良いデバッグログはプロジェクトの資産である

http://eventdots.jp/event/591027

(2016-07-30追記：Rails 5.0からproductionでもDEBUGがデフォルトらしいです)
(2020-09-23追記：https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/39707 INFOに戻りそう)

Transcript

1. ྑ͍σόοάϩά͸ϓϩδΣΫτͷࢿ࢈Ͱ͋Δ
   Fluentd Meetup in Matsue (2016-07-30)
   yhara (Yutaka Hara)
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2. ΞδΣϯμ
   1. ͳͥϩά͕ॏཁ͔
   2. ͳͥϩά͕ࢿ࢈ͳͷ͔
   3. Loggerͷ࢖͍ํ
   4. ϩάͷೖΕํ
   5. ϩάΛಡΈ΍͘͢͢Δ޻෉
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3. ࣗݾ঺հ
   • @yhara (twi,er, github)
   • ࣎լݝ→দߐ (2008ʙ)
   • (ג)ωοτϫʔΫԠ༻௨৴ݚڀॴ
   • Rubyͷ·ͭ΋ͱ͞Μͷ͍Δձࣾ
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4. NaClඇެࣜϒϩά
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5. Fluentd Meetup in Matsue (2016-07-30) 5
   

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6. ϘϧμϦϯά΍ͬͯ
   ·͢
   ʮদߐนͷ΅ΓʯͰݕࡧ
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7. ͻͱͪ͘ʹϩάͱ͍ͬͯ΋͍Ζ͍Ζ
   ͋Γ·͕͢ࠓ೔͸͜͏͍͏ϩάͷ࿩
   require 'logger'
   LOGGER = Logger.new("log.txt")
   LOGGER.info("ىಈ͠·ͨ͠")
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8. ྑ͍ίʔυ
   ྑ͍ςετ
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9. ྑ͍ϩάʁ
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10. ྑ͘ͳ͍ϩά
    ʹಡΊͳ͍ϩά
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11. ϩάΛਓ͕ؒಡΉͱ͍͏લఏ͕ڞ༗͞Εͯͳ͍…ʁ
    !
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12. ʘ!஌Βͳ͍ͷ͔…
    LoggerʹൿΊΒΕͨྗΛ…ʗ
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13. 1. ͳͥϩά͕ॏཁͳͷ͔
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14. σόοάϩάͬͯɺσόοάͷͱ͖
    ʹೖΕΔ΍ͭͰ͠ΐʁ
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15. σόοάϩάͬͯɺσόοάͷͱ͖
    ʹೖΕΔ΍ͭͰ͠ΐʁ
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16. όά͕ग़͔ͯΒσόοάϩάΛ
    ೖΕ͍ͯͨͷͰ͸஗͍
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17. ਖ਼͍͠σόοάखॱ
    1. όάΛൃݟ͢Δ
    2. ϩάΛݟΔ
    3. ݪҼ͕Θ͔Δ
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18. ʘΘ͔Δʗ
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19. ڀۃͷϩά͕ೖΕΒΕͨϓϩδΣΫτʹ͓͍ͯ͸ɺσόοάʹ͔͔Δ࣌ؒ͸ݶ
    Γͳ͘୹͘ͳΓ·͢ɻ͜ͷঢ়ଶΛ໨ඪͱ͠·͢
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20. 2. ͳͥϩά͸ࢿ࢈ͳͷ͔
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21. ྑ͍ϩάͱ͸
    • σόοάΛॿ͚Δ΋ͷ
    • ͦͷͨΊʹ͸ʁ
    • ʮԿ͕ى͔ͬͨ͜ʯ͕෼͔Γ΍͍͢ͷ͕େࣄ
    • σόοάϩά͸ਓ͕ؒಡΉ΋ͷͳͷͰɺಡΈ΍
    ͕͢͞ॏཁ
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22. ࠷ॳ͔Β׬ᘳͳϩά͸ॻ͚ͳ͍
    • ͲͷΑ͏ͳϩά͕໾ཱ͔ͭ͸ɺσόοάΛ΍ͬͯ
    Έͳ͍ͱ෼͔Βͳ͍
    • ਪᏏ͕ඞཁ
    • ϓϩδΣΫτͷϑΣʔζʹΑͬͯɺʮద੾ͳϩ
    άʯ͸มԽ͢Δ
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23. ྫ
    ϓϩδΣΫτॳظ
    def some_task
    LOGGER.info("ॲཧAΛ։࢝͠·͢")
