Complex Societies and the Growth of the Law - Short Presentation at Stanford CodeX 2021

Short Presentation at Stanford CodeX 2021 - Law, Education and Experience Talks (LEX)

Transcript

1. Complex Societies and the Growth of the Law
   Janis Beckedorf, Michael Bommarito, Corinna Coupette, Dirk Hartung & Daniel Martin Katz
   Presentation at Stanford CodeX 2021 - Law, Education and Experience Talks (LEX)
   

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2. Janis Beckedorf
   Heidelberg University
   Corinna Coupette
   Max Planck Institute
   for Informatics
   Daniel M. Katz
   Illinois Tech Chicago-Kent
   Bucerius Law School
   Stanford CodeX
   Dirk Hartung
   Bucerius Law School
   Stanford CodeX
   Overall Research Group
   Michael Bommarito
   Stanford CodeX
   

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3. buceri.us/techcenter
   

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4. We believe that Legal Complexity is a key underlying dynamic
   The inability to scale human capital alone to the scope and
   complexity of legal rule systems
   Demand for Legal Technology, Design, Informatics, Process
   Engineering are (in part) responses to increasing legal
   complexity
   Relationship Between Legal Complexity and
   Legal Innovation
   

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5. WHAT IS
   Legal
   Complexity?
   

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6. HOW MIGHT WE MEASURE
   Legal
   Complexity?
   

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7. Daniel Martin Katz & Michael Bommarito, Measuring
   the complexity of the law: the United States Code,
   Artificial intelligence and law, 22(4), 337-374. (2014)
   Michael Bommarito & Daniel Martin Katz, A
   Mathematical Approach to the Study of the United
   States Code. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and
   its Applications, 389 (19), 4195-4200 (2010).
   

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8. Here Katz/Bommarito ONLY
   investigated a single
   temporal snapshot of the
   2010 US Code in an effort to
   explore its complexity
   Daniel Martin Katz & Michael Bommarito, Measuring
   the complexity of the law: the United States Code,
   Artificial intelligence and law, 22(4), 337-374. (2014)
   

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9. Daniel Martin Katz, Corinna Coupette, Janis Beckedorf & Dirk Hartung,
   Complex Societies and the Growth of the Law,
   10 Scientific Reports 18737 (2020)
   < Nature Research >
   

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10. “We analyze the time
    series across both US
    and Germany over the
    past 25 years
    

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11. Abs. 2
    § 858
    Abschnitt 1
    Buch 3
    BGB
    § 859
    Abs. 4
    Hierarchy
    Reference
    Sequence
    

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12. Summary Statistics (2018)
    

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13. Substantial Growth
    Germany
    USA
    

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14. “But where is the Growth ?
    And how do we characterize
    this as time ticks forward ?
    Research interest
    

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15. Nodes
    > Chapters of the US Code in 2018
    > Size depends on the text length
    Edges
    > Cross-references from one
    Chapter to another
    > Opacity depends on the count of
    cross-references
    Chapter Quotient Graph
    

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16. “Can we get a more
    expressive grouping?
    

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17. Clustering with Infomap
    Source: Rosvall, M., Axelsson, D. & Bergstrom, C. The map equation. Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top. 178, 13–23 (2009).
    

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18. Cluster Quotient Graphs
    ...
    …
    [annual]
    1994 2018
    

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19. “Now we can trace the
    clusters over time …
    

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20. Clustering – Family Graph
    > Multiple possible resolutions
    > Color by connected component
    = cluster family
    

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21. In our latest paper, we have added the
    Regulations to the Statutes …
    Over more than two decades, this adds
    over a billion of words (tokens) to the
    analysis …
    

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22. J.B. Ruhl
    Vanderbilt Law
    Pierpaolo Vivo
    King’s College
    The Physics of Law
    Legal Systems Through the Prism of Complexity Science
    Dan Katz
    Chicago-Kent
    Publication in
    Frontiers in Physics
    (H1 2021)
    physicsoflaw.com
    Nov 12–13, 2020
    20
    Papers
    62
    Authors
    650+
    Registrations
    292
    Participants
    (>30 Min.)
    48
    Countries
    Dirk Hartung
    Bucerius Law
    

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23. Methods
    Paper with
    exemplary
    application
    https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3773130
    

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24. Growth:
    Better Picture
    including Regs
    

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26. Meso:
    Families /
    Topics
    Germany
    United
    States
    

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27. Micro: Section Types
    

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28. Micro: Section Types
    

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29. Source: Coupette/Fleckner, Festschrift 25 Jahre WpHG, De Gruyter, 2019
    Wertpapierhandelsgesetz (Securities Trading Act)
    1995 2007
    2019
    

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30. Profiles: Securities Trading Act
    (Wertpapierhandelsgesetz)
    

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31. Profiles:
    Reliance +
    Responsibility
    Dodd-Frank Act
    (United States)
    Securities Trading Act
    (Germany)
    

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32. Macro: Legal Networks are Interesting Networks
    In-Only
    Component
    Out-Only
    Component
    Strongly
    Connected
    Component
    Social, Bio Networks and Internet: Bowties
    IN SCC
    T&T
    T&T
    OUT
    Legal Docs Network: Rocket
    

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33. Legal Complexity Research
    Federal
    State
    Local
    Legislative Executive Judiciary
    International
    Advanced methods
    leading to
    interdisciplinarily
    relevant insights
    Private Law (e.g. Contracts, etc.)
    

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34. Complex Societies and the Growth of the Law
    Janis Beckedorf, Michael Bommarito, Corinna Coupette, Dirk Hartung & Daniel Martin Katz
    Presentation at Stanford CodeX 2021 - Law, Education and Experience Talks (LEX)
    

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