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Nix: λ-toolchain

Nix: λ-toolchain

Volodymyr Kyrylov

August 09, 2014
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  1. % nix-instantiate --eval -E ' { hello = "world"; one

    = 1; } ' { hello = "world"; one = 1; } attribute sets
  2. % nix-instantiate --eval -E ' rec { hello = "world";

    again = hello; } ' { again = <CODE>; hello = "world"; } recursive attrsets
  3. % nix-instantiate --eval --strict -E ' rec { hello =

    "world"; again = hello; } ' { again = "world"; hello = "world"; } (optional) strict evaluation
  4. % nix-instantiate --eval -E ' (((a: b: "hello ${a} ${b}")

    "john") "doe") ' "hello john doe" currying
  5. % nix-repl Welcome to Nix version 1.7. Type :? for

    help. nix-repl> :p let a = "one"; b = "two"; f = { foo, bar }: "${foo}: ${bar}”; in f { foo = a; bar = b; } "one: two" argument deconstruction
  6. nix-repl> :p let foo = “one”; bar = “two"; f

    = { foo, bar }: "${foo}: ${bar}”; in f { inherit foo bar; } "one: two" scope inheritance
  7. { lib, ... }: with lib; let ec2 = {

    "my-elastic-ip" = "54.127.128.129/32"; }; rackspace = { "huge-box" = "154.24.23.52/32"; "build-box" = "165.123.32.23/32"; }; locations = { "home" = "127.0.0.1/32"; "office" = "169.254.169.254/32"; }; in rec { netmap = ec2 // rackspace // locations; whitelist = attrValues netmap; }
  8. { lib, ... }: with lib; let ec2 = {

    "my-elastic-ip" = "54.127.128.129/32"; }; rackspace = { "huge-box" = "154.24.23.52/32"; "build-box" = "165.123.32.23/32"; }; locations = { "home" = "127.0.0.1/32"; "office" = "169.254.169.254/32"; }; in rec { netmap = ec2 // rackspace // locations; whitelist = attrValues netmap; }
  9. % nix-instantiate --eval \ --arg lib '(import <nixpkgs> {}).lib' \

    my-networks.nix { netmap = <CODE>; whitelist = <CODE>; }
  10. % nix-instantiate --eval --strict \ --arg lib '(import <nixpkgs> {}).lib'

    \ my-networks.nix { netmap = { build-box = "165.123.32.23/32"; home = "127.0.0.1/32"; huge-box = "154.24.23.52/32"; my-elastic-ip = "54.127.128.129/32"; office = "169.254.169.254/32"; }; whitelist = [ "165.123.32.23/32" "127.0.0.1/32" "154.24.23.52/32" "54.127.128.129/32" "169.254.169.254/32" ]; }
  11. % nix-instantiate --eval --strict -E ' builtins.toJSON import ./my-networks.nix {

    inherit (import <nixpkgs> {}) lib; } ' error: cannot convert a partially applied built- in function to JSON
  12. % nix-instantiate --eval --strict -E ' builtins.toJSON (import ./my-networks.nix {

    inherit (import <nixpkgs> {}) lib; }) ' | jq -r . | jq . { "whitelist": [ "165.123.32.23/32", "127.0.0.1/32", "154.24.23.52/32", "54.127.128.129/32", "169.254.169.254/32" ], "netmap": { "office": "169.254.169.254/32", "my-elastic-ip": "54.127.128.129/32", "huge-box": "154.24.23.52/32", "home": "127.0.0.1/32", "build-box": "165.123.32.23/32" } }
  13. '' #!${pkgs.bash}/bin/bash # this string is going to be indented

    cd ${if cfg.dataDir != "" then cfg.dataDir else "/var/empty"} exec ${cfg.command} ''; smart interpolation
  14. '' #!${pkgs.bash}/bin/bash # this string is going to be indented

    cd ${if cfg.dataDir != "" then cfg.dataDir else "/var/empty"} exec ${cfg.command} ''; "antiquotation"
  15. let system = builtins.currentSystem; builder = /bin/bash; in rec {

    writeText = name: text: derivation { inherit system builder name; args = ["-c" "echo -n '${text}' > $out"]; }; }
  16. % nix-instantiate -E ' (import ./ourlib.nix).writeText "hello" "world" ' warning:

    you did not specify `--add-root'; the result might be removed by the garbage collector /nix/store/ic243k5dw29knvgp60x8nh22kmkbg4dh-hello.drv
  17. % nix-instantiate -E ' (import ./ourlib.nix).writeText "hello" "world" ' warning:

    you did not specify `--add-root'; the result might be removed by the garbage collector /nix/store/ic243k5dw29knvgp60x8nh22kmkbg4dh-hello.drv the store
  18. % nix-instantiate -E ' (import ./ourlib.nix).writeText "hello" "world" ' warning:

    you did not specify `--add-root'; the result might be removed by the garbage collector /nix/store/ic243k5dw29knvgp60x8nh22kmkbg4dh-hello.drv % nix-instantiate -E ' (import ./ourlib.nix).writeText "hello" "world" ' warning: you did not specify `--add-root'; the result might be removed by the garbage collector /nix/store/ic243k5dw29knvgp60x8nh22kmkbg4dh-hello.drv
  19. Derive( [("out","/nix/store/p30mrskrnk8y5zvknc7ccppz3m30vkbf-hello","","")], [], ["/nix/store/mv24aqvq44jvdxnhszx6kyps9jlf0ial-bash"], "x86_64-darwin", "/nix/store/mv24aqvq44jvdxnhszx6kyps9jlf0ial-bash", ["-c","echo -n 'world' >

