Dependency management and Package management in JavaScript

Transcript

1. Dependency management & Package management in JavaScript Sebastiano Armeli @sebarmeli

   WebExpo 2013, Prague (Czech Republic) Friday, September 20, 13

2. Friday, September 20, 13

3. @sebarmeli Sebastiano Armeli-Battana • realestate.com.au • Melbourne, Australia Friday, September

   20, 13

4. Dependency management & Package management in JavaScript Sebastiano Armeli @sebarmeli

   WebExpo 2013, Prague (Czech Republic) Friday, September 20, 13

5. Dependency management Friday, September 20, 13

6. “A dependency happens when a component relies on another one”

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7. View << depends on >> Model Friday, September 20, 13

8. model.js ------------ (function(window){ ‘use strict’; function Model() { } window.Model

   = Model; })(window); Friday, September 20, 13

9. view.js ------------ (function(window){ ‘use strict’; function View(model) { this.model =

   model; } window.View = View; })(window); Friday, September 20, 13

10. var model = new Model(); var view = new View(model);

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11. What to consider when you create a dependency? Friday, September

    20, 13

12. Principles of Package Coupling Acyclic-Dependencies Principle Stable-Dependencies Principle Friday, September

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13. Stable Dependencies Principle Friday, September 20, 13

14. Friday, September 20, 13

15. Unstable Stable View Model Friday, September 20, 13

16. Model DOES NOT change frequently View DOES change frequently Friday,

    September 20, 13

17. Acyclic Dependencies Principle Friday, September 20, 13

18. Friday, September 20, 13

19. View Model Router Friday, September 20, 13

20. Avoid Cycles! Friday, September 20, 13

21. How do we handle dependencies? Friday, September 20, 13

22. Java ----- import java.util.*; import javax.servlet.http.*; Ruby ----- require ‘net/http’

    require ‘spec_helper’ Friday, September 20, 13

23. ...and in JS ? Friday, September 20, 13

24. import jQuery from ‘jquery’; Friday, September 20, 13

25. import jQuery from ‘jquery’; ES6 Friday, September 20, 13

26. <script src=”file1.js”></script> <script src=”file2.js”></script> <script src=”file3.js”></script> <script src=”file4.js”></script> <script src=”file5.js”></script>

    <script src=”file6.js”></script> <script src=”file7.js”></script> <script src=”file8.js”></script> index.html ------------ Friday, September 20, 13

27. <script src=”file3.js”></script> <script src=”file4.js”></script> <script src=”file1.js”></script> <script src=”file2.js”></script> index.html ------------

    <script src=”file5.js”></script> <script src=”file6.js”></script> <script src=”file7.js”></script> <script src=”file8.js”></script> Friday, September 20, 13

28. <script src=”file3.js”></script> <script src=”file4.js”></script> <script src=”file1.js”></script> <script src=”file2.js”></script> index.html ------------

    <script src=”file5.js”></script> <script src=”file6.js”></script> <script src=”file7.js”></script> <script src=”file8.js”></script> Friday, September 20, 13

29. <script src=”file4.js”></script> <script src=”file3.js”></script> <script src=”file1.js”></script> <script src=”file2.js”></script> index.html ------------

    <script src=”file5.js”></script> <script src=”file6.js”></script> <script src=”file7.js”></script> <script src=”file8.js”></script> Friday, September 20, 13

30. Friday, September 20, 13

31. Not only one way to order <script>s Friday, September 20,

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32. app.js view.js helpers.js view2.js helpers2.js model.js Friday, September 20, 13

