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ハイパーレッジャーとその他の分散台帳技術 / Hyperledger and Other Distributed Ledger Technologies
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Kenji Saito
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March 31, 2021
Technology
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130
ハイパーレッジャーとその他の分散台帳技術 / Hyperledger and Other Distributed Ledger Technologies
2021年3月31日(水)、ブロックチェーンハブ主催のブロックチェーンアカデミー「ハイパーレッジャーとその他の分散台帳技術」にて使用したスライドです。
Kenji Saito
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March 31, 2021
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Transcript
Chief Science Officer /
[email protected]
— — 2021-03-31 – p.1/47
https://speakerdeck.com/ks91 — — 2021-03-31 – p.2/47
( ) SFC ( ) CSO (Chief Science Officer) 1993
( ) 2006 ( ) SFC 20 P2P (Peer-to-Peer) ( 2019 9 ) 2011 2018 2019 2019 2020 2020 → ( ) — — 2021-03-31 – p.3/47
Linux Foundation Hyperledger R3CEV Corda Facebook/Novi The Diem Blockchain Web3
Foundatoin Polkadot ( ) — — 2021-03-31 – p.4/47
: Kenji Saito, Akimitsu Shiseki, Mitsuyasu Takada, Hiroki Yamamoto, Masaaki
Saitoh, Hiroaki Ohkawa, Hirofumi Andou, Naotake Miyamoto, Kazuaki Yamakawa, Kiyoshi Kurakawa, Tomohiro Yabushita, Yuji Yamada, Go Masuda, Kazuyuki Masuda, “Requirement Analyses and Evaluations of Blockchain Platforms per Possible Use Cases” https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.03209 ( ) — — 2021-03-31 – p.5/47
(Linux Foundation) Fabric (IBM), Sawtooth (Intel), Iroha ( ), Indy
(Sovrin), Besu (ConsenSys) Corda (R3) The Diem Blockchain (Facebook/Novi) Polkadot (Web3) BBc-1 ( ) DLT — — 2021-03-31 – p.6/47
(BP : Blockchain Property ) BP-1 : BP-2 : BP-3
: ( ) ( ) BP-2 permissionless ( ) permissioned ( ) BP-2’ : — — 2021-03-31 – p.7/47
( ) BP-1 ( ), BP-2 ( ) BBc-1 f
: → BP-3 ( ) ( ) ( ) ← BP-2 ← BP-3 (?) ( ) ← BP-3 + ← BP-{1,2} — — 2021-03-31 – p.8/47
[Lamport 1984][Schneider 1990] (1) (2) (3) (4) ( ) ←
↑ permissioned — — 2021-03-31 – p.9/47
(n ≥ 3f + 1 ) SMRP (State Machine Replication
Problem) SMRP-1 ( ) SMRP-2 : = — — 2021-03-31 – p.10/47
/DLT ਖ਼ੑͷอূ ྫ6590ߏͱσδλϧॺ໊ ଘࡏੑͷূ໌ ྫ࡞ۀূ໌͖ϋογϡνΣʔϯ །Ұੑͷ߹ҙ ྫφΧϞτɾίϯηϯαε ϧʔϧͷهड़ ྫ#5$ͷҠస ɾ
τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ༰͕վ͟ΜͰ͖ͣɺ ɾ ͦͷΞηοτʹؔ͢ΔաڈͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯྻʹরΒͯ͠ໃ६͕ͳ͘ɺ ɾ ͔ͭɺਖ਼ͳϢʔβʹΑΓೖ͞Ε͍ͯΔ͜ͱΛอূ͢Δ ɾաڈʹ͋ͬͨτϥϯβΫγϣϯͷূڌΛຣফͰ͖ͣɺ ɾ ͔ͭɺաڈʹͳ͔ͬͨτϥϯβΫγϣϯͷূڌΛ፻Ͱ͖ͳ͍ ɾໃ६͢Δ;ͨͭͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͕ೖ͞Εͨ߹ɺ ɹ ͍ͣΕ ؔ༩͢Δશһ͕ಉ͡ยํΛબΜͰྺ࢙ͷதʹҐஔ͚ͮΔ ɾΞϓϦέʔγϣϯϩδοΫ Կ͕ਖ਼͍͠τϥϯβΫγϣϯ͔ΛܾΊΔ BP-1, BP-3, BP-2 ( ) — — 2021-03-31 – p.11/47
(Linux Foundation) https://www.hyperledger.org Apache License, Version 2.0 — — 2021-03-31
– p.12/47
/ : Proposal → Incubation → Active → Deprecated →
End of Life — — 2021-03-31 – p.13/47
( https://www.hyperledger.org/about/members ) — — 2021-03-31 – p.14/47
Fabric (IBM) IBM Digital Asset Holdings http://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ State : Active
— — 2021-03-31 – p.15/47
( ) ( ) — — 2021-03-31 – p.16/47
Fabric – (Docker) (chaincode) BFT , , RocksDB CA PKI
