 101 Line Main 102 Line Main 103 Line Input Features 101 102 103
58. 6. DISSOLVE DISSOLVE LINES This is the less common use for dissolve - a lower order line is dissolved into a higher order one. 1 Street Shape Main Line Output Features
59. ▸ Polygon data • All census tracts • A group of census tracts in Downtown St. Louis ▸ We can use the STATEFP attribute for the dissolve since it is common across all of the tracts in the downtown layer. You may have to make your own attribute occasionally. 6. DISSOLVE DISSOLVE
60. DISSOLVE
61. DISSOLVE
62. DISSOLVE
63. DISSOLVE
64. 7 BACK 
 MATTER
65. AGENDA REVIEW 2. GISc & Public Policy 3. Labeling 4. Select By Location 5. Clip 6. Dissolve 7. BACK MATTER
66. REMINDERS 7. BACK MATTER Lab 11, Problem Set 08, and Lecture Prep 12 are due next Monday! This is the last problem set! Targeted labs and lecture preps will continue. Full credit given to all for last two lecture preps. Check GitHub Issues for feedback on problem sets, final project feedback coming this week - please respond to final project feedback by class on Monday