33. app.js view.js helpers.js view2.js helpers2.js model.js 1 2 3 5

    4 6 Friday, September 20, 13

34. app.js view.js helpers.js view2.js helpers2.js model.js 1 2 3 5

    4 6 4 1 3 2 5 6 Friday, September 20, 13

35. 1 4 5 2 3 0 1 1 2,3 2

    5 3 4 IN-DEGREES NODE Friday, September 20, 13

36. 4 5 2 3 0 2,3 2 5 3 4

    IN-DEGREES NODE 1 Results: Friday, September 20, 13

37. 4 5 2 0 2 1 5 2 4 IN-DEGREES

    NODE 1 - 3 Results: Friday, September 20, 13

38. 4 5 0 5 1 4 IN-DEGREES NODE 1 -

    3 - 2 Results: Friday, September 20, 13

39. 4 0 4 IN-DEGREES NODE 1 - 3 - 2

    - 5 Results: Friday, September 20, 13

40. 1 4 5 2 3 1 - 3 - 2

    - 5 - 4 4 - 5 - 2 - 3 - 1 Friday, September 20, 13

41. http://howardlewisship.com/images/t5-service-dependencies.jpg Friday, September 20, 13

42. RequireJS Friday, September 20, 13

43. Friday, September 20, 13

44. var module = (function(){ // private variables, methods var title

    = “”; function f1() {} return { // public/privileged methods getTitle: function(){ return title; } } }()) ; MODULE PATTERN Friday, September 20, 13

45. define(function () { var title = “”; function f1() {}

    return { getTitle: function() { return title; } } }); RJS MODULE PATTERN Friday, September 20, 13

46. define(id?, dependencies?, factory) Friday, September 20, 13

47. index.html js / -- main.js -- helpers.js -- app /

    -- views / -- view1.js -- vendor / -- require.js view1.js ------------ define([‘helpers’], function(helpers){ return { init: function(){} } }); define(function(){ // code here }); helpers.js ------------ Friday, September 20, 13

48. index.html js / -- main.js -- helpers.js -- app /

    -- views / -- view1.js -- vendor / -- require.js view1.js ------------ define([‘helpers’], function(helpers){ return { init: function(){} } }); define(function(){ // code here }); helpers.js ------------ Friday, September 20, 13

49. require(dependencies?, factory) Friday, September 20, 13

50. index.html ------------ <script src=”js/vendor/require.js” data-main=”js/main.js”></script> main.js ------------ require([‘view1’],function(view1){ view1.init(); });

    index.html js / -- main.js -- helpers.js -- app / -- views / -- view1.js -- vendor / -- require.js Friday, September 20, 13

51. Friday, September 20, 13

52. main.js ------------ require.config({ baseUrl: ‘./js’, paths: { ‘view1’: ‘app/views/view1’ }

    }); require([‘view1’],function(view1){ view1.init(); }); index.html js / -- main.js -- helpers.js -- app / -- views / -- view1.js -- vendor / -- require.js Friday, September 20, 13

53. NO blocking! Friday, September 20, 13

54. require() asynchronous de!ne() - de!ne.amd AMD well suited for browser

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55. Friday, September 20, 13

56. Friday, September 20, 13

57. if ( typeof define === "function" && define.amd ) {

    define( "jquery", [], function () { return jQuery; }); } Friday, September 20, 13

58. Friday, September 20, 13

59. index.html js / -- main.js -- helpers.js -- app /

    -- views / -- view1.js -- vendor / -- require.js -- backbone.js -- underscore.js -- jquery.js main.js ------------ require.config({ baseUrl: ‘js/vendor’, shim: { ‘underscore’:{ exports: ‘_’ }, ‘backbone’: { deps: [‘jquery’, ‘underscore’], exports: ‘Backbone’ } } }); require([‘backbone’],function(Backbone){ Backbone.history.start(); }); Friday, September 20, 13

60. index.html js / -- main.js -- helpers.js -- app /

    -- views / -- view1.js -- vendor / -- require.js -- backbone.js -- underscore.js -- jquery.js main.js ------------ require.config({ baseUrl: ‘js/vendor’, shim: { ‘underscore’:{ exports: ‘_’ }, ‘backbone’: { deps: [‘jquery’, ‘underscore’], exports: ‘Backbone’ } } }); require([‘backbone’],function(Backbone){ Backbone.history.start(); }); Friday, September 20, 13

61. LOADER PLUGINS • i18n!, async!, domReady! • text!, css!, json!,

    cs!, hbs! [plugin Module ID]![resource ID] Friday, September 20, 13

62. main.js ------------ require.config({ baseUrl: ‘./js’ }); require([‘text!partials/file.txt’], function(txt) { //

    txt goes here }); index.html js / -- main.js -- vendor / -- require.js -- text.js -- partials / -- !le.txt Friday, September 20, 13

