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User Focused Security at Netflix: Stethoscope

Jesse Kriss
January 14, 2017

User Focused Security at Netflix: Stethoscope

Presented by Andrew White and Jesse Kriss at ShmooCon 2017.
Netflix Tech Blog post: http://techblog.netflix.com/2017/02/introducing-netflix-stethoscope.html

GitHub repo: https://github.com/Netflix/Stethoscope

User Focused Security is an approach we are using to address employee information security at Netflix. If we provide employees with the right information and low-friction tools, we believe they can get their devices into a more secure state without heavy-handed policy enforcement.

Letting people retain control over their devices means that they can maintain flexibility and productivity and address security recommendations as appropriate to their levels of access. This approach will only be successful, though, if we can provide clear and specific action, and make it easy to do the right thing.

Stethoscope is a web-based tool that gives Netflix employees a view into the security state of their devices, with specific recommendations regarding disk encryption, firewalls, and other device settings. The website, in conjunction with email alerts, gives Netflix employees a straightforward way to see what actions they should take to remain safe.

Andrew White and Jesse Kriss are both members of the Information Security team at Netflix, where they work on designing and building software tools that help people make good decisions around corporate security.

Andrew holds a PhD in Computer Science from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and a B.S. in Computer Science and B.A. in Mathematics from the University of Richmond.

Jesse (@jkriss) holds a Master’s in Human-Computer Interaction from Carnegie Mellon University and B.A. in Music from Carleton College. Prior to Netflix, he worked at NASA/JPL, Obama 2012, Figure 53, and IBM Research.

Jesse Kriss

January 14, 2017
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Transcript

  1. User Focused Security at
    Netflix: Stethoscope
    SHMOOCON 2017
    JAN 14

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  2. ● PhD from UNC in Fall 2015
    ● Researched side channels in
    encrypted network traffic
    ● Software engineer at Netflix
    Andrew White

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  3. ● Masters in HCI from Carnegie Mellon
    ● User experience
    ● Web development
    ● Information visualization
    ● Formerly: IBM Research, Figure 53,
    Obama 2012, NASA/JPL
    Jesse Kriss

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  6. ...but no security background.

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  7. OPEN SOURCE USER-FOCUSED
    SECURITY
    Stethoscope

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  9. Infosec at Netflix

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  10. Keep Netflix employees and
    information safe
    Thousands of employees.
    Even more devices.
    Lots of people with access.
    Worldwide offices.

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  11. BYOD
    3,000 users
    8,000 devices

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  12. All cloud everything
    Streaming infrastructure is 100% cloud
    > 100,000 EC2 instances
    > 700 internal cloud applications

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  14. Responsible people thrive on freedom,
    and are worthy of freedom.”

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  15. Bad processes creep in.
    We try to get rid of rules when we can,
    to reinforce the point.”

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  16. Screenshot by Chris Gansen

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  17. Values are embedded in and
    communicated by systems, tools, and
    procedures, not just people.

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  18. Only at Netflix?

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  19. 1. Education, not just automatic
    enforcement

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  20. Photo by #WOCinTech Chat

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  22. Work with your colleagues, not
    against them.
    2.

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  24. The timing seems right for a renewal
    of interest in synthesizing usability
    and security.”
    Mary Ellen Zurko

    , 1996

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  25. BY HUMANS
    FOR HUMANS
    User Focused Security

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  26. OPEN SOURCE USER-FOCUSED
    SECURITY
    Stethoscope

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  27. ● Education
    ● Self service
    ● Personalized
    ● One place to go
    ● Actionable
    ● Complete the feedback loop
    The approach.

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  28. ● Forced updates
    ● Company-wide emails
    ● Information overload
    ● “This probably doesn’t apply to me...”
    And avoiding...

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  37. ● Stickers!
    How do we get people to see it?

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  39. ● Stickers!
    ● New employee “training”
    ● Targeted email campaigns
    How do we get people to see it?

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  40. One place to go
    What about other security alerts?

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  43. HOW THE THING
    IS BUILT
    Technical architecture

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  44. ● Back-end
    ○ Python using Twisted + Klein
    ○ Plugin architecture
    ● Front-end: React
    ● Nginx
    ○ Serves static files
    ○ Proxies requests to API server
    ● No persistence layer required
    Technology stack

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  45. ● Windows: LANDESK
    ● Mac: JAMF
    ● Linux: OSquery (coming soon)
    ● Mobile: Google MDM
    Device data sources

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  46. ● Authentication logs (BYOD)
    ○ Wireless
    ○ VPN
    ● bitFit (owned devices)
    Ownership attribution

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  47. Device data retrieval

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  48. Security practices
    ● Disk encryption
    ● Firewall
    ● Automatic updates
    ● Up-to-date OS/software
    ● Screen lock
    ● Not jailbroken/rooted
    ● Security software stack (e.g., Carbon Black)

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  49. Status determination

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  50. ● Events
    ○ Google, Duo auth logs
    ○ Import from Elasticsearch
    ○ Augment with, e.g., geolocation data
    ● Accounts: Google
    ● Alerts/feedback: Elasticsearch/REST
    Other information

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  51. ● Logging
    ○ Accesses: to Elasticsearch
    ○ Errors: to Atlas
    ● Auth: OpenID Connect
    ● Batch: to Elasticsearch/REST
    Utilities

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  52. SHARING
    IS CARING
    Open-source

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  53. ● Giving back to the community
    ● Knowledge sharing
    ● Collaboration
    Why open-source?

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  54. ● Front-end source
    ○ React-scripts for simple setup, builds, test, etc.
    ○ Static resources
    ● Back-end source
    ○ Plugins previously mentioned
    ○ Tests, example configuration, etc.
    ● Nginx configuration
    ● Docker development configuration
    What’s included

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  55. ● Primary device data source
    ● [Ownership attribution]
    ● Authentication provider
    What do you need?

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  56. THE BIG
    PICTURE
    Aggregated data

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  57. ● Visualization at manager,
    organization level
    ● Identifies groups for targeted
    efforts
    Individuals to organizations

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  58. ● Nightly batch retrieval allows
    tracking trends over time
    ● Identifies practices which
    need particular attention
    Are we making progress?

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  59. LESSONS
    SO FAR
    What we’ve learned

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  60. ● Inventory needs to be up-to-date and accurate
    ● Data sources can have different representations for identifiers
    ● Don’t always get a unique identifier for a device
    Data quality

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  61. ● Different users need/want different levels of context
    ● “Make it turn green” works well for many people
    Context

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  62. ● Additional notification channels
    ● Continuing user research (interviews, surveys)
    ● Measure long-term effectiveness
    Future work

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  63. ● Open sourcing very soon
    ● We are hiring!
    Want to help us?

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  64. COME SAY HI
    GET IN TOUCH
    Thank you!
    netflix.github.io
    techblog.netflix.com
    @NetflixOSS
    Andrew White
    [email protected]
    Jesse Kriss
    [email protected]
    Brooks Evans
    [email protected]

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