AI I work on GEO, AEO and SEO. I research how Large Language Models and AI search engines find, rank and cite content. I speak at global search conferences and write for publications such as Search Engine Land. I am also a proud father of a daughter. Peec AI · SERPConf Vienna · 2026
last 12 months: Nov 3, 2025 to Nov 2, 2026 Alphabet GOOGL −1.7% in 12 months Reddit RDDT $278.99 $90.97 Start $283.72 Start $204.98 · High $402.62 on May 13, 2026 $420 $280 $380 $230 $340 $180 $300 $130 · −55.6% in 12 months High $258.93 on Jan 13, 2026 Oct 30: −29.2% in one day Oct 29: −12.6% in one day $260 $80 Dec ’25 Feb ’26 Close $278.99 on Nov 2 Source: Yahoo Finance, daily close in USD Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 Apr ’26 Jun ’26 Aug ’26 Oct ’26 Dec ’25 Feb ’26 Close $90.97 on Nov 2 Apr ’26 Jun ’26 Aug ’26 Oct ’26
every day Pages per answer, read vs linked ChatGPT links per answer 4 21.5 → 4.95 14.7 → 2.6 Same prompts, same days, 180 days 77% of read pages get no link Apr 26 to Oct 22 ChatGPT AI Overviews AI Mode Claude Owned share of ChatGPT links Read Linked 21.5 4.95 AIO and ChatGPT shared domains Reddit share of ChatGPT links 5.8% → 10.2% 9.5% 8.4% → 0.18% Europe, brand's own site Same prompt, same day Spring vs last 14 days, Oct 16 to 29 +4.4 pts Spring AI Overviews Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 −82% ChatGPT Last 14 days −98% 8.4% 0.18%
see Every answer goes through the same pipeline. Peec AI captures most steps, one stays hidden. Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Prompt Fan-out Retrieve Filter Link Rank The user asks The model writes Pages come back from Trust and format decide Pages get a citation Order of links in the → → searches 4 engines, daily → search 1.7 per answer 21.5 per answer → → 77% dropped 4.95 per answer What each engine shows us ChatGPT Claude AO I not shown verviews AM I not shown ode C : aptured S s1 tep to 6 are t Partly h sm f e a e or a ll ngin s link si i n is m l e Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 e · po t o H only the sources shown co p ete f m ro Oct 11 , 2026 · idden, inferred from data s tep 4 is wh his lk i s at t ta tr e to ope nu p text 36% lists first
we can see Share of answers Sources per answer ChatGPT Full reading list + links 46.4% 21.5 Google AI Overviews Shown sources + links 37.5% 12.6 Google AI Mode Shown sources + links 15.5% 13.0 Claude Full reading list + links 0.6% 12.4 100% 16.8 Total All prompts tracked in Peec AI, aggregated · no single customer or brand is shown · shares, not volumes · Google engines: only the shown sources are visible Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026
days for every chart in this deck May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct ChatGPT links Claude links AI Mode links AI Overviews links shown sources ChatGPT fan-out queries Claude fan-out queries Model name reported Link position gpt-5-6 gpt-6 Faded = filled from Peec data: AIO shown sources May 29 to Jun 24, AIO citation rate estimated between measured days · Claude fan-outs from Sep 17 · position used only for Oct 11 to 22 Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026
to Oct 22, 2026, when all four engines have link data Pages read / shown sources Pages linked Citation rate ChatGPT 20.6 4.5 21.8% Claude 10.7 6.9 64.8% Google AI Mode 10.1 7.3 72.8% 10.3 9.1 88.4% shown sources Google AI Overviews shown sources Bar height = sources per answer · ChatGPT and Claude: pages read · Google: only the shown sources, and not every shown source gets an inline link Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026