63. Friday, September 20, 13

64. 3 requests! Friday, September 20, 13

65. r.js npm install -g requirejs OPTIMIZER Friday, September 20, 13

66. r.js -o tools/build.js Friday, September 20, 13

67. build.js ------------ ({ appDir:'../', mainConfigFile: '../js/main.js', dir: "../build", modules: [

    { name: "../main" } ] }) index.html js / -- main.js -- helpers.js -- app / -- views / -- view1.js -- vendor / -- require.js tools / -- build.js Friday, September 20, 13

68. build/js/main.js ---------------- index.html build / -- index.html -- build.txt --

    js / -- main.js -- helpers.js -- app / -- views / -- view1.js -- vendor / -- require.js -- tools / -- build.js js/vendor/../main.js ---------------- js/helpers.js js/vendor/view1.js js/vendor/../main.js build/build.txt ---------------- Friday, September 20, 13

69. OPTIMIZER 1 request! Friday, September 20, 13

70. Friday, September 20, 13

71. exports.render = function() {}; var module = require(‘view1’); NO de!ne()

    require() synchronous Server-side approach Friday, September 20, 13

72. npm install -g browserify Friday, September 20, 13

73. foo.js ------------ index.html js / -- main.js -- foo.js node_modules

    / package.json var Foo = function() { // do something }; module.exports = Foo; main.js ------------ var Foo = require(‘./foo’); var foo = new Foo(); Friday, September 20, 13

74. browserify js/main.js > js/bundle.js Friday, September 20, 13

75. index.html ------------ index.html js / -- main.js -- foo.js --

    bundle.js node_modules / package.json bundle.js ------------ ;(function e(t,n,r){function s(o,u){if(!n[o]){if(!t[o]) {var a=typeof require=="function"&&require;if(!u&&a)return a(o,!0);if(i)return i(o,!0);throw new Error("Cannot find module '"+o+"'")}var f=n[o]={exports:{}};t[o] [0].call(f.exports,function(e){var n=t[o][1][e];return s(n?n:e)},f,f.exports,e,t,n,r)}return n[o].exports}var i=typeof require=="function"&&require;for(var o=0;o<r.length;o++)s(r[o]);return s})({1: [function(require,module,exports){ var Foo = function(){ console.log("AA"); }; module.exports = Foo; },{}],2:[function(require,module,exports){ var Foo = require('./foo'); var foo = new Foo(); },{"./foo":1}]},{},[2]) <script src=”js/bundle.js”> </script> Friday, September 20, 13

76. Package management Friday, September 20, 13

77. Friday, September 20, 13

78. “A package is a specific piece of software installable” Friday,

    September 20, 13

79. Packages One or more modules Friday, September 20, 13

80. Name, Description, Version Metadata Packages One or more modules Friday,

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81. Name, Description, Version Metadata Packages One or more modules Checksum

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82. Name, Description, Version Metadata Packages One or more modules Checksum

    Dependencies Friday, September 20, 13

83. Package Manager is the TOOL to... Friday, September 20, 13

84. Speed up your development work"ow Friday, September 20, 13

85. Speed up your development work"ow Automate common tasks Friday, September

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86. Speed up your development work"ow Automate common tasks DRY with

    Repository / Registry Friday, September 20, 13

87. Common Operations Friday, September 20, 13

88. Installing Friday, September 20, 13

89. Installing Removing Friday, September 20, 13

90. Installing Removing Searching Friday, September 20, 13

91. Installing Removing Searching Upgrading Friday, September 20, 13

92. Installing Removing Searching Upgrading Publishing Friday, September 20, 13

93. Package Depedencies A B C C Friday, September 20, 13

94. Package Depedencies A B C C =1.1.0 >1.2.0 Friday, September

    20, 13

95. Package Depedencies A B C C =1.1.0 >1.2.0 Which version

    should I download? Friday, September 20, 13

96. Java Ruby Python .Net OSX Linux Maven/Gradle Rubygems pip NuGet

    Homebrew yum/apt Friday, September 20, 13

97. How do you install packages in JS ? Friday, September

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98. Friday, September 20, 13

