How the Internet Works

How the Internet Works A presentation by Konstantin Tennhard

railsgirls.com

What just happened?

A user’s point of view Your browser just retrieved a
web page for you – in less than a fraction of a second. That’s it. As a user you don’t need to understand anything else. That’s the beauty of the Internet – it’s easy.

But …

A developer’s point of view There just happened a lot:
Network requests were issued, resources were obtained, and ﬁnally a visual representation was generated and presented to the user.

Communication

Protocols A protocol is a method to formalize communication between
two entities.

Informal Protocol For users, there are often multiple ways to
communicate with a computer and they are usually less formalized. Formal Protocol Communication between electronic entities, e.g., servers and clients, is formalized and therefore follows strict rules.

HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

1 Request

1 Request Four types of requests: GET, POST, PUT, DELETE
Text-based

1 Request

2 Processing

3 Response

3 Response Static ﬁles: Images, JavaScript, CSS Generated data: HTML,
XML, JSON

3 Response

HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol GET / HTTP/1.1 Host: railsgirls.com
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-Length: 2785 Content-Type: text/html <!doctype html> <html lang="en">  </html>

Resources

Resource A resource is an addressable and obtainable entity that
has one or more representations.

Types of Resources Generated Data • Documents (HTML, XML, JSON)
Static Files • Documents (HTML, XML, JSON) • Code (JavaScript, CSS) • Images (PNG, JPG, GIF, etc.) • Videos

Hyper Text Markup Language HTML <html> <head> <title>Rails Girls</title> </head>
<body> <p>Hello Rails Girls Frankfurt!</p> </body> <html> Hello Rails Girls Frankfurt!

Cascading Style Sheets CSS p { text-align: center; font-weight: bold;
font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 36px; } Hello Rails Girls Frankfurt!

JavaScript $('p'). delay(2000). hide(). delay(2000). show(); Hello Rails Girls Frankfurt!

… and Ruby on Rails Ruby …

Thank you! You are welcome to ask questions!

How the Internet Works

How the Internet Works

Rails Girls Frankfurt

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