    do_A
    LOGGER.info("ॲཧA͕ऴྃ͠·ͨ͠")
    end
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24. ྫ
    ϓϩδΣΫτޙظ
    def some_task
    do_A
    LOGGER.info("ॲཧAΛߦ͍·ͨ͠")
    end
    • ॲཧAͰΤϥʔ͕΄ͱΜͲى͖ͳ͘ͳΕ͹ɺϩά
    ͸ʮߦ͍·ͨ͠ʯ͚ͩͰे෼
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25. େࣄͳ͜ͱ͸
    • ʮྑ͍ϩάΛॻ͜͏ʯͱࢥ͏͜ͱ
    • ໨ࢦ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ͱ͜Ζʹ͸ͨͲΓண͚ͳ͍
    • ಡΈ΍͍͢ϩάʹͳΔΑ͏ɺదٓϝϯςφϯε͠
    Α͏
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26. 3. Loggerͷ࢖͍ํ
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27. ϩΨʔΛಋೖ͠Α͏
    require 'logger'
    LOGGER = Logger.new(STDOUT)
    LOGGER.info("ىಈ͠·ͨ͠")
    ↓࣮ߦ݁Ռ
    I, [2016-07-27T21:50:08.054189 #50431] INFO -- : ىಈ͠·ͨ͠
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28. puts͡ΌͩΊͳͷʁ
    puts "ىಈ͠·ͨ͠"
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29. LoggerΛ࢖ͬͨํ͕͍͍ཧ༝(1)
    • ࣌ࠁ͕ग़Δ(ϩάͱϩάͷʮִؒʯ͕෼͔ΔͷͰศ
    ར)
    • ·ͱΊͯΦϯɾΦϑͰ͖Δ
    • Logger.new(nil) #=> ग़ྗ͞Εͳ͍
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30. LoggerΛ࢖ͬͨํ͕͍͍ཧ༝(2)
    • ग़ྗΛ·ͱΊͯ੔ܗͰ͖Δ(forma(er)
    σϑΥϧτ
    I, [2016-07-27T21:50:08.054189 #50431] INFO -- : ىಈ͠·ͨ͠
    ྫ̍
    2016-07-27 21:50:08 +0900 [INFO] ىಈ͠·ͨ͠
    ྫ̎
    {"time":"2016-07-27 21:50:08 +0900","level":"INFO","msg":"ىಈ͠·ͨ͠"}
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31. LoggerΛ࢖ͬͨํ͕͍͍ཧ༝(3)
    • ϑΝΠϧʹग़͢͜ͱ΋Ͱ͖Δ
    • Logger.new("log.txt")
    • (Rubyͷ৔߹)ϩάϩʔςʔτ΋Ͱ͖Δͧ
    (shi+_age, shi+_size)
    • ϩάϨϕϧΛ੾Γସ͑ΒΕΔ
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32. ϩάϨϕϧ
    • DEBUG/INFO/WARN/ERROR/FATAL
    • ݴޠɾϥΠϒϥϦʹΑͬͯ͸ҧ͏͜ͱ΋͋Δ
    • ҎԼͷΑ͏ʹ͢ΔͱɺINFOҎ্ͷϩά͚ͩग़ΔΑ
    ͏ʹͳΔ
    • Railsͷ৔߹ɺproduc;on͸INFOҎ্
    LOGGER = Logger.new(STDOUT)
    LOGGER.level = Logger::INFO
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33. 4. ϩάͷೖΕํ
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34. Ͳͷϩά͔ΒೖΕΔ͔ʁ
    • FATAL
    • ERROR
    • WARN
    • INFO
    • DEBUG
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35. Ͳͷϩά͔ΒೖΕΔ͔ʁ
    • FATAL
    • ERROR
    • WARN
    • INFO
    • DEBUG
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36. INFOϩάΛೖΕΔ
    • ࣮گͷΑ͏ʹॻ͘
    • ʮαʔόʹ઀ଓ͠·ͨ͠ʯ
    • ʮϢʔβΛ࡞੒͠·͢ʯ
    • ʮઓಆΛ։࢝͠·͢ʯ
    • σόοάͷى఺ʹͳΔ
    • ʮͲ͜·Ͱਖ਼ৗ͔ͩͬͨʯ͕Θ͔Δ
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37. INFOΛೖΕΔ΂͖৔ॴ
    • ॲཧͷઅ໨
    • ྫ) όονॲཧͳΒɺ1߲໨ਐΉ͝ͱͱ͔
    • "ϑΝΠϧΛૹ৴͠·ͨ͠ [12/30]"
    • ঢ়ଶ͕มΘͬͨͱ͖
    • ྫ) ήʔϜϓϩάϥϜͳΒɺը໘͕ભҠͨ͠ͱ͖
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38. ӕʹͳΒͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δ
    def create_user(name)
