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Midas: A Declarative Multi-Touch Interaction Framework

Midas: A Declarative Multi-Touch Interaction Framework

Presentation given at TEI 2011, 5th International Conference on Tangible, Embedded and Embodied Interaction, Madeira, Portugal.

ABSTRACT: Over the past few years, multi-touch user interfaces emerged from research prototypes into mass market products. This evolution has been mainly driven by innovative devices such as Apple’s iPhone or Microsoft’s Surface tabletop computer. Unfortunately, there seems to be a lack of software engineering abstractions in existing multi-touch development frameworks. Many multi-touch applications are based on hardcoded procedural low level event processing. This leads to proprietary solutions with a lack of gesture extensibility and cross-application reusability. We present Midas, a declarative model for the definition and detection of multi-touch gestures where gestures are expressed via logical rules over a set of input facts. We highlight how our rule-based language approach leads to improvements in gesture extensibility and reusability. Last but not least, we introduce JMidas, an instantiation of Midas for the Java programming language and describe how JMidas has been applied to implement a number of innovative multi-touch gestures.

Research paper: https://beatsigner.com/publications/midas-a-declarative-multi-touch-interaction-framework.pdf

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January 24, 2011
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  1. A
    Declarative
    Multi-Touch
    Interaction
    Framework
    CHRISTOPHE SCHOLLIERS
    LODE HOSTE
    BEAT SIGNER
    WOLFGANG DE MEUTER
    VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT BRUSSEL
    #MidasFW
    MIDAS

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  2. MULTI-TOUCH IS EVERYWHERE!

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  3. HARDWARE CAPABILITIES VS
    GESTURE RECOGNITION SOFTWARE
    Flick
    Drag
    Rotate
    Pinch Stretch

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  4. WHAT’S THE FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEM?
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  5.  Sequential code for the
    processing of concurrent events
     Find spatial and temporal
    relations in an immense pool
    of x/y coordinates
    ▪ ~25 events / second / finger
     Approximative detection
     GUI-Event correlation
     Modularisation and composition
    ▪ implementing gestures is hard
    ▪ combining gestures is even harder
    WHAT’S THE FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEM?

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  6. THE MIDAS APPROACH
    SELECT * FROM Audience
    WHERE interest > 0
    Facts
    Fact Base Rules

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  7. Midas
    Application Layer
    Core Layer
    Infrastructure Layer
    GUI
    Hardware
    Bridge
    * Translator
    Fact
    Base
    Inference
    Engine
    Rule
    Base
    Shadows Model
    MIDAS ARCHITECTURE
     Infrastructure layer
    ▪ Transform low level
    data into facts
     Core layer
    ▪ temporal and spatial
    operators
    ▪ continuous queries via
    Rete algorithm
     Application layer
    ▪ regular program
    augmented with rules

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  8. MIDAS USES
    (defrule PrintCursor
    ?c <- (Cursor)
    =>
    (printout t ‘‘A cursor is moving at: ’’ ?c.x ‘‘,’’ ?c.y))

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  9. MIDAS FILTERS
    +
    (defrule Tap
    ?appear <- (Cursor (finger ?f) (state ?*APPEAR*))
    ?disappear <- (Cursor (finger ?f) (state ?*DISAPPEAR*))
    (test (tShortlyAfter ?disappear ?appear))
    =>
    (printout t “A single tap detected at: “ ?appear.x “,” ?appear.y))
    only a few lines of declarative code

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  10. MIDAS FINDS
    +
    (defrule Tap
    ?appear <- (Cursor (finger ?f) (state ?*APPEAR*))
    ?disappear <- (Cursor (finger ?f) (state ?*DISAPPEAR*))
    (test (tShortlyAfter ?disappear ?appear))
    (test (sVeryNear ?disappear ?appear))
    =>
    (printout t “A single tap detected at: “ ?appear.x “,” ?appear.y)
    (assert (Tap (x ?appear.x) (y ?appear.y) (on ?appear.on))
    (retract ?appear ?disappear))

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  11. MIDAS ENCOURAGES
    (defrule DoubleTap
    ?tap1 <- (Tap)
    ?tap2 <- (Tap)
    (test (tShortlyAfter ?tap2 ?tap1))
    (test (sVeryNear ?tap2 ?tap1))
    =>
    (printout t “A double tap detected at: “ ?tap1.x“,” ?tap2.y)
    (retract ?tap1 ?tap2))
    small and reusable building blocks

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  12. MIDAS ENCOURAGES
    (defrule FixedUpUp
    ?fixed <- (Fixed)
    ?up1 <- (Up)
    ?up2 <- (Up)
    (test (tEqual3 ?fixed ?up1 ?up2))
    (test (sLeftOf ?fixed ?up1))
    (test (sLeftOf ?up1 ?up2))
    =>
    (printout t “Complex scroll detected!”)
    (retract ?fixed ?up1 ?up2))

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  13. update 0 0,565000 0,335417
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    update 1 0,390000 0,543750
    MIDAS CORRELATES
    (defrule Gui
    ?tap<- (Tap)
    ?planet <- (Planet)
    (test (sInside ?tap ?planet))
    =>
    (printout t “Tap inside planet!”))
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    Fact Base
    Shadows
    (GUI elements)

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  14. MIDAS SUPPORTS
    (defrule nextSlide
    ?goRight1 <- (FlickRight (tuioId ?*RH*))
    ?goLeft <- (FlickLeft (tuioId ?*LH*))
    ?goRight2 <- (FlickRight (tuioId ?*RH*))
    (test (tMeets ?goRight1 ?goLeft ?goRight2))
    =>
    (call PowerPoint showNextSlide)
    (retract ?goRight1 ?goLeft ?goRight2))
    Implemented online gestures
    Templates
    Kinect example

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  15. CONCLUSION
     Midas multi-touch interaction framework
    ▪ Declarative description of gestures (fact base and rule engine)
    ▪ extensibility and reusability of gestures
    ▪ correlation of GUI elements and events via shadow facts
    ▪ JMidas Java integration
     Ongoing work
    ▪ integration of new devices: Kinect, Digital Pen & Paper, ...
    ▪ extend Midas to support multimodal gestures
     Rapid prototyping of multi-touch gestures
    Research: http://goo.gl/OFpej - Youtube: http://goo.gl/MNDkT - Twitter: #MidasFW
    Midas Demo, Tuesday @ 15.00-18.30 -- ID: 251

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