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試行錯誤のための Docker 活用術
Yuki Ishikawa
May 18, 2019
Technology
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試行錯誤のための Docker 活用術
PyCon Kyushu in Okinawa 2019
Yuki Ishikawa
May 18, 2019
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Transcript
ࢼߦࡨޡͷͨΊͷ%PDLFS׆༻ज़ 1Z$PO,ZVTIVJO0LJOBXB !IPUP
None
ͬͯ΄͍͜͠ͱ w %PDLFSγεςϜ։ൃͷͨΊ͚ͩͷͷͰͳ͍ w σʔλੳ ػցֶशΛߦ͏ࡍͷࢼߦࡨޡͷͨΊͷπʔϧͱͯ͠ศར
͢͜ͱ %PDLFSͱͳʹ͔ NJO %PDLFSಋೖʹΑͬͯಘΒΕΔͷ NJO
%PDLFSಋೖͷצॴ NJO %PDLFSςΫχοΫ̐બ NJO σϞ ͕࣌ؒ༨Ε
͞ͳ͍͜ͱ w %PDLFSͷࡉ͔͍͍ํ w ίϚϯυΦϓγϣϯ%PDLFSpMFͷه๏ͳͲ w γεςϜ։ൃͷจ຺Ͱͷ%PDLFS w ΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯ ,VCFSOFUFT
ͳͲ
͓લ୭Αʁ
!IPUP ͪΎΒσʔλגࣜձࣾ σʔλΞφϦετ ԭೄࡏॅ Ҡॅ̎ 1Z$PO,ZVTIVӡӦϝϯόʔ
%PDLFSͱͳʹ͔
·͡Ίʁʹղઆ͢Δ%PDLFS
%PDLFS w ίϯςφܕͷԾԽπʔϧ w ϗετ04ͱΧʔωϧΛڞ༗͢Δ w -JOVYͰ͔͠ಈ͔ͳ͍ ˞ w
ىಈ͕ര ˞%PDLFS%FTLUPQ NBD04 8JOEPXT Ͱɺ-JOVY7.Λ ɹ࡞ͬͯͦͷ্Ͱ%PDLFS&OHJOFΛಈ͔͍ͯ͠Δ ϋʔυΣΞ 04Χʔωϧ %PDLFSΤϯδϯ ίϯςφϓϩηε ίϯςφϓϩηε ϋʔυΣΞ ϋΠύʔόΠβ 04Χʔωϧ ϓϩηε ϓϩηε 04Χʔωϧ ϋΠύʔόΠβܕ ίϯςφܕ
Πϝʔδͱίϯςφ ʮΠϝʔδʯΛىಈ SVO ͢Δͱʮίϯςφʯ͕Ͱ͖Δ Πϝʔδ ίϯςφ ίϯςφ ίϯςφ %PDLFSpMF CVJME
SVO ྫɿ1ZUIPOͷΠϝʔδΛىಈ͢Δͱɺ1ZUIPO͕ಈ͘ίϯςφ͕Ͱ͖Δ
ΠϝʔδΛ࡞Δ w Πϝʔδʹରͯ͠ૢ࡞Λద༻ͨ͠ͷΛ ৽͍͠Πϝʔδͱͯ͠อଘ͢Δ w มߋΛੵΈॏͶͯ৽͍͠ΠϝʔδΛ ࡞͍ͬͯ͘ w %PDLFSpMFΛॻ͍ͯϏϧυ͢Δ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͕
ಈ͘Πϝʔδ EPDLFSCVJMEUNZBQQJNBHF
ΠϝʔδΛڞ༗͢Δ w ίϯςφϨδετϦͱݺΕΔ αʔϏεͰΠϝʔδΛڞ༗Ͱ͖Δ w %PDLFSެࣜͷίϯςφϨδετϦ͕ %PDLFS)VC Πϝʔδ Πϝʔδ QVTI
