Magic Development with Aspects (AppDevCon 2017)

Transcript

1. Magic development
   with Aspects
   Initiation to Aspect Oriented Programming
   App Dev Con 2017 - Amsterdam
   

   View Slide

2. About...
   Xavier F. Gouchet
   Android Architect
   Jenkins/Sonar Admin
   Bash / Python tools dev
   Bad Puns Advocate
   @xgouchet on Github,
   StackOverflow, Twitter, …
   

   View Slide

3. Goal for the afternoon
   What’s AOP
   The theory, and
   motivation
   How does it work
   A bit of technical
   details on byte code
   and compilation
   Concrete examples
   The part where you
   do the work and I
   relax… or not.
   @xgouchet
   

   View Slide

4. “
   “Let's start at the very beginning
   (A very good place to start)”
   Julie Andrews
   @xgouchet
   

   View Slide

5. It’s NOT ...
   ◎ A new programming language
   ◎ Something to replace OOP
   ◎ The solution to all your problems !
   @xgouchet
   

   View Slide

6. It is a tool to ...
   ◎ Enhance modularity
   ◎ Separate cross cutting concerns
   ◎ Focus on business logic
   ◎ Reduce noise in the source code
   @xgouchet
   

   View Slide

7. Cross-cutting
   concerns ?
   Any concern
   that is not business logic
   and appears everywhere
   @xgouchet
   

   View Slide

8. Cross-cutting concerns
   Logging
   Performances
   Security
   Transactions
   Validation
   Serialisation
   Cache
   Notification
   Multithreading Memoization
   @xgouchet
   

   View Slide

9. “
   “Let me tell you a story
   (to chill the bones)”
   Iron Maiden
   @xgouchet
   

   View Slide

10. void foo() {
    Log.v("Tag", "foo");
    beginTransaction();
    try {
    bar();
    // ...
    setTransactionSuccessful();
    } catch (Exception e) {
    reportError(e);
    } finally {
    endTransaction();
    }
    Log.v("Tag", "foo done");
    }
    Before / After
    

    View Slide

11. void foo() {
    Log.v("Tag", "foo");
    beginTransaction();
    try {
    bar();
    // ...
    setTransactionSuccessful();
    } catch (Exception e) {
    reportError(e);
    } finally {
    endTransaction();
    }
    Log.v("Tag", "foo done");
    }
    Before / After
    

    View Slide

12. void foo() {
    Log.v("Tag", "foo");
    beginTransaction();
    try {
    bar();
    // ...
    setTransactionSuccessful();
    } catch (Exception e) {
    reportError(e);
    } finally {
    endTransaction();
    }
    Log.v("Tag", "foo done");
    }
    Before / After
    

    View Slide

13. void foo() {
    Log.v("Tag", "foo");
    beginTransaction();
    try {
    bar();
    // ...
    setTransactionSuccessful();
    } catch (Exception e) {
    reportError(e);
    } finally {
    endTransaction();
    }
    Log.v("Tag", "foo done");
    }
    Before / After
    

    View Slide

14. void foo() {
    Log.v("Tag", "foo");
    beginTransaction();
    try {
    bar();
    // ...
    setTransactionSuccessful();
    } catch (Exception e) {
    reportError(e);
    } finally {
    endTransaction();
    }
    Log.v("Tag", "foo done");
    }
    Before / After
    

    View Slide

15. void foo() {
    Log.v("Tag", "foo");
    beginTransaction();
    try {
    bar();
    // ...
    setTransactionSuccessful();
    } catch (Exception e) {
    reportError(e);
    } finally {
    endTransaction();
    }
    Log.v("Tag", "foo done");
    }
    Before / After
    

    View Slide

16. @Trace
    @SafeTransaction
    void foo() {
    bar();
    // ...
    }
    Before / After
    

    View Slide

17. “
    “I've been browsing…
    (... inspectin’)”
    Weird Al Yankovic
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

18. input[type=text] {
    font-family: monospace;
    }
    blockquote:before {
    content: '\201C';
    font-size: 300%;
    font-family: serif;
    }
    #nav-home p {
    color: #FF4630;
    cursor: pointer;
    }
    .contact img:hover {
    border: 1px #004080;
    }
    CSS + HTML
    

    View Slide

19. CSS
    Attributes
    Changes in
    appearance
    applied to …
    Elements
    Nodes in the
    source code ,
    defined by …
    Selectors
    Rules and patterns
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

20. “
    “If you know how to use CSS,
    Then you know how to use AOP”
    …me
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

21. Pointcuts
    Rules and patterns
    JoinPoints
    Positions in the
    source code ,
    defined by …
    Advices
    Changes in
    behavior
    applied to …
    Aspects
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

22. Advice
    New behavior
    (=code)
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

23. JoinPoint
    Almost every selectable step
    in bytecode execution
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

24. Pointcuts
    Description of a (list of)
    joinpoints where an advice
    should be applied
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

