Multiwavelength (ISM) Dust Signatures

Talk for ISM*@ST research group.

Transcript

1. Multi-Wavelength
   (ISM) Dust Signatures
   Karl D. Gordon
   Astronomer
   STScI, Baltimore, MD
   ISM*@ST Group Meeting
   25 Oct 2021
   kgordon@stsci.edu
   @karllark2000
   karllark@github
   

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2. Outline
   ●
   Extinction
   – Features and Continuum
   – Polarization
   – Splitting into absorption & scattering
   ●
   Emission
   – Non-thermal & Thermal
   ●
   Biased, incomplete, ….
   

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3. Dust in Extinction
   

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4. X-Ray
   

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5. See L. Corrales Talk
   

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6. 2175 A
   FUV Rise
   3.4 μm
   NIR
   Features?
   Sil 10 μm
   Sil 10 μm
   MIR
   Optical
   Features
   

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7. Far-UV Rise
   

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8. Fitzpatrick & Massa 1988, ApJ, 328, 734
   

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9. Gordon, Cartledge, & Clayton 2009, ApJ, 705, 1320
   

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10. 2175 A Extinction Bump
    

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11. Stecher 1965, ApJ, 142, 1683
    

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12. Stecher 1966, ApJ, 157, 125
    

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13. 2175 A Properties
    Fitzpatrick & Massa (1986, ApJ, 307, 286)
    

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14. Cardelli, Clayton, & Mathis 1988, ApJ, 329L, 33; 1989, ApJ, 345, 245
    

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15. Broad Optical Extinction Bumps
    

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16. Optical Features (origin unknown)
    Massa, Fitzpatrick, Gordon, et al. 2020, ApJ, 891, 67
    Centers: 4370, 4870, & 6300 A
    Widths: ~10%
    Two blue correlate w/ 2175 A
    

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17. 3.4 micron HAC feature
    

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18. 3.4 micron HAC
    Hydrogenated Amorphous
    Carbon (aliphatic bonds)
    Pendelton & Allamandola (2002, ApJS, 138, 75
    

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19. 10 & 20 micron Silicate Features
    

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20. Gordon et al. (2021, ApJ, 916, 33)
    

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21. 10 & 20
    micron
    Silicates
    Chiar & Tielens (2006, ApJ, 637, 774)
    

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22. Crystalline Silicate Fraction
    ~0.2% (or zero)
    Kemper, Viernd, & Tielens (2004, ApJ, 609, 826)
    Amorphous Crystalline
    

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23. Aromatic (PAH) features
    in Absorption
    

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27. Ices
    

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29. Diffuse Interstellar Bands
    (Dust?)
    Ran out of time to get slides
    

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30. Continuum
    

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32. DGFit
    

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33. Extinction
    Polarization
    

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39. Splitting Extinction
    

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40. Reflection Nebulae
    IC 435
    NGC 7023
    BVR
    UIT 2500 A
    BVR
    The Pleiades
    

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41. Dark Clouds
    Thumbprint (DSS)
    Bok Globule (DSS2)
    Witt et al. 1990
    

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42. Diffuse Galactic Light
    NUVIEWS 1740 A; Schiminovich 2001
    Pioneer 10/11 Blue
    Toller 1981; Gordon et al. 1997
    

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43. Dust in Emission
    Non-thermal
    

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44. Blue Luminescence
    

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46. Extended Red Emission
    

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47. Photoluminescence from HAC films
    Reflection Nebula NGC 7023
    

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49. Dust in Emission
    Thermal
    Equilibrium and Non-equilibrium
    

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50. Non-Equilibrium Continuum
    

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52. Aromatic (PAH) Features
    

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53. Aromatic (PAH)
    Features
    Werner, M. et al. 2004, ApJS, 154, 309
    

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54. Discovery
    1973
    Observations made with U. of MN/UCSD
    60” on Mt. Lemon and KP 50” with
    cooled filter-wheel spectrometer (R = 67)
    11.3 mm feature too broad to be a
    atomic emission line
    

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55. 1st Proposal of
    Aromatics
    1981
    

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56. Aromatic versus Aliphatic
    Aromatics have benzene rings
    3.3 mm feature
    Aliphatics do not have benzene rings
    3.4 mm feature
    Furton, D. et al. 1999, 526, 752
    Lab
    IRS6
    (Gal. Center)
    Cyg OB2 No. 12
    

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57. Polycyclic
    Aromatic
    Hydrocarbons
    Hudgins, D. M. & Allamandola, L. J.
    Astrophysics of Dust,
    ASP Conference Series, Vol. 309,
    Eds. Adolf N. Witt, Geoffrey C.
    Clayton and Bruce T. Draine., 665
    Lab. Data
    Orion (ISO)
    

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58. Equilibrium Thermal
    

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59. 2003, A&A, 407, 159
    

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63. Other
    

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64. Dorschner et al. 1995, A&A, 300, 503 Gordon et al. 2000, ApJ, 544, 859
    Olivine Silicates
    Fe Feature
    @ ~1.5 micron?
    Emission spectrum from
    reflection nebula
    NGC 7023 NW filament
    

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65. Thanks
    

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66. Indirect Measures
    

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67. Milky Way Depletions
    Jenkins (2009, ApJ, 700, 1299)
    

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