QVMM
ίϯςφΛىಈ͢ΔࡍͷΦϓγϣϯ w ڥมΛઃఆ w ϘϦϡʔϜΛϚϯτ w ϙʔτΛׂΓͯ FUD ίϯςφ Πϝʔδ
EPDLFSSVOJUa F%"5"#"4&@63- NZTRMa W QXE BQQa Qa NZBQQJNBHFa QZUIPOBQQQZ
पลπʔϧ w %PDLFS$PNQPTF w ෳͷίϯςφΛ·ͱΊͯىಈ͢ΔͨΊͷπʔϧ w ,VCFSOFUFT w ίϯςφӡ༻ͷͨΊͷπʔϧ ΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯπʔϧͱ
w σϓϩΠ εέʔϦϯά ϩʔυόϥϯγϯά w ػցֶशӡ༻ج൫ .-0QT ͰΑ͘ΘΕΔ
ͳΔ΄ͲΘ͔ΒΜ
งғؾͰཧղ͢Δ%PDLFS ˞େ͍ʹओ؍ؚ͕·ΕΔઆ໌
2ʮ7JSUVBM#PYΈ͍ͨͳΜʁʯ w ͘ʮԾԽٕज़ʯͱ͍͏ҙຯͰͦ͏ w ༻్ͱͯ͠ʮϗετ04ͷ্Ͱήετ04Λಈ͔ٕ͢ज़ʯ͔ͱ͍͏ͱɺ ͦΕͱͪΐͬͱงғؾ͕ҧ͏
"ʮ%PDLFS+BWBͱಉ͡ʯ ʮ࣮ߦՄೳͳΧλϚϦ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ Λ࡞Δʯͱ͍͏Ͱಉ͡ +BWB %PDLFS +BWBͷίʔυΛॻ͘ %PDLFSpMFΛॻ͘ ίϯύΠϧ͢Δ KBSϑΝΠϧ͕Ͱ͖Δ
Ϗϧυ͢Δ Πϝʔδ͕Ͱ͖Δ +BWBϥϯλΠϜ +3& Ͱ࣮ߦ͢Δ ϓϩηε͕ಈ͘ ίϯςφϥϯλΠϜͰ࣮ߦ͢Δ ίϯςφ͕ಈ͘
ྫ(JU-BC w IUUQTBCPVUHJUMBCDPN w Φʔϓϯιʔεͷ(JUϦϙδτϦϗεςΟϯάπʔϧ w (JU)VCΈ͍ͨͳͭ ࡶ w
ࣗલͷαʔόͰಈ͔ͤΔ
(JU-BCΛಈ͔͢ํ๏ ͜ΕΒͷιϑτΣΞΛ దʹΠϯετʔϧ͠ɺ దʹಈ࡞͢ΔΑ͏ʹઃఆ͠ɺ ӡ༻͢Δ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯຊମ
ʘ ͍ ʗ
%PDLFSͰ(JU-BCΛಈ͔͢ํ๏ %PDLFSΠϝʔδ தΑ͘Θ͔Βͳ͍͕ɺͱʹ͔͘ ࣮ߦ͢Ε(JU-BC͕ಈ͘ΧλϚϦ $ docker pull gitlab/gitlab-ce (JU-BCެ͕ࣜఏڙ͍ͯ͠ΔϏϧυࡁΈΠϝʔδΛ %PDLFS)VC͔Βμϯϩʔυ
EPDLFSQVMM (JU-BC͕ಈ͘ίϯςφ ࣮ߦ EPDLFSSVO σʔλͷอଘઌ ετϨʔδ Ϛϯτ (JU-BC͕ಈ͍ͨʂʂʂ
ʘ ͍͢͝ ʗ
ষ·ͱΊ %PDLFS+BWB ޠฐ͔͠ͳ͍
%PDLFSಋೖʹΑͬͯ ಘΒΕΔͷ
ʮࢼߦࡨޡʯͱ w ͜ͷͷதͰͷʮࢼߦࡨޡʯ ʮσʔλੳػցֶशʹऔΓΉࡍͷ࣮ݧϓϩηεʯͷ͜ͱ w ΞΧσϛοΫϏδωεΘͳ͍
σʔλʹର͢Δࢼߦࡨޡ w ʮσʔλʯ͔Βظ͢Δʮ݁ՌʯΛಘ͍ͨ w ͦͷͨΊʹʮσʔλʯʹద༻͢Δ ʮΞϓϩʔνʯΛࢼߦࡨޡ͍ͨ͠ w ͦͷͨΊʹʮΞϓϩʔνʯΛ࣮ݱ͢ΔͨΊͷ ʮڥʯΛ࡞Δඞཁ͕͋Δ σʔλ