    $out"], [("builder","/nix/store/mv24aqvq44jvdxnhszx6kyps9jlf0ial-bash"), ("name","hello"), ("out","/nix/store/p30mrskrnk8y5zvknc7ccppz3m30vkbf-hello"), ("system","x86_64-darwin")] ) "annotated term"
  20. % nix-store --realise /nix/store/ ic243k5dw29knvgp60x8nh22kmkbg4dh-hello.drv these derivations will be built:

    /nix/store/ic243k5dw29knvgp60x8nh22kmkbg4dh-hello.drv building path(s) `/nix/store/ p30mrskrnk8y5zvknc7ccppz3m30vkbf-hello' warning: you did not specify `--add-root'; the result might be removed by the garbage collector /nix/store/p30mrskrnk8y5zvknc7ccppz3m30vkbf-hello realising the derivation
  21. % nix-store --realise /nix/store/ ic243k5dw29knvgp60x8nh22kmkbg4dh-hello.drv warning: you did not specify

    `--add-root'; the result might be removed by the garbage collector /nix/store/p30mrskrnk8y5zvknc7ccppz3m30vkbf-hello ... only once
  22. % nix-store --print-env /nix/store/ ic243k5dw29knvgp60x8nh22kmkbg4dh-hello.drv export builder; builder='/nix/store/mv24aqvq44jvdxnhszx6kyps9jlf0ial-bash' export name;

    name='hello' export out; out='/nix/store/p30mrskrnk8y5zvknc7ccppz3m30vkbf-hello' export system; system='x86_64-darwin' export _args; _args='-c echo -n '\''world'\'' > $out' reproducible env
  23. % ll $(nix-instantiate --eval -E '<nixpkgs>')/ total 24 -rw-r--r-- 1

    proger staff 1.6K Jun 17 13:36 COPYING -rw-r--r-- 1 proger staff 677B Jun 23 17:17 README.md -rw-r--r-- 1 proger staff 213B Jun 17 13:36 default.nix drwxr-xr-x 15 proger staff 510B Jul 21 10:17 doc/ drwxr-xr-x 22 proger staff 748B Jul 21 10:17 lib/ drwxr-xr-x 3 proger staff 102B Jun 17 13:36 maintainers/ drwxr-xr-x 13 proger staff 442B Jul 21 10:17 nixos/ drwxr-xr-x 16 proger staff 544B Jun 17 13:36 pkgs/
  24. % cat ~dev/nix/nixpkgs/pkgs/os-specific/linux/latencytop/default.nix { stdenv, fetchurl, ncurses, glib, pkgconfig, gtk

    }: stdenv.mkDerivation rec { name = "latencytop-0.5"; patchPhase = "sed -i s,/usr,$out, Makefile"; preInstall = "mkdir -p $out/sbin"; src = fetchurl { urls = [ "http://latencytop.org/download/${name}.tar.gz" "http://dbg.download.sourcemage.org/mirror/latencytop-0.5.tar.gz" ]; sha256 = "1vq3j9zdab6njly2wp900b3d5244mnxfm88j2bkiinbvxbxp4zwy"; }; buildInputs = [ ncurses glib pkgconfig gtk ]; meta = { homepage = http://latencytop.org; description = "Tool to show kernel reports on latencies (LATENCYTOP option)"; license = "GPLv2"; maintainers = [ stdenv.lib.maintainers.viric ]; platforms = stdenv.lib.platforms.linux; }; }
  25. stdenv basic toolchain for C ./configure --prefix=$out make make install

    (and more) unix idiosyncrasies unix flavours monkey-patching (patchelf) nix-shell matters even more
  26. stdenv for $LANGUAGE build on top of language- specific package

    manager integrate with the rest of the world
  27. % nix-store -qR /nix/store/ lfmx59j4ds9k7f6grs6l5y7y7wq52d3n-sysdig-0.1.82 /nix/store/x52mfsvjaz1k82iy8hh5bmh1jhz62kwg-gmp-5.1.3 /nix/store/q4dp57r561pqps48sqnps74xwz9fg9b4-isl-0.11.1 /nix/store/939lir5rs9axn2pch7sxgxwpvk2yq20d-cloog-0.18.0 /nix/store/fz99gjn0vi6nmxnv2rr6kh2sfc85mpy2-zlib-1.2.8 /nix/store/j81x6cd2zdqp1f0yprghgd266d5zgjx0-mpfr-3.1.2