25. “
    “You can knit a sweater
    by the fireside”
    The Beatles
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

26. Bytecode
    weaving
    AspectJ
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

27. Code Weaving
    class Foo
    {…}
    class Bar
    {…}
    class Baz
    {…}
    class Bal
    {…}
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

28. “
    “It's time to get our hands dirty”
    Natalie Grant
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

29. github.com/xgouchet/magic-appdevcon
    

    View Slide

30. Logging
    The “Hello World” of AOP
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

31. public Foo();
    Signature: ()V
    Code:
    Stack=1, Locals=1, Args_size=1
    0: aload_0
    1: invokespecial #1; //Method java/lang/Object."":()V
    4: return
    LineNumberTable:
    line 1: 0
    public java.lang.String getBar();
    Signature: ()Ljava/lang/String;
    Code:
    Stack=1, Locals=1, Args_size=1
    0: aload_0
    1: getfield #2; //Field bar:Ljava/lang/String;
    4: areturn
    LineNumberTable:
    line 5: 0
    public void setBar(java.lang.String);
    Signature: (Ljava/lang/String;)V
    Code:
    Stack=2, Locals=2, Args_size=2
    0: aload_0
    1: aload_1
    2: putfield #2; //Field bar:Ljava/lang/String;
    5: return
    LineNumberTable:
    line 8: 0
    line 9: 5
    }
    JD-GUI : http://jd.benow.ca/
    But what’s going on really ?
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

32. Monitoring
    Let’s measure things…
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

33. Retry
    Because sh*t happens
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

34. Threads
    Because #PerfMatters
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

35. Compile Checks
    Too many rules to remember
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

36. Aspects Order
    Finer control of all your
    aspects
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

37. Memoization
    Because computing is hard
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

38. Object Pool
    Hack your constructors
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

39. It’s just the beginning of the journey
    - Many other
    pointcuts
    - Inter-type
    declarations
    - Change class
    hierarchy
    - Add fields
    - Patch jar files
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

40. “
    “It’s a kind of magic”
    Queen
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

41. Wizardry or Witchcraft
    @Aspect
    public class PreventNPEAspect {
    @Pointcut("within(com.example.model.*)")
    public void withinModelClass() {}
    @Around("withinModelClass() && execution(* *(..))")
    public void advice(ProceeJoinPoint jp) {
    Object[] args = jp.getArgs();
    for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
    if (args[i] == null) {
    args[i] = "";
    }
    }
    jp.proceed(args);
    }
    }
    

    View Slide

42. Wizardry or Witchcraft
    @Aspect
    public class PreventNPEAspect {
    @Around("execution(@PreventStringNPE * *(..))")
    public void advice(ProceeJoinPoint jp) {
    Object[] args = jp.getArgs();
    for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
    if (args[i] == null) {
    args[i] = "";
    }
    }
    jp.proceed(args);
    }
    }
    

    View Slide

43. “
    “I wanna find some answers
    I wanna ask for some help ”
    Bruce Springsteen
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

44. FAQ
    ◎ What about stack traces ?
    Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException
    at com.sample.aspectMyAspect.myAdvice(MyAspect.java:666)
    at com.app.model.Foo.bar(Foo.java:69)
    at com.app.model.Foo.(Foo.java:42)
    at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Native Method) <9 more>
    ◎ What about breakpoints ?
    Stepping through your code is ok
    ◎ What about proguard ?
    Obfuscation performed after weaving
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

45. “
    “Forever in debt
    to your priceless advice”
    Nirvana
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

46. Bad practices and code smells
    ◎ Pokemon (gotta catch’em all)
    ◎ Wizard of Oz (pay no attention to the man behind the curtain)
    ◎ Dr Octopus (my left tentacle doesn’t know what my right is doin’)
    ◎ Inception (aspects within aspects …)
    ◎ MacGyver (the swiss army knife
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

47. Things to remember
    ◎ Focus on Cross Cutting concerns
    ◎ If you can do it more easily with OOP
    don’t use AOP
    ◎ You can only weave code you own
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

48. Writing Aspects…
    ◎ Inheritance, abstracts, generics,
    inner classes…
    ◎ Unit tests
    ◎ Android flavors
    ◎ AOP is real programming
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

49. “
    “There’s somethin’ we can use,
    so don't say no”
    Toni Basil
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

50. Useful links
    ◎ Android AspectJ plugin
    ○ https://github.com/deezer/Android-Aspectj-Plugin
    ◎ Counsel
    ○ https://github.com/deezer/Counsel
    ◎ AspectJ Documentation
    ○ https://eclipse.org/aspectj/doc/next/progguide/
    ◎ Java Bytecode Viewer : JD-GUI
    ○ http://jd.benow.ca/
    @xgouchet
    

    View Slide

51. https://speakerdeck.com/xgouchet
    Thanks for listening!
    Any question ?
    Deezer’s hiring
    http://jobs.deezer.com
    

    View Slide