݁Ռ" ݁Ռ# Ξϓϩʔν" Ξϓϩʔν# ڥ
ྫɿຊޠͷจষσʔλ͔Β୯ޠͷࢄදݱΛ࡞Γ͍ͨ ͦΕͧΕΛࢼͨ͢ΊʹͦΕͧΕͷڥߏங͕͍Δ .F$BC +6."/ 4FOUFODF1JFDF FUD 8PSE7FD GBTU5FYU FUD ੨ۭจݿ
5XJUUFS FUD 8JLJQFEJB ʷ ʷ σʔλ ݁Ռ τʔΫφΠβ ࢄදݱ ΞϧΰϦζϜ Ϟσϧֶशʹ͏ ίʔύε
͋Γ͕ͪͳ w "ΛೖΕͯΈ͕ͨμϝͩͬͨ w #ΛೖΕͯΈ͕ͨμϝͩͬͨ w $ΛೖΕͯΈͨΒ͏·͍ͬͨ͘ w $͕ಈ͘ڥΛ࠶ݱ͠Α͏ͱͯ͠Ͱ͖ͳ͍PSͱͯେม w
ґଘ͕͙ؔͪΌ͙ͪΌʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ w ʮ͜ͷαʔόͰͳΒಈ͔ͤ·͢ʂʂʂʯ
None
%PDLFSಋೖʹΑͬͯಘΒΕΔͷ ˣ ʮڥͷ࠶ݱੑʯ
ʮڥͷ࠶ݱੑʯ͕͋Δ͜ͱͷྑ͞ w ϩʔϧόοΫ͕༰қ w յΕͨΒίϯςφΛফͯ͠࡞Γͤྑ͍ w ؾ݉Ͷͳ͘ڥΛյͤΔɺνϟϨϯδ͍͢͠ w ϙʔλϒϧ w
%PDLFSpMF͘͠ΠϝʔδΛڞ༗͢Δ͚ͩͰಉ͡ڥ͕࡞ΕΔ w νʔϜϝΠτސ٬ͷڥͰಉ͡ͷΛ͙͢ʹಈ͔ͤΔ w ڥͦͷͷΛόʔδϣϯཧԼʹஔ͚Δ w %PDLFSpMFΛόʔδϣϯཧ͢ΕͦΕ͕ʮڥߏஙͷखॱॻʯʹͳΔ
%PDLFSಋೖͷצॴ
ͨͩ%PDLFSΛ͑ྑ͍Θ͚Ͱͳ͍ ϋʔυΣΞ 04Χʔωϧ %PDLFSΤϯδϯ 6CVOUVίϯςφ πʔϧ πʔϧ πʔϧ ґଘύοέʔδ ґଘύοέʔδ
ṖεΫϦϓτ தؒσʔλ ϩάσʔλ தؒσʔλ ͳʹΘ͔Βͳ͍
ؾΛ͚ͭΔ͖͜ͱ w ίϯςφΛεςʔτϨεʹอͭ w ͜·ΊʹߏஙखॱΛηʔϒ͢Δ
ίϯςφΛεςʔτϨεʹอͭ w ʮڥͷ࠶ݱੑʯͷԸܙͷҰͭʮΧδϡΞϧʹഁյͰ͖Δʯ w ίϯςφʹॏཁͳσʔλΛอ࣋͢Δ εςʔτϑϧʹ͢Δ ͱɺ ίϯςφΛΧδϡΞϧʹഁյͰ͖ͳ͍ʂʂ w ίϯςφΛফ͢ͱॏཁͳσʔλ͝ͱফ͑ͯ͠·͏ͨΊ
w ʮίϯςφϓϩηεʯͱߟ͑ํΛ͍ͯ͠Εɺ ʮ͍ͭফ͓͔͑ͯ͘͠ͳ͍ͷʯͱ͍͏͜ͱ͕ཧղ͍ͣ͢͠
ίϯςφΛεςʔτϨεʹอͭ w ॏཁͳσʔλ࡞ۀϩάΛ ίϯςφʹอଘ͠ͳ͍ w ফ͑ͨΒࠔΔσʔλ ʮϚϯτͨ͠ετϨʔδʯ͔ ʮίϯςφ֎ͷ%#ʯʹอଘ͢Δ Ϛϯτͨ͠ ετϨʔδ
ίϯςφ ֎෦ %#
͜·ΊʹߏஙखॱΛηʔϒ͢Δ w ࢼߦ͕͏·͍ͨ͘͘ͼʹɺʮ͜Ε͕࠷৽ͷ͏·͍ͬͨ͘ڥʯͱ͍͏ ηʔϒϙΠϯτΛ࡞Δ w %PDLFSpMFΛॻ͍ͯΠϝʔδΛ࡞Γ͢ͷ͕ཧత w ߏஙखॱΛγΣϧεΫϦϓτʹϝϞ͓͍ͯͯ͠ɺ͋ͱͰ·ͱΊͯ %PDLFSpMFʹҠ͢ɺͱ͍͏ΓํͰྑ͍
ؾΛ͚ͭΔ͖͜ͱ w ίϯςφΛεςʔτϨεʹอͭ w ͜·ΊʹߏஙखॱΛηʔϒ͢Δ
%PDLFSςΫχοΫ̐બ
ςΫχοΫ͘͡ "OBDPOEBΛϕʔεʹ͢Δͱָ +VQZUFSΛ͏ͱ͖JOJUͨ͠ํ͕͍͍ ίϯςφ͔Β(16Λ͏ํ๏ (6*ΞϓϦ%PDLFSͰىಈͰ͖Δ