Overviews Google AI Mode Claude Estimated gpt-5-6 100% gpt-6 75% 50% 25% 0% May Jun Jul Aug Sep Share of read pages that got a link, daily · ChatGPT is below every other engine on every single day · AIO dashed = estimated between measured days Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 Oct
release changed how much it reads, searches and links Apr 26 Jun 13 Aug 8 Oct 9 Spring Summer gpt-5-6 gpt-6 Apr 26 to Jun 12 Jun 13 to Aug 7 Aug 8 to Oct 8 Oct 9 to 22 model not reported model not reported reported by ChatGPT reported by ChatGPT Pages read per answer Pages read per answer Pages read per answer Pages read per answer 29.1 13.0 25.5 18.1 Links per answer Links per answer Links per answer Links per answer 7.9 3.2 5.7 2.3 Citation rate Citation rate Citation rate Citation rate 27.0% 24.3% 22.2% 12.9% Searches with site: Searches with site: Searches with site: Searches with site: 0.0% 0.1% 22.9% 9.5% Bars scale to the highest era per metric · breaks found in the daily data, model names as reported by ChatGPT from Aug 8 Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026
Links per answer Jun 13 shift gpt-5-6 gpt-6 60 45 30 15 0 May Jun Jul ChatGPT daily averages per answer · links fell from 14.7 in April to 2.7 in October Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 Aug Sep Oct
by how many pages ChatGPT read for that answer gpt-5-6, Aug 8 to Oct 8 gpt-6, Oct 9 to 22 8.1 8 7.4 6 5.3 5.0 3.9 4 3.5 3.5 3.1 2.5 1.8 2 0 1 to 5 pages 6 to 10 11 to 20 10% sample of ChatGPT answers · under gpt-5-6 more reading meant more links · under gpt-6 it stays between 2 and 4 Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 21 to 40 40+ pages
both models answered prompts on the same days Pages read per answer −18% 50.3 Links per answer −66% 7.1 Citation rate −60% 14.2% 41.4 5.7% 2.4 gpt-5-6 gpt-6 gpt-5-6 gpt-6 gpt-5-6 Sample size gpt-6 has far fewer answers than gpt-5-6 in this window. Time is not the reason for the gap, but read the gpt-6 side as an early signal. Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 gpt-6
per ChatGPT answer of read pages never get a link citation rate from gpt-5-6 to gpt-6 ChatGPT reads more than any other Being retrieved is not the win. Being Every model release resets the funnel. engine. picked is. Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026
with "2026" Searches with site: gpt-5-6 40% gpt-6 30% 20% 10% 0% May Jun Jul Share of ChatGPT fan-out queries, daily · site: arrived with gpt-5-6 and shrank with gpt-6 Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 Aug Sep Oct
era Queries per answer Words per query Searches with "2026" Searches with "best" 23.2% 22.9% 36.4% 10.9 10.7 Searches with site: 22.2% 2.42 8.9 9.0 27.2% 16.1% 1.83 1.30 15.3% 1.02 Spring Summer 9.5% 8.8% 13.5% gpt-5-6 gpt-6 Spring Summer gpt-5-6 gpt-6 Spring Summer gpt-5-6 gpt-6 0% 0.1% Spring Summer gpt-5-6 gpt-6 Spring What changed gpt-5-6 searched more and leaned on site:. gpt-6 writes longer, dated queries and asks for "best" again. Google engines do not expose their queries. Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 Summer gpt-5-6 gpt-6
project management software small agency 2026 Prompt "What is the best project tool for a small agency?" Query 2 → project management tools comparison agencies Query 3 2026 → site:g2.com project management Built from the most common patterns in real fan-outs: long query, the current year, comparison words, and a site: filter Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 small business review
days, public sources and platforms gov.uk Government reddit.com Community microsoft.com Platform learn.microsoft.com Docs service-public.fr Government cloud.google.com Docs trustpilot.com Reviews eur-lex.europa.eu Government 13.5% of ChatGPT fan-outs used site: over 180 days, almost all from Aug 8 · brand sites named in tracked prompts are left out Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026
Discussion pages gpt-5-6 25% gpt-6 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% May Jun Jul Share of all ChatGPT links, daily · institutional = government, health, education, public bodies Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 Aug Sep Oct
per domain, spring vs gpt-6 Spring, Apr 26 to Jun 12 reuters.com gpt-6, Oct 9 to 22 92.8% Only one tester held on rtings.com went up while Reddit, Wikipedia and Reuters wikipedia.org 80.8% lost most of their links. reddit.com 79.7% techradar.com 57.1% 26% 23.3% reuters.com 34% 15.4% gov.uk 32.4% 14.3% tomsguide.com 13.6% techradar.com 12.9% All domains 11.7% wikipedia.org 8.7% reddit.com 5.8% linkedin.com tomsguide.com gov.uk All domains rtings.com linkedin.com Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 rtings.com 27% 24.8% 16.2%
rate wikipedia.org citation rate gpt-5-6 100% gpt-6 75% 50% 25% 0% May Jun Jul Share of read pages from each domain that got a link in ChatGPT, daily Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 Aug Sep Oct
type's links that sit at position 1, ChatGPT, Oct 11 to 22 Listicle 35.8% avg position 2.52 Category page 32.3% avg 2.68 Comparison 32.2% avg 2.60 Alternative 31.2% How-to guide 28.1% avg 2.77 avg 2.73 Article 26.1% avg 2.99 Product page 25.8% avg 3.00 Discussion 19.7% Position data is complete from Oct 11 · Google AI Mode shows the same lead: listicles 27.4% at position 1 Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 avg 3.28
a title signal shows up in linked pages vs read but rejected pages Linked pages Read but rejected 16% 15% 13.4% 12% 11% 10.8% 8% 5.4% 5.2% 4% 3.2% 2.1% 0% Has "2026" Has "best" Starts with a number Is a question no lift no lift no lift small lift ChatGPT, 5% sample, 148M pages, 180 days · a question title is the only signal with a small lift Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026
of read pages, Jun 28 to Oct 22, 2026 Page names no tracked brand Page names a tracked brand Claude +8.8 pts Google AI Mode +4.3 pts Google AI Overviews +2.0 pts ChatGPT +0.6 pts 0% 25% 50% 75% Tracked brand = any brand tracked in a Peec AI project that appears on the page · the lift is small everywhere and smallest in ChatGPT Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 100%
of ChatGPT links go to Reddit official sources in ChatGPT links of listicle links sit at position 1 Last 14 days, Oct 16 to 29. In spring it Government, health and education took Format decides where you appear, not if was 8.4%. Fewer than 1 in 500 links now. the share that forums lost. you appear. Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026
Mode AI Mode + ChatGPT AI Overviews + ChatGPT gpt-5-6 30% gpt-6 20% 10% 0% May Jun Jul Aug Shared linked domains / all linked domains of both engines, same prompt, same day · 10% sample of projects Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 Sep Oct
of Google AI Overviews and ChatGPT for the same prompt Same prompt, same day 51.7% of prompt pairs share zero linked domains between AI Overviews and ChatGPT Google AI Overviews ChatGPT Shared domains, all pairs YouTube, Reddit, Facebook, Instagram YouTube, Reddit, 9.5% Facebook, Instagram AIO + AI Mode 21.6% shared AI Mode + ChatGPT 11.1% AIO + Claude 12.7% AIO + ChatGPT 9.5% ChatGPT + Claude 8.9% 6.8M prompt pairs, 10% sample of projects, Apr 26 to Oct 22, 2026 · shared = domains linked by both / domains linked by either Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026
