HOST GALAXIES of SN Ic & Ic-BL from PTF: IMPLICATION for JET PRODUCTION

EWASS 2019 - based on this paper https://www.google.com/search?q=arxiv.org+modjaz&oq=arxiv.org+modjaz&aqs=chrome..69i57j69i60.9003j0j1&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

1. HOST GALAXIES of SN Ic & Ic-BL from PTF: IMPLICATION for JET PRODUCTION Maryam Modjaz, Federica B. Bianco, Magdalena Siwek, Shan Huang, David Fierroz, Yuqian Liu, Dan Perley, Iair Arcavi, Bradley S. Cenko, Alex V. Filippenko, Avishay Gal- Yam, Mansi Kasliwal, Shri Kulkarni, Steve Schulze, Thomas Brink, Kelsey I. Clubb, Melissa Graham, Jon Mauerhan, Isaac Shivvers, Jeffrey M. Silverman, Weikang Zheng @fedhere fedhere
2. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results http://fbb.space/science/vizs/snclassificationviz/index.html SN Ic - SN IcBL - SNwGRB connection • Not all SN IcBL have GRB • Long GRB associated only w SN IcBL • All long GRB z<0.3 associated w SN IcBL
3. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results SN Ic - SN IcBL - SNwGRB connection • Not all SN IcBL have GRB • Long GRB associated only w SN IcBL • All long GRB z<0.3 associated w SN IcBL Missing GRB explanations • Off-axis • No GRB produced • Chocked GRB (low energy) • Do all stripped SNe have engines? http://fbb.space/science/vizs/snclassificationviz/index.html
4. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results SN Ic - SN IcBL - SNwGRB connection • Not all SN IcBL have GRB • Long GRB associated only w SN IcBL • All long GRB z<0.3 associated w SN IcBL Stripping models • Stellar winds -> high Z • Rotationally driven winds -> low Z • Chemically homogeneous evolution in binary -> low Z • Binary evolution-> high SFR LowZ <-> high SFR (Mannucci+ 2011) Missing GRB explanations • Off-axis • No GRB produced • Chocked GRB (low energy) • Do all stripped SNe have engines? http://fbb.space/science/vizs/snclassificationviz/index.html Heuvel & Portegies-Zwart+2013 Vink+2001 e.g. Yoon+2006 Cantiello+2007
5. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results SN Ic - SN IcBL - SNwGRB connection • Not all SN IcBL have GRB • Long GRB associated only w SN IcBL • All long GRB z<0.3 associated w SN IcBL How do the environments of SN Ic, IcBL, SNwGRB compare? Missing GRB explanations • Off-axis • No GRB produced • Chocked GRB (low energy) • Do all stripped SNe have engines? Stripping models • Stellar winds -> high Z • Rotationally driven winds -> low Z • Chemically homogeneous evolution in binary -> low Z • Binary evolution-> high SFR LowZ <-> high SFR (Mannucci+ 2011)
6. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production pyMCZ: an #openacces, #opensource #python module to derive metallicity AND ITS UNCERTAINTY from HII region strong lines (140 character or less... you can tweet that!) federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results 1. Unbiased sample of SNe GRB sample + PTF 2. Carefully type SNe w SNID if there is a continuum the “classification” is not well defined 3. Measure SFR and local Z (with uncertainties!) 4. Generally responsible use of statistical analysis… \Spectra for all galaxies (re-observing PTF) Photometry Optical from SDSS/NS-Atlas/Pan-STARRS, UV from Galex Modjaz 2011
7. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production pyMCZ: an #openacces, #opensource #python module to derive metallicity AND ITS UNCERTAINTY from HII region strong lines (140 character or less... you can tweet that!) federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results PTF Ic 10bhu (SN site) observed spectrum continuum + nebular fit + residuals continuum emission line spectrum f (10 15 erg s 1 cm 1 ˚ A 1) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) [O II] H H H↵ [N II] 4000 5000 6000 7000 f (10 15 erg s 1 cm 1 ˚ A 1) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) [O II] H H H↵ [N II] 4000 5000 6000 7000 f (10 15 erg s 1 cm 1 ˚ A 1) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) [O II] H H H↵ [N II] 4000 5000 6000 7000 PTF Ic 10fmx (SN site) observed spectrum continuum + nebular fit + residuals continuum emission line spectrum f (10 15 erg s 1 cm 1 ˚ A 1) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) [O II] H H H↵ [N II] 4000 5000 6000 7000 f (10 15 erg s 1 cm 1 ˚ A 1) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) [O II] H H H↵ [N II] 4000 5000 6000 7000 f (10 15 erg s 1 cm 1 ˚ A 1) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) [O II] H H H↵ [N II] 4000 5000 6000 7000 Scales: • KD02comb (theoretical) • D13_N2S2_O3S2 (theoretical) • PP04_O3N2 (hybrid) • M08 N2Hα (hybrid) E(B − V)host estimates. host-galaxy spectra sample 28 SNe Ic (PTF) 14 SN Ic-bl (PTF) 11 SB-GRB Spectra obtained by us at Keck I, Keck II, P200, GeminiN & GeminiS
8. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production pyMCZ: an #openacces, #opensource #python module to derive metallicity AND ITS UNCERTAINTY from HII region strong lines (140 character or less... you can tweet that!) federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results PTF Ic-bl 09sk (nuc) observed spectrum continuum + nebular fit + residuals continuum emission line spectrum f (10 15 erg s 1 cm 1 ˚ A 1) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) [O II] H H H↵ [N II] 4000 5000 6000 7000 f (10 15 erg s 1 cm 1 ˚ A 1) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) [O II] H H H↵ [N II] 4000 5000 6000 7000 f (10 15 erg s 1 cm 1 ˚ A 1) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) [O II] H H H↵ [N II] 4000 5000 6000 7000 PTF Ic-bl 10aavz (SN site) observed spectrum continuum + nebular fit + residuals continuum emission line spectrum f (10 15 erg s 1 cm 1 ˚ A 1) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) [O II] H H H↵ [N II] 4000 5000 6000 7000 f (10 15 erg s 1 cm 1 ˚ A 1) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) [O II] H H H↵ [N II] 4000 5000 6000 7000 f (10 15 erg s 1 cm 1 ˚ A 1) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) Observed Wavelength ( ˚ A) [O II] H H H↵ [N II] 4000 5000 6000 7000 Scales: • KD02comb (theoretical) • D13_N2S2_O3S2 (theoretical) • PP04_O3N2 (hybrid) • M08 N2Hα (hybrid) E(B − V)host estimates. host-galaxy spectra sample 28 SNe Ic (PTF) 14 SN Ic-bl (PTF) 11 SB-GRB Spectra obtained by us at Keck I, Keck II, P200, GeminiN & GeminiS
9. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production pyMCZ: an #openacces, #opensource #python module to derive metallicity AND ITS UNCERTAINTY from HII region strong lines (140 character or less... you can tweet that!) federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results Spectra obtained by us at Keck I, Keck II, P200, GeminiN & GeminiS
10. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production pyMCZ: an #openacces, #opensource #python module to derive metallicity AND ITS UNCERTAINTY from HII region strong lines (140 character or less... you can tweet that!) federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results https://github.com/fedhere/getPTFSNcoords Spectra obtained by us at Keck I, Keck II, P200, GeminiN & GeminiS
11. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production pyMCZ: an #openacces, #opensource #python module to derive metallicity AND ITS UNCERTAINTY from HII region strong lines (140 character or less... you can tweet that!) federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results pyMCZ: an #openacces #opensource #python module to derive metallicity and its uncertainty from HII region strong lines (140 character or less... so that you can tweet that!) Bianco+16 Astronomy&Computing KD02comb PP04_O3N2 https://github.com/nyusngroup/pyMCZ + M08_N2Hα & D13_N2S2_O3S2
12. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production pyMCZ: an #openacces, #opensource #python module to derive metallicity AND ITS UNCERTAINTY from HII region strong lines (140 character or less... you can tweet that!) federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results pyMCZ: an #openacces, #opensource #python module to derive metallicity AND ITS UNCERTAINTY from HII region strong lines https://github.com/nyusngroup/pyMCZ Bianco+16 Astronomy&Computing Analytic 12+log(O/H) Resampling 12+log(O/H) Residuals pyMCZ: an #openacces #opensource #python module to derive metallicity and its uncertainty from HII region strong lines v2.0 which includes treatment of upper limits
13. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results BPT diagram:
 all our galaxies are star-forming log [NII]6584 / Hα -1 1 -2 0 GRB031203/SN2003lw Line ratio (model free) Ic consistent w SDSS difference b/w Ic & Ic-BL ΝΟ difference b/w Ic-BL & SN-GRB (2σ) log [ΟΙII]5007 / Hβ
14. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results log [NII]6584 / Hα -2 0 GRB031203/SN2003lw. Ζ log [NII]6584 / Hα -1 1 -2 0 GRB031203/SN2003lw log [ΟΙII]5007 / Hβ Methodological gap: statistical analysis in the presence of censored data and heteroschedastic uncertainties! Line ratio (model free) Ic consistent w SDSS difference b/w Ic & Ic-BL ΝΟ difference b/w Ic-BL & SN-GRB (2σ) ZIc > ZIc-BL ~ ZSN-GRB (2σ)
15. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results log(O/H) + 12 ΜΕΤΑLLICITY: difference b/w Ic & Ic-BL ΝΟT b/w Ic-BL & SN-GRB (2σ) • Unbiased survey of Ic/IC-BL • Including uncertainties from line measurements from sample size • Removing AGN contamination Compared with previous studies (Modjaz+08, Lavesque+10, Japel+18) ZIc > ZIc-BL ~ ZSN-GRB (2σ) log(O/H) + 12
16. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results ΜΕΤΑLLICITY: difference b/w Ic & Ic-BL ΝΟT b/w Ic-BL & SN-GRB (2σ) • Unbiased survey of Ic/IC-BL • Including uncertainties from line measurements from sample size • Removing AGN contamination Compared with previous studies (Modjaz+08, Lavesque+10, Japel+18) ZIc > ZIc-BL ~ ZSN-GRB (2σ) log(O/H) + 12 Japalj+18
17. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results L-Z RELATION: . Blue Compact Galaxies Metal Poor Galaxies Ic-BL hosts Levesque+ 2010 SN-GRB is below L-Z for (dwarf irregular) galaxies Stanek et al. (2006), Kewley et al. (2007), Fruchter et al. (2006), Modjaz et al. (2008), Kocevski et al. (2009), Levesque (2010)
18. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results M-Z RELATION: Ic ~ SDSS Ic-BL ~ SDSS SN-GRB ~ SDSS (!!) 1-D test:
 compare the linear fits -> within uncertainty 2-D test (in limited M range): is there anything intrinsic about the M − Z relation of SN-GRB hosts, or are they similar to the SDSS galaxies just losing the ability to produce GRBs at a certain Z threshold 
 cross-match test (Roosland 2015) measures Mahalanobis distance between points-> within uncertainty
19. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results What about SFR? Higher for Ic Similar for Ic-BL & SN-GRB
20. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results Conclusions 1. SN Ic-BL and SN-GRB prefer (statistically) similar low Z environments (this work) 2. Barnes+2017 (w FBB & Modjaz): perform an end-to-end simulation of SN- GRBs via state- of-the-art hydrodynamic and spectral synthesis simulations and produces a SN-BL lightcurve 3. Modjaz, Liu, Bianco. Graur 2016: SNe Ic-bl w/o GRBs have lower velocities and less broadened lines than SNe-GRBs We propose: - SN-Ic do not produce jets (as claimed in Sobacchi+2017) - Both Ic-BL and SN-GRB produce jet. Jets are choked in Ic-BL Limits to the study: - Sample size (especially SN-GRB and complete metallicity samples) - degeneracy in parameters that complicates interpretation
21. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results
22. Host Galaxies of PTF Ic & Ic-bl - jet production federica bianco, UDel | fedhere Motivation Data & Method Results metallicities, SFRs and M∗s of our PTF SN Ic-bl hosts are statistically comparable to those of SN-GRBs, but significantly lower than those of the PTF SNe Ic. The mass-metallicity relations as defined by the SNe Ic-bl and SN-GRBs are not significantly different from the same relations as defined by the SDSS galaxies, in contrast to claims by earlier works. Our findings point towards low metallicity as a crucial ingredient for SN Ic- bl and SN-GRB production since we are able to break the degeneracy between high SFR and low metallicity. We suggest that the PTF SNe Ic-bl may have produced jets that were choked inside the star or were able break out of the star as GRBs that either were off-axis GRBs or low-luminosity radio-quiet on-axis GRBs.