ςΫχοΫ͘͡ "OBDPOEBΛϕʔεʹ͢Δͱָ +VQZUFSΛ͏ͱ͖JOJUͨ͠ํ͕͍͍ ίϯςφ͔Β(16Λ͏ํ๏ (6*ΞϓϦ%PDLFSͰىಈͰ͖Δ
2ʮΑ͘͏πʔϧΛશ෦٧ΊࠐΜͩ %PDLFSΠϝʔδΛ࡞͓͚ͬͯ ྑ͍Μ͡Όͳ͍ͷʁʁʁʯ
"ͦ͏ͩͶ
"OBDPOEB w σʔλੳ ػցֶशͰΑ͘͏πʔϧ͕ ·ͱΊͯೖ͍ͬͯΔσΟετϦϏϡʔγϣϯ w ʮ1ZUIPOͷϥΠϒϥϦूʯͰͳ͍ w "OBDPOEBެࣜͷ%PDLFS*NBHF͕ެ։͞Ε͍ͯΔ EFCJBOϕʔε
w IUUQTIVCEPDLFSDPNSDPOUJOVVNJPBOBDPOEB w "OBDPOEBΛϕʔεʹੳڥΛ࡞Δͱͱָͯ Ҿ༻ɿIUUQTXXXBOBDPOEBDPNEJTUSJCVUJPO
"OBDPOEBͷ᠘ w "OBDPOEBΛೖΕͯύεΛ௨͢ 1"5) PQUDPOEBCJO1"5) ͱɺ ͍͔ͭ͘ͷγεςϜίϚϯυ্͕ॻ͖͞ΕΔ w QZUIPO DVSM PQFOTTMͳͲ
w "OBDPOEBڥ֎ͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯʹӨڹΛ༩͑Δ͜ͱ͕͋Δ
"OBDPOEBͷ᠘ w 2ʮͳͥͦΜͳ͜ͱΛ͢Δ͔ʁʯ w "ʮ"OBDPOEBσΟετϦϏϡʔγϣϯ͔ͩΒʯ w "OBDPOEBσΟετϦϏϡʔγϣϯͰґଘؔΛղܾ͢ΔػೳΛ ఏڙ͢ΔͷͰ͋ͬͯɺ֎෦ͱڥΛ͢ΔͷͰͳ͍ w ʲࢀߟʳ"OBDPOEB&OWJSPONFOU*TPMBUJPO5PPM
ڥπʔϧ Ͱͳ͍2JJUB IUUQTRJJUBDPNUZJUFNTEEEGDBDCBEB
%PDLFS͑Α͘ͳ͍ʁ w "OBDPOEBΛͬͯΔγεςϜʹ ೖΕΔͷؾ͕Ҿ͚Δ w ͳΒίϯςφͷதʹด͡ࠐΊͯ ͠·͑Α͘ͳ͍ʁ w ίϯςφʹด͡ࠐΊΔ͜ͱͰ ྑ͍ײ͡ʹڥ͕Ͱ͖Δ
ίϯςφ ϋʔυΣΞ ϗετ04 %PDLFSΤϯδϯ ϗετ04ͷ 1"5)ʹ ׯব͠ͳ͍ ✖
ςΫχοΫ͘͡ "OBDPOEBΛϕʔεʹ͢Δͱָ +VQZUFSΛ͏ͱ͖JOJUͨ͠ํ͕͍͍ ίϯςφ͔Β(16Λ͏ํ๏ (6*ΞϓϦ%PDLFSͰىಈͰ͖Δ
ΈΜͳେ͖ ʁ +VQZUFS w 8FC6*Ͱ1ZUIPOͳͲͷίʔυΛ ΠϯλϥΫςΟϒʹ࣮ߦͰ͖Δπʔϧ w ࢼߦࡨޡͷڧ͍ຯํ w
·ͩ+VQZUFS/PUFCPPLͬͯΔਓ +VQZUFS-BCʹҠߦ͠Α͏
5IF;PNCJF3FBQJOH1SPCMFN %PDLFSʹ;PNCJF3FBQJOHͱݺΕΔ͕͋Δ Docker ͷ߹ɺಛʹߟྀͤͣϓϩηεΛ࣮ߦͤ͞ΔͱΤϯτϦʔϙΠϯτͱͯ͠ઃఆͨ͠ϓϩηε͕ PID 1 Ͱಈ࡞͠·͢ɻ Linux Ͱىಈ࣌ʹ࠷ॳʹىಈ͢Δ init
