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A New Tool to Support Mungbean Growers and Advisers in the Fight Against Powdery Mildew

A New Tool to Support Mungbean Growers and Advisers in the Fight Against Powdery Mildew

Powdery mildew, caused by the fungus Podosphaera xanthii, commonly occurs across Australian mungbean (Vigna radiata) production areas, and is more common in mungbean fields which are planted near the end of season (January – February). Crop losses from the disease are effectively managed using fungicides. Currently two fungicides, Folicur® and Veritas®, are labeled for use in mungbean to control powdery mildew. Trials conducted over several years in Queensland have shown that up to 39% (or 0.65 t/Ha) of yield can be saved due to fungicide applications. For optimum control of the disease a single fungicide application should be made at first sign of powdery mildew, with a second application two weeks later. In order to assist advisers and growers identify the critical timeframe to make management decisions for this high-value crop, a new decision support system (DSS) app has been developed and tested in southern Queensland. The app is designed to be used in the paddock on tablets. To use the app, users provide basic information on the crop, disease progression, anticipated yields, input costs and forecasted weather conditions. A summary table, and graphs, are returned describing the cost-benefit of spraying, the expected impact of the disease on yield and a probable range for the net yield return for both management with fungicide and without. The app should not only inform users when fungicide should be used, but also when a spray will not result in yield saving. This approach will help manage the pathogen population to avoid the development fungicide resistance due to unnecessary fungicide applications. The new app will be publicly available as a mobile application for Android and iOS for users to install after testing is completed.

Adam H. Sparks

July 10, 2019
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  1. CRICOS QLD 00244B | NSW 02225M TEQSA: PRV12081
    A New Tool to Support Mungbean
    Growers and Advisers in the Fight
    Against Powdery Mildew
    A/Prof Adam H. Sparks, Dr Art Diggle, Ms Jean
    Galloway, Ms Lisa Kelly, Dr Paul Melloy, Mr Duncan Weir

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  2. DAW00228 - National pathogen management
    modelling and delivery of decision support
    DAW1810 - Disease epidemiology and
    management tools for Australian grain growers

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  3. PowderyMildewMBM
    • Tablet App for in-paddock use

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  4. Mungbean Powdery
    Mildew

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  5. Fungus, Podosphaera xanthii, (inoculum not limited)
    Weather is a key predictor
    Risk -> Fungicide use or planning

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  6. 40%
    Yield

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  8. Powdery mildew
    management

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  9. Source: AMA

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  10. PER82104 Permit Version 4 Page 1 of 3
    PERMIT TO ALLOW MINOR USE OF AN AGVET CHEMICAL PRODUCT
    FOR THE CONTROL OF POWDERY MILDEW IN ADZUKI BEANS, MUNG BEANS
    AND NAVY BEANS.
    PERMIT NUMBER – PER82104
    This permit is issued to the Permit Holder in response to an application granted by the APVMA
    under section 112 of the Agvet Codes of the jurisdictions set out below. This permit allows a
    person, as stipulated below, to use the product in the manner specified in this permit in the
    designated jurisdictions. This permit also allows any person to claim that the product can be
    used in the manner specified in this permit.
    THIS PERMIT IS IN FORCE FROM 01 NOVEMBER 2016 TO 30 NOVEMBER 2022.
    Permit Holder:
    PULSE AUSTRALIA LIMITED
    30 Coronga Street
    KILLARA NSW 2071.
    Persons who can use the product under this permit:
    Persons generally.
    PER13979 Permit Version 3 Page 1 of 3
    PERMIT TO ALLOW MINOR USE
    OF A REGISTERED AGVET CHEMICAL PRODUCT
    FOR THE CONTROL OF POWDERY MILDEW IN MUNG BEANS
    PERMIT NUMBER - PER13979
    This permit is issued to the Permit Holder in response to an application granted by the APVMA
    under section 112 of the Agvet Codes of the jurisdictions set out below. This permit allows a
    person, as stipulated below, to use the product in the manner specified in this permit in the
    designated jurisdictions. This permit also allows any person to claim that the product can be
    used in the manner specified in this permit.
    THIS PERMIT IS IN FORCE FROM 3 FEBRUARY 2014 TO 30 JUNE 2020.
    Permit Holder:
    PULSE AUSTRALIA LIMITED
    Level 10 Farrer House
    24-28 Collins St
    MELBOURNE VIC 