v1.0 ( v2.0) DB CA BFT : Byzantine Fault Tolerance ( ) CA : Certificate Authority ( ) PKI : Public Key Infrastructure ( ) — — 2021-03-31 – p.17/47
Sawtooth (Intel) https://github.com/hyperledger/sawtooth-core State : Active — — 2021-03-31 –
p.18/47
( ) (permissioned) (permissionless) Proof of Elapsed Time (PoET) Proof
of Work ( ) (Intel ) / Transaction Families — — 2021-03-31 – p.19/47
Sawtooth – (transaction families) (PoET ) PBFT (Practical BFT) PoET
( ) (transaction families) — — 2021-03-31 – p.20/47
Iroha ( ) https://github.com/hyperledger/iroha State : Active — — 2021-03-31
– p.21/47
( ) DLT : C++ — — 2021-03-31 – p.22/47
Iroha – Iroha EVM Sumeragi (BFT) → YAC (FT) +
, EVM : Ethereum Virtual Machine (Ethereum ) FT : Fault Tolerance ( ) ( ) — — 2021-03-31 – p.23/47
Indy (Sovrin) https://github.com/hyperledger/indy-node State : Active ID Hyperledger ID —
— 2021-03-31 – p.24/47
Indy – ID RBFT (Redundant BFT) — — 2021-03-31 –
p.25/47
Besu (ConsenSys) https://besu.hyperledger.org/en/stable/ State : Active Ethereum Quorum — —
2021-03-31 – p.26/47
Besu – EVM GHOST → Casper, PoA, etc. + PoW
→ Casper, PoA : Proof of Authority — — 2021-03-31 – p.27/47
Corda (R3) https://github.com/corda/corda — — 2021-03-31 – p.28/47
R3 R3CEV 77 (2017 2 ) 3 SBI R3Net( )
Corda — — 2021-03-31 – p.29/47
Corda Corda : BP-{1,2,3} : — — 2021-03-31 – p.30/47
( ) + CAP ( Polkadot (?) ) — —
2021-03-31 – p.31/47
Corda – JVM ( ) (Uniqueness Services) UTXO X.509 PKI
( ) JVM : Java Virtual Machine (Java ) X.509 : PKI — — 2021-03-31 – p.32/47
The Diem Blockchain Libra https://developers.libra.org/docs/the-libra-blockchain-paper — — 2021-03-31 – p.33/47
Libra Move (← ) (BFT) (← ) ( ) 5
( ) ↑ ( ) — — 2021-03-31 – p.34/47
The Diem Blockchain ( ) → Merkle accumulator (1) publish
(2) ( ) (3) BFT (4) Ethereum Gas ( DoS ) (5) /VM — — 2021-03-31 – p.35/47
The Diem Blockchain – Move (VM ) BFT (= )
( 1,000 ) ( publish ) + 5 . . . ← BFT f ( ) 1 (f ) Move (domain-specific) — — 2021-03-31 – p.36/47
Polkadot (Web3 Foundation) https://polkadot.network/PolkaDotPaper.pdf — — 2021-03-31 – p.37/47
Polkadot – , Substrate BFT ( ) ( ) Bitcoin,
Ethereum DOT — — 2021-03-31 – p.38/47
BBc-1 (Beyond Blockchain One) https://github.com/beyond-blockchain https://beyond-blockchain.org — — 2021-03-31 –
p.39/47
Proof of Work Bitcoin ( ) BBc Trust ( )
https://github.com/beyond-blockchain/bbc1/blob/develop/docs/BBc-trust.pdf ( ) https://github.com/beyond-blockchain/bbc1/blob/develop/docs/BBc-trust_ja.pdf ( ) Design Paper (white paper) https://github.com/beyond-blockchain/bbc1/blob/develop/docs/BBc-1_design_paper.pdf — — 2021-03-31 – p.40/47
BBc-1 — — 2021-03-31 – p.41/47
BBc-1 – (Python → bbc1-lib-contracts?) PoCX ( ) ( DAG)
( ) UTXO/ (Proof of Context) — — 2021-03-31 – p.42/47
(D)LT — — 2021-03-31 – p.43/47
( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) ( ) ⇒ —
— 2021-03-31 – p.44/47
( ) (by ) (since 1984) ( ) ( )
( ) . . . ( ) ⇒ state machine replication — — 2021-03-31 – p.45/47
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) (by ) ( ) → — — 2021-03-31 – p.46/47
— — 2021-03-31 – p.47/47