Superficial flexor muscles of the forearm

This presentation describes Superficial flexor muscles of the forearm

Transcript

1. Forearm Is divided into: ➢Anterior (Flexor) compartment. ➢Posterior (Extensor) compartment. By: Radius & ulna. Interosseous membrane. Ulnar aponeurosis.
2. Ulnar aponeurosis Interosseous membrane Shaft of ulna Shaft of radius
3. Muscles of the Anterior Compartment of Forearm
4. Muscles of the Front of the Forearm (8 muscles-Superficial & Deep) ➢2 pronator (teres & quadratus). ➢2 flexor digitorum (superficialis & profundus). ➢2 flexor carpi (radialis & ulnaris). ➢1 flexor pollicis longus. ➢1 Palmaris longus.
5. Arrangement of Muscles of the front of Forearm Superficial Group A- Superficial layer: 1) Pronator teres. 2) Flexor carpi radialis. 3) Palmaris longus. 4) Flexor carpi ulnaris. B- Deep layer: 1) Flexor digitorum superficialis. Deep Group A- Superficial layer: 1) Flexor pollicis longus. 2) Flexor digitorum profundus. B- Deep layer: 1) Pronator quadratus
6. Revision of Skeleton of Forearm & Hand With Related Joints
7. Humerus Radius Ulna Elbow joint Wrist joint
8. Medial supracondylar ridge (pronator teres) Front of medial epicondyle (Common flexor origin) Medial margin of coronoid process (Flexor digitorum superficialis & pronator teres) Common flexor origin Elbow joint Superior radio-ulnar joint
9. Anterior oblique line of radius Coronoid process Olecranon process Superior radio-ulnar joint Anterior surface of shaft of radius Anterior surface of ulna Interosseous membrane
10. Tubercle of scaphoid Crest of trapezium Groove of trapezium Pisiform bone Hook of hamate metacarpal bones Flexor retinaculum Phalanges
11. Joints of the Hand
12. Wrist joint Carpo-metacarpal joint of thumb Metacarpo-phalangeal joint of thumb Interphalangeal joint of thumb Proximal interphalangeal joints Distal interphalangeal joint
13. (A) Superficial Flexor Muscles of Forearm
14. Common rules of superficial flexors ➢Muscles are named after their action. ➢All muscles arises partially or totally from common flexor origin (front of medial epicondyle). ➢All muscles have 2 heads except flexor carpi radialis and palmaris longus. ➢Each 2 headed muscle has a nerve that passes between 2 heads and supplies the muscle. Nerve supply: ➢Median nerve except flexor carpi ulnaris is supplied by ulnar nerve. Common action: ➢All are week flexors of elbow. ➢All are flexors of wrist except pronator teres.
15. Orientation of Muscle Arrangement
16. Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficialis Flexor retinaculum Palmar aponeurosis Superficial flexor muscles Med. Lat. Medial epicondyle
17. Relations of 8 flexor tendons to flexor retinaculum: ➢Tendons of flexor digitorum (superficialis & profundus) and flexor pollicis longus pass deep to it. ➢Tendon of palmaris longus passes superficial to it. ➢Tendon of flexor carpi radialis passes through a special compartment in the lateral attachment of the retinaculum. ➢Tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris on its medial margin. ➢Tendons of 2 pronator muscles have no relations.
18. 1-Pronator Teres Muscle
19. Superficial (humeral) head Deep (ulnar) head Insertion of pronator teres Median nerve Attachments and nerve supply of pronator teres m. From lower part of medial supracondylar ridge and front of medial epicondyle (CFO) From medial margin of coronoid process To pronator tuberosity at middle of lateral surface of radius (at maximum convexity of the shaft of radius). Ulnar artery
20. Nerve supply: Median nerve. Action: -Pronation of forearm. -Weak flexion of elbow joint.
21. Pronator teres Supination Pronation
22. 2-Flexor Carpi Radialis
23. Flexor carpi radialis Common flexor origin Insertion to front of bases of 2nd & 3rd metacarpal bones
24. Trapezium Flexor retinaculum Special compartment for tendon of flexor carpi radialis Med. Lat. tendon of flexor carpi radialis
25. Groove of trapezium Insertion of tendon of flexor carpi radialis
26. Nerve supply: Median nerve. Action: -Flexion and abduction of hand at wrist joint. -Weak flexion of elbow.
27. 3-Palmaris Longus Muscle
28. Palmaris longus Palmar aponeurosis Common flexor origin
29. Nerve supply: -Median nerve. Action: -Weak flexion of wrist and elbow. -It makes the palmar aponeurosis more tense to protect underlying vessels and nerves.
30. 4-Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Muscle
31. Humeral head (from CFO) Ulnar head (medial side of olecranon process) Flexor carpi ulnaris m. Pisiform bone Ulnar nerve
32. Tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris Pisiform bone Piso-hammate lig. Piso-metacarpal lig.
33. Nerve supply: -Ulnar nerve. Action: -Flexes and adducts the hand at wrist. -Weak flexion of elbow.
34. 5-Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Muscle
35. Radial head of flexor digitorum superficialis Humero-ulnar head of flexor digitorum superficialis Origin of flexor digitorum superficialis Anterior oblique line
36. Humero-ulnar head Radial head Tendinous arch Flexor retinaculum Insertion of flexor digitorum superficialis Flexor digitorum superficialis Attachments of flexor digitorum superficialis
37. Flexor retinaculum Tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis
38. Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus Tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
39. Common synovial sheath (Ulnar bursa) Flexor retinaculum Synovial sheath
40. Nerve supply: Median nerve. Action: -Flexion of medial 4 fingers at proximal inter- phalangeal joints and metacarpo-phalangeal joints. -Flexion of wrist. -Weak flexion of elbow.
41. Dr. Sherif Fahmy