    logger.info("Ϣʔβ#{name}Λ࡞੒͠·ͨ͠")
    User.new(name: name).save
    end
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39. ӕʹͳΒͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δ
    def create_user(name)
    logger.info("Ϣʔβ#{name}Λ࡞੒͠·ͨ͠")
    User.new(name: name).save
    end
    • save͕ࣦഊ͢Δͱɺϩάʹʮ࡞੒͠·ͨ͠ʯͱग़
    ͯΔͷʹ࣮ࡍ͸͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍
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40. ӕʹͳΒͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δ
    def create_user(name)
    User.new(name: name).save
    logger.info("Ϣʔβ#{name}Λ࡞੒͠·ͨ͠")
    end
    • saveͷ͋ͱʹϩάΛग़ͤ͹OK
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41. INFOϩάΛೖΕΔϝϦοτ
    • ʮ͜ͷϝιου͸ԿΛ͢Δͷ͔ʯΛݟ௚͢ػձʹͳΔ
    class Player
    # ๆଧͪͰ߈ܸ͢Δ
    def mineuchi
    @message = "҆৺͠Ζɺๆଧͪ͡Ό"
    ...
    if ...
    logger.info("ఢ#{name}Λࡴ͠·ͨ͠")
    ...
    end
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42. DEBUGϩάΛೖΕΔ
    • ม਺ͷ஋ͳͲΛग़ྗ͢Δɺ͕
    • logger.debug("x: #{x}, y: #{y}")
    • શ෦Λίϛοτͯ͠͸͍͚ͳ͍
    • ϩά͕ग़͗͢ΔͱअຐʹͳΔ(ಡΊͳ͘ͳΔ)͔
    Β
    • ࣍΋࢖͍ͦ͏ɺͱ͍͏΋ͷ͚ͩίϛοτ͢Δ
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43. DEBUGϩάΛೖΕΔ
    • ίϛοτ͢Δ΋ͷ͸ɺଞਓ͕ݟͯ΋෼͔ΔΑ͏ʹॻ͘
    • logger.debug("࠲ඪ(#{x}, #{y})Λ୳ࡧ͠·
    ͢")
    • ݁ՌతʹɺINFOϩάͱಉ͡ॻ͖ํʹͳΔ(ʙ͠·
    ͢ɺ͠·ͨ͠)
    • INFOͱDEBUGͷ࢖͍෼͚
    • τϥϒϧγϡʔςΟϯά༻ͷ΋ͷ͸DEBUGɺͱ͔
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44. INFOͱDEBUGͷ࢖͍෼͚ͷྫ
    def connect_server
    ...
    @server = ...
    ...
    logger.info("αʔόʹ઀ଓ͠·ͨ͠(host: #{@host})")
    end
    • "Cannot connect to server" Έ͍ͨͳྫ֎͕ग़ͨͱ͢Δ
    • @host͕ؒҧ͍ͬͯΔʁ
    • @host͸߹ͬͯΔ͕αʔό͕མ͍ͪͯΔʁ
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45. INFOͱDEBUGͷ࢖͍෼͚ͷྫ
    def connect_server
    logger.debug("αʔόʹ઀ଓ͠·͢(host: #{@host})")
    ...
    @server = ...
    ...
    logger.info("αʔόʹ઀ଓ͠·ͨ͠(host: #{@host})")
    end
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46. 5. ϩάΛಡΈ΍͘͢͢Δ
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47. ϩά͕ಡΈ΍͍͢
    ↓
    ঢ়گ͕͙͢೺ѲͰ͖Δ
    ↓
    σόοά͕ḿΔ
    ↓
    !
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48. ޻෉Λ͠Α͏
    ΋ͬͱಡΈ΍͘͢Ͱ͖ͳ͍͔ʁ!Λৗʹߟ͑Δ
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49. ࠨ୺Λἧ͑Δ
    !
    2016-07-30 01:02:03 [foo/foo.swift] ॲཧAΛߦ͍·͢
    2016-07-30 01:02:04 [bar.swift] ॲཧBΛߦ͍·ͨ͠
    !
    2016-07-30 01:02:03 ॲཧAΛߦ͍·͢ [foo/foo.swift]
    2016-07-30 01:02:04 ॲཧBΛߦ͍·ͨ͠ [bar.swift]
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50. ه߸Λ͏·͘࢖͏
    !
    2016-07-30 01:02:03 ຯํ1͕ఢAΛ߈ܸ͠·ͨ͠
    2016-07-30 01:02:04 ఢB͕ຯํ2Λ߈ܸ͠·ͨ͠