ϓϩηεʹ PID 1 ׂ͕ΓৼΒΕɺPID 1 ͷϓϩηεʹ͍ͭͯಛघͳߟྀ͕͞Εɺ σϑΥϧτͰγάφϧΛແࢹ͢Δઃఆͱͳ͍ͬͯΔΑ͏Ͱ͢ɻ ͦͷͨΊɺ docker stop ίϚϯυͳͲͰ SIGTERM γάφϧΛૹͬͯϓϩηε͕ఀࢭ͞ΕͣɺҰఆ࣌ؒޙʹλΠϜΞτͯ͠ SIGKILL Ͱڧ੍ऴྃ͠·͢ɻ Ҿ༻ɿ%PDLFSͱJOJUͱίϯςφΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯͰͷઃఆʹ͍ͭͯEFGZBTVIBSV TFMG IUUQZBTVIBSVIBUFOBCMPHDPNFOUSZ
+VQZUFSͷ߹ɺى͖Δ w +VQZUFSͰ;PNCJF3FBQJOH͕ ൃੜ͢Δͱɺͯ͢ͷΧʔωϧ͕ Ϋϥογϡ͢Δ +VQZUFSϓϩηε 1*% Χʔωϧϓϩηε Χʔωϧϓϩηε Χʔωϧϓϩηε
4*(5&3.ΛૹΔ ແࢹ͞ΕΔ λΠϜΞτͯ͠ 4*(,*--Ͱڧ੍ऴྃ Χʔωϧϓϩηε͕ Ϋϥογϡ͢Δ
ରԠࡦ w γάφϧΛϋϯυϦϯάͰ͖ΔJOJU༻ϓϩηεΛΤϯτϦϙΠϯτʹ͢Δ w +VQZUFSެࣜͷ%PDLFSΠϝʔδͰUJOJ͕ΘΕ͍ͯΔ w %PDLFSҎ߱ ίϯςφىಈ࣌ʹJOJUΦϓγϣϯΛࢦఆ͢Δ w %PDLFSຊମʹUJOJ͕औΓࠐ·Ε͍ͯΔ
ςΫχοΫ͘͡ "OBDPOEBΛϕʔεʹ͢Δͱָ +VQZUFSΛ͏ͱ͖JOJUͨ͠ํ͕͍͍ ίϯςφ͔Β(16Λ͏ํ๏ (6*ΞϓϦ%PDLFSͰىಈͰ͖Δ
(16ͱ w άϥϑΟοΫͷॲཧʹಛԽͨ͠ϓϩηοα w $16ͱൺֱͯ͠ ୯७ͳฒྻԋࢉΛߴʹߦ͏͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ΔͨΊɺ ۙͰ൚༻ܭࢉʹΘΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͘ͳ͖ͬͯͨ (1(16 w
ಛʹ/7*%*"ࣾͷ(16Ͱ$6%" DV%//ͱ͍ͬͨϥΠϒϥϦ͕ ެ։͞Ε͓ͯΓɺσΟʔϓϥʔχϯάͷܭࢉʹར༻͞ΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ w Ҏ߱ͷεϥΠυͰɺ(16ͱ͍͏ϫʔυಛʹ໌ࣔ͞Εͯ ͍ͳ͍ݶΓ/7*%*"ࣾͷ(16Λࢦ͢ɺͱ͍͏͜ͱʹ͢Δ
/7*%*"%PDLFS w ௨ৗɺ%PDLFSίϯςφ͔Β (16ʹΞΫηεͰ͖ͳ͍ /7*%*"υϥΠό͕ར༻Ͱ͖ͳ͍ w /7*%*"͕ࣾެ։͍ͯ͠Δ /7*%*"%PDLFSΛ͏͜ͱͰ ίϯςφ͔ΒͰυϥΠό͕
ར༻Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ w /7*%*"%PDLFSΛ͓͏ Ҿ༻ɿ&OBCMJOH(16TJOUIF$POUBJOFS3VOUJNF&DPTZTUFNc/7*%*"%FWFMPQFS#MPH IUUQTEFWCMPHTOWJEJBDPNHQVDPOUBJOFSTSVOUJNF
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