99. Node.js Friday, September 20, 13

100. package.json Node.js Friday, September 20, 13

101. package.json NPM registry Node.js Friday, September 20, 13

102. package.json ------------ { "name": "my-app", "version": "0.0.1", "dependencies": { "jquery":

     "~2.0" }, "devDependencies": { "qunit": "0.5.x" } } index.html package.json js / -- app.js Friday, September 20, 13

103. npm install Friday, September 20, 13

104. npm install <package> Commands Friday, September 20, 13

105. npm install <package> Commands npm install -g <package> Friday, September

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106. npm install <package> Commands npm install -g <package> npm update

     <package> Friday, September 20, 13

107. npm list Commands Friday, September 20, 13

108. npm list Commands npm uninstall <package> Friday, September 20, 13

109. npm list Commands npm uninstall <package> npm publish <tarball> Friday,

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110. is a not Package Manager for the CLIENT Friday, September

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111. Bower Friday, September 20, 13

112. Bower Minimalistic & Agnostic Friday, September 20, 13

113. Bower Minimalistic & Agnostic HTML/CSS/JS Friday, September 20, 13

114. Bower Minimalistic & Agnostic HTML/CSS/JS AMD/CommonJS/ES6 modules Friday, September 20,

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115. npm install -g bower Friday, September 20, 13

116. bower.json ------------ { "name": "my-app", "version": "0.0.1", "ignore": [ "build",

     "Gruntfile.js", "package.json", "bower.json" ], "main": ["js/app.js"], "dependencies": { "requirejs": "~2.1.8", // >=2.1.8 < 2.2.0 "jquery": "~2.0" // >=2.0.0 < 2.1.0 }, "devDependencies": { "qunit": "^1.12.0" // >=1.12.0 < 2.0.0 } } index.html bower.json js / -- app.js Friday, September 20, 13

117. bower install Friday, September 20, 13

118. .bowerrc ------------ { "directory”: “js/vendor”, “json”: “bower.json” } index.html bower.json

     .bowerrc js / -- app.js -- vendor/ -- jquery/ -- jquery.js -- requirejs/ -- require.js index.html ------------ <script src=”js/vendor/jquery/jquery.js > </script> Friday, September 20, 13

119. bower install jquery#1.8.2 Git tag Alias from registry Friday, September

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120. bower install jquery --save Friday, September 20, 13

121. bower install git://github.com/jquery/jquery.git#1.8.3 bower install ../my-package Git endpoint + Git

     tag Local package bower install https://github.com/jquery/jquery.git Git endpoint Friday, September 20, 13

122. bower list my-package ├── jquery#2.0.3 └── requirejs#2.1.8 Friday, September 20,

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123. bower list my-package ├── jquery#1.8.2 incompatible with ~2.0.0 (2.0.3 available)

     └── requirejs#2.1.8 my-package ├── jquery#2.0.3 └── requirejs#2.1.8 Friday, September 20, 13

124. bower update jquery bower uninstall jquery bower info jquery Friday,

     September 20, 13

125. bower register <package> <git_endpoint> Friday, September 20, 13

126. Friday, September 20, 13

127. file1.js ----------- require([‘module2’], function(){ // <use> <module2>; }); Dependency management

     Friday, September 20, 13

128. file1.js ----------- var module2 = require(‘module2’); // use module2 Dependency

     management Friday, September 20, 13

129. source_file ----------- <import> <module2>; // <use> <module2>; $ bower install

     jquery Package management Friday, September 20, 13

130. source_file ----------- <import> <module2>; // <use> <module2>; $ npm install

     jquery Package management Friday, September 20, 13

131. http://requirejs.com http://bower.io/ @sebarmeli https://github.com/amdjs/amdjs-api/wiki/AMD https://npmjs.org/ WebExpo 2013, Prague (Czech Republic)

     Friday, September 20, 13