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51. ه߸Λ͏·͘࢖͏
    !
    2016-07-30 01:02:03 ຯํ1͕ఢAΛ߈ܸ͠·ͨ͠
    2016-07-30 01:02:04 ఢB͕ຯํ2Λ߈ܸ͠·ͨ͠
    !
    2016-07-30 01:02:03 [ຯํ1 -> ఢA]
    2016-07-30 01:02:04 [ຯํ2 • จষͰͳ͍ͱ͍͚ͳ͍Θ͚͡Όͳ͍
    • ঢ়گ͕͙͢೺ѲͰ͖Δͷ͕ྑ͍ϩά
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52. ద౓ʹ؆ܿʹ
    !
    2016-07-30 01:02:03 ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯAΛىಈ͠·ͨ͠
    !
    2016-07-30 01:02:03 ΞϓϦAΛىಈ͠·ͨ͠
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53. ద౓ʹ؆ܿʹ
    logger.info("Sent files (#{n_records/dt} records/sec)")
    2016-07-30 01:02:03 Sent files (202.37704918032787 records/sec)
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54. ద౓ʹ؆ܿʹ
    • ׂΓࢉͨ͋͠ͱ͸ɺformatΛ࢖ͬͯద౰ͳਫ਼౓ʹ
    ͢Δ
    msg = format("Sent files (%.2f records/sec)", n_records/dt)
    logger.info(msg)
    2016-07-30 01:02:03 Sent files (202.38 records/sec)
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55. ΞʔϚʔυίΞίϐϖ
    ԼҐνʔϜ
    ʮΈΜͳԿ̖̘Ͱ͍͘ʔʁʯ
    ʮൿີ͆ʯ
    ʮ͓ΕύΠϧͩΘɹ·͋ԶύΠϥʔͩ͠ͳ
    ɹ·͋ͳɹ͍΍͍΍͘͢͝Ͷ͑ͬͯʂ͆ʯ
    ʮ࢛٭ʯ
    ʮ͔ͬͯ͜͜ԿϚοϓʁʯ
    ʮΘ͔ΒΜ͆ʯ
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56. ΞʔϚʔυίΞίϐϖ
    தҐνʔϜ
    ʮΑΖ͘͠ʔʯ
    ʮ߭ࢁ͸଴ͬͯΕ͹·ͣෛ͚ͳ͍͔Β·ͬͯΑ͏Ͷʯ
    ʮ͸͍ʯ
    ʮϔϦಛ߈ͱ͔͘Δ͔ͳʁ
    ʮ͏Μɻ̘̚ϩέοτ΋ͬͯ͜͏Ͷʔʯ
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57. ΞʔϚʔυίΞίϐϖ
    ্ҐνʔϜ
    ʮॏΧϥαϫΧϥαϫΠβφϛΠβφϛΞϥΩσΞϥΩσ ʯ
    ʮॏٯότότൣαϒΦοΫεΦοΫελϯΫΞϯνʯ
    ʮதΧϥαϫΧϥαϫΞϚςϥεΦοΫεΦοΫεʯ
    ʮωζϛ̠̚Φʔτ଎ετ଎ετλϯΫݞࢦఆϤϩʯ
    ʮ̛̫̩ʯɹʮ̛̫̩ʯɹʮൣαϒʯ
    ʮ̛̫̩έʔʯ
    ʮέʔʯ
    ʮϨσΟʔʯ
    ʮέʔʯ
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58. ద౓ʹ؆ܿʹ
    • νʔϜϝϯόʔ͕ཧղͰ͖ΔͳΒɺͦͷൣғͰ؆
    ܿʹͯ͠Α͍
    • ྫɿʮrpsʯͰ௨͡ΔͳΒͦΕͰ΋Α͍
    2016-07-30 01:02:03 Sent files (202.37 records/sec)
    ɹ↓
    2016-07-30 01:02:03 Sent files (202.37 rps)
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59. ·ͱΊ
    • ϩά͸ਓ͕ؒಡΉ΋ͷ→ಡΈ΍͕͢͞େࣄ
    • ྑ͍ϩά͕͋Ε͹σόοά͕ḿΔ
    • ϩάΛҭͯͯշదͳσόοάϥΠϑΛ!
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60. 6. ͦΕҎ֎ͷϩάʹ͍ͭͯ
    (༨ஊɺ༧උεϥΠυ)
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61. FATAL/ERROR/WARN
    • FATAL: ϓϩάϥϜ͕ଓ͚ΒΕͳ͍Α͏ͳக໋తΤϥʔ
    • ͍͍ͩͨERRORͰ୅༻͕ͪ͠
    • fluentdͰ΋࢖ͬͯͳ͍ͬΆ͍
    • ERROR: Τϥʔ
    • WARN: ܯࠂ
    • ΤϥʔͰ͸ͳ͍͕ؾʹͨ͠΄͏͕ྑ͍΋ͷ
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62. ERRORͳͷ͔INFOͳͷ͔໰୊
    def find_user(name)
    if (user = @database.find(name))
    return user
    else
    logger.error("Ϣʔβ#{name}͕ݟ͔ͭΓ·ͤΜͰͨ͠")
    return nil
    end
    end
    • ʮERRORϩά͕ग़ͯͳ͍͔ຖ೔֬ೝ͢ΔʯΈ͍ͨͳӡ
    ༻ͳΒɺINFO΍DEBUG͕ద੾͔΋͠Εͳ͍
    • ͦͷ΁Μ͸͋͘·ͰϓϩδΣΫτ࣍ୈ
    Fluentd Meetup in Matsue (2016-07-30) 62
    