    /nix/store/jqmfwcky6r6m177ak87rsrfg825z383w-zlib-1.2.8 /nix/store/m551ya45l9gg0wclllhniszrccl3szb6-mpc-1.0.1 /nix/store/yy6px6c2fxmq4bcs6mzq16wfnlc9l36y-gcc-4.8.2 /nix/store/kif3h9a68a6vc3r7s7y0i3cszjjix21q-luajit-2.0.3 /nix/store/lfmx59j4ds9k7f6grs6l5y7y7wq52d3n-sysdig-0.1.82 store closure
  28. % nix-copy-closure --to anotherbox /nix/store/ lfmx59j4ds9k7f6grs6l5y7y7wq52d3n-sysdig-0.1.82 copying 4 missing paths

    to ‘anotherbox’... importing path `/nix/store/fz99gjn0vi6nmxnv2rr6kh2sfc85mpy2-zlib-1.2.8' load: 1.23 cmd: ssh 24006 waiting 0.00u 0.00s load: 1.23 cmd: ssh 24006 waiting 0.00u 0.00s importing path `/nix/store/yy6px6c2fxmq4bcs6mzq16wfnlc9l36y-gcc-4.8.2' importing path `/nix/store/kif3h9a68a6vc3r7s7y0i3cszjjix21q-luajit-2.0.3' importing path `/nix/store/lfmx59j4ds9k7f6grs6l5y7y7wq52d3n-sysdig-0.1.82'
  29. NixOS binary channels user environments (profiles) /etc/nixos/configuration.nix generations / rollbacks

    Solaris-like "boot configurations" mostly designed for laptops / legacy systems :(
  30. let region = "ap-southeast-1"; accessKeyId = "devops"; gen-instance = {

    resources, ... }: (import ./thumbor.nix {}) { deployment.ec2 = { inherit accessKeyId region; instanceType = "c3.2xlarge"; }; fileSystems."/data" = { ec2.disk = "ephemeral0"; }; }; in { resources.ec2KeyPairs.default = { inherit accessKeyId region; }; thumbor1 = gen-instance; thumbor2 = gen-instance; thumbor3 = gen-instance; thumbor4 = gen-instance; }
  31. { lib }: with lib; rec { mapcat = f:

    x: concatLists (mapAttrsToList f x); mapcata = f: x: listToAttrs (mapcat f x); } maps/filters included
  32. resources.elbs.web = { resources, config, pkgs, lib, ... }: with

    lib; { inherit region accessKeyId; name = "${name}-web"; subnets = [ resources.subnets.default ]; securityGroups = [ resources.ec2SecurityGroups.default ]; machines = mapAttrsToList (name: m: m) resources.machines; route53Aliases = mapcata (_name: app: (map (prefix: { name = prefix + app.dns.public.name; value = { zoneId = app.dns.public.zoneId; }; }) ["" "*."])) all-apps; };
  33. zone=ZOZONEZONEZONE date=$(curl -s -I https://route53.amazonaws.com/date \ | awk '/^Date: /

    { sub("Date: ", "", $0); sub("\\r", "", $0); print $0 }') set -- $(curl -s http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/ iam/security-credentials/dns \ | jq -r '.SecretAccessKey, .AccessKeyId, .Token') signature=$(echo -n $date \ | openssl dgst -binary -sha1 -hmac $1 \ | base64) auth_header="X-Amzn-Authorization: AWS3-HTTPS AWSAccessKeyId=$2,Algorithm=HmacSHA1,Signature=$signature" hostname=$(hostname).doge-networking-enterprises.com local_hostname=$(curl -s http://169.254.169.254/latest/ meta-data/local-hostname)
  34. zone date | awk sub("Date: ", "", $0); sub("\\r", "",

    $0); print $0 }' set iam/security-credentials/dns | jq -r signature | openssl dgst -binary -sha1 -hmac | base64 auth_header AWSAccessKeyId=$2,Algorithm=HmacSHA1,Signature=$signature" hostname local_hostname meta-data/local-hostname curl awk curl jq openssl coreutils curl bash
  35. bash = "${pkgs.bash}/bin/bash"; base64 = "${pkgs.coreutils}/bin/base64"; jq = "${pkgs.jq}/bin/jq"; curl

    = "${pkgs.curl}/bin/curl -s --retry --fail"; awk = "${pkgs.gawk}/bin/awk"; openssl = "${pkgs.openssl}/bin/openssl";
  36. zone date | awk sub("Date: ", "", $0); sub("\\r", "",

    $0); print $0 }' set iam/security-credentials/dns | jq -r signature | openssl dgst -binary -sha1 -hmac | base64 auth_header AWSAccessKeyId=$2,Algorithm=HmacSHA1,Signature=$signature" hostname local_hostname meta-data/local-hostname ${curl} ${awk} ${jq} ${openssl} ${base64} ${curl} ${curl} ${bash}
  37. Getting started mix and match Nix with Docker Nix on

    Debian with Chef Nix on Debian with NixOps