Claude · 21.6% 9.5% 12.7% AI Mode 21.6% · 11.1% 13.0% ChatGPT 9.5% 11.1% · 8.9% Claude 12.7% 13.0% 8.9% · AI Overviews Darker = more shared linked domains for the same prompt on the same day · 180-day average · the two Google engines agree most Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026
YouTube in AI Mode Reddit in ChatGPT gpt-5-6 15% gpt-6 10% 5% 0% May Jun Share of all links that go to the domain, daily Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 Jul Aug Sep Oct
all links per engine, Jun 28 to Oct 22, 2026 AI Overviews AI Mode ChatGPT Claude youtube.com 8.0% 6.2% 0.04% 0.01% linkedin.com 0.90% 0.55% 0.14% 0.10% quora.com 0.39% 0.13% <0.01% 0.02% wikipedia.org 0.25% 0.30% 0.21% 0.43% 2.6% 2.4% 1.5% never read reddit.com Darker = bigger share of all links from that engine · YouTube gets 8.0% of AIO links but 0.04% of ChatGPT links · Claude never reads Reddit Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026
type, 180 days Listicles Best / top Brand pages 26.2% Compare 6.6% How to 5.4% What / why 9.7% Articles + guides Comparisons Other 32.8% 32.2% 20.3% 29.8% 14.2% 22% 52.5% 17.8% 21% 19.3% 33.9% Share of ChatGPT links · brand pages = product, category and homepages · prompt type from prompt wording Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 18.2% 9% 22.2%
intent, by engine, 180 days ChatGPT Google AI Overviews Google AI Mode Claude 59% 60% 57% 53% 53% 53% 45% 40% 34% 33% 27% 26% 25% 23% 18% 18% 20% 6% 5% 0% Listicles for "best" Comparisons for "compare" Guides for "how to" Claude is the listicle and comparison engine · Google adds forums and video to how-to answers · ChatGPT spreads links widest Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 Forums for "how to"
Owned media citation share The brand's own domain and its subdomains. 7.6% brand.com, shop.brand.com, brand.com/blog AI answer 100% of links Third-party media citation share Europe, 4 engines, 180 days Everyone else: newsrooms, reviewers, forums, 92.4% reference sites, government, competitors. Owned = the cited domain matches the website of the tracked brand in the Peec AI project · citation share = share of all links Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026
Europe by media type, and how the owned share grows from pages read to links Owned media 9.1% ChatGPT 90.9% Third-party media Owned share: read → linked Lift 7.5% → 9.1% 1.21x Google AI Mode 7.3% 92.7% 6.6% → 7.3% 1.09x Google AI Overviews 6.6% 93.4% 6.2% → 6.6% 1.07x 4.4% → 4.6% 1.03x Claude 4.6% 95.4% Lift = owned citation share / owned share of pages read · ChatGPT gives owned pages a bigger share of links than of reads · Google engines mostly expose shown sources Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026
own site Owned share of ChatGPT links IS 3% under 4% 4 to 7% 7 to 10% 10 to 13% 13% and more FI 13% SE 9% Highest NO 13% EE 12% Lowest Ireland 18.3% Iceland 2.9% Turkey 16.2% Bulgaria 3.3% Slovenia 14.2% Slovakia 13.7% Norway 12.9% Hungary 12.8% LV 9% DK 12% LT 6% IE 18% U 5 kraine 3. % GB 8% NL 9% PL 10% Greece 4% UA 4% DE 9% BE 11% LU 8% CZ 7% SK 14% AT 11% FR 10% L 55 ithuania . % HU 13% RO 9% CH 9% Portugal 6% SI 14% HR 8% RS 11% BG 3% IT 10% R ead it like this PT 6% , TR 16% ES 9% In Ireland GR 4% almost 1 in 5 ChatGPT links goes to the Greece and Bulgaria it is 1 in 8.5 , UK 8. % Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 ,F 3% . 25. . rance 10 0% b ' rand s own site Big markets sit in the middle : . In Germany
AI engines link to most in each market, all 4 engines, 180 days #1 UGC platform, countries Reddit 21 YouTube 11 In the top 3, out of 32 countries Reddit 32 YouTube 25 Facebook 21 Instagram 8 Trustpilot 6 LinkedIn 2 M Local platforms in a top 3 modrykonik.sk (SK) · sikayetvar.com (TR) Ş Without Google: ChatGPT and Claude only Reddit is #1 in all 32 countries. Trustpilot w out of the top 3 every w Overvie YouTube is #1 Reddit is #1 Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 s and AI M x here e j oins the top 3 in 21 countries. YouTube drops cept Romania. M ff ost of the YouTube e ect comes from AI ode. Icon order = rank 1, 2, 3 by number of links · UGC = domains Peec AI classifies as user-generated content