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63. ྫ֎Λه࿥͢Δ
    • ERRORϩάͷ୅දྫ
    • ҎԼ͸ςϯϓϨ
    begin
    MyProgram.new.main
    rescue Exception => ex
    LOGGER.error("#{ex.class}: #{ex.message}")
    ex.backtrace.each do |line|
    LOGGER.error(line)
    end
    raise ex
    end
    Fluentd Meetup in Matsue (2016-07-30) 63
    

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64. ྫ֎Λه࿥͢Δ
    • Ұݟ؆͕ܿͩ…ʁ
    begin
    MyProgram.new.main
    rescue Exception => ex
    LOGGER.error("#{ex.class}: #{ex.message} "+
    ex.backtrace.join('\n'))
    raise ex
    end
    • ϩάʹվߦ(\n)ΛೖΕΔͱɺ͋ͱ͔ΒϓϩάϥϜͰ
    ղੳ͢Δͷ͕໘౗ͳͷͰ͓͢͢Ί͠ͳ͍
    • ϓϩηε͕ෳ਺͋Δͱߦ͕ࠞͬͯ͟෼͔Βͳ͘ͳͬͨΓͱ͔
    Fluentd Meetup in Matsue (2016-07-30) 64
    

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65. DEBUGΑΓࡉ͔͍ϩά
    • TRACE
    • fluentd(ͱ͍͏͔serverengine)ʹΑΔಠ֦ࣗு
    • VERBOSE
    • CocoaLumberjackͱ͍͏iOS༻ͷϥΠϒϥϦ
    • ͋Δͱศརͳ͜ͱ΋
    Fluentd Meetup in Matsue (2016-07-30) 65
    

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