scale on all three maps ChatGPT Google AI Overviews Google AI Mode Europe avg 9.1% · lift 1.21x Europe avg 6.6% · lift 1.07x Europe avg 7.3% · lift 1.09x Top 3 Top 3 Top 3 Ireland 18.3% Norway Turkey 16.2% Turkey Slovenia under 4% 14.2% Finland 4 to 7% Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 7 to 10% 10 to 13% 14.4% 13.5% Finland 17.8% Hungary 13.2% Norway 13% and more 15.9% 14.8%
ChatGPT: owned share of pages read vs owned citation share, countries A to Z Owned share of pages read Lift Owned citation share Austria 1.20x Belgium 1.16x Denmark 1.23x Finland 1.18x France 1.19x Germany 1.24x Hungary 1.06x Ireland 1.24x Italy 1.21x Lithuania 1.21x Netherlands 1.19x Norway 1.18x Poland 1.19x Portugal 1.21x Romania 1.27x Spain 1.22x Sweden 1.23x Switzerland 1.21x Turkey 1.21x United Kingdom 1.19x 0% Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 5% 10% 15% 20%
of links in Europe, every 2 days ChatGPT Google AI Mode Google AI Overviews gpt-5-6 14% gpt-6 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct 30 European countries · ChatGPT owned share went from 5.8% to 10.2%, the jump came on Aug 8 with gpt-5-6 · Claude daily volume is too small for a daily line Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026
ChatGPT Google AI Mode Google AI Overviews gpt-5-6 60% gpt-6 40% 20% 0% May Jun Jul Aug Prompts run from Austria · 180-day average: ChatGPT 40.6% .at, AI Mode 31.6%, AIO 28.6% · AIO gives .de 30.8%, more than .at Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 Sep Oct
Google AI Mode ChatGPT gpt-5-6 100% gpt-6 75% 50% 25% 0% May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Share of URLs linked for a prompt that get linked again the next day · 180-day average: ChatGPT 31.4%, AI Mode 37.0%, AIO 41.2%, Claude 72.0% · 10% sample of projects Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026
3 Step 4 Step 5 Search Read Trust Fit Link → → → → Long queries, the year, 13 to 29 pages, set by the Official, tested, expert Intent picks list, guide or sometimes site: model sources win brand page A simple model built from 180 days of patterns in this deck · not an official description of any engine · every model release changes steps 1, 2 and 5 Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026 2 to 8 links. Lists go first.
Fit Get into the reading list Show you tested it Match the intent Rank for long, dated queries. "2026" is in more Official, tested and expert sources took the share Best = listicle. How to = guide. Compare = brand than a third of gpt-6 searches. that Reddit and forums lost. page with a clear table. 36.4% carry "2026" 7.0% to 22.9% official 52.5% guides for how to 04 · Position 05 · Models 06 · Owned Lead with a ranked list? Re-check after every release Own your pages (I don’t like listicles) gpt-6 halved the citation rate in one week. Watch Once ChatGPT reads your own page, it links it 1.23x your daily numbers, not quarterly. more often than a third-party page. 22.2% to 12.9% 1.23x owned lift , Europe When listicles get a link, they take position 1 more than any other page type. 35.8% at position 1 Disclaimer Engines change fast. These are readings from 180 days of Peec AI data, Apr 26 to Oct 22, 2026, not rules. Measure your own prompts every day. Peec AI data · Apr 26 to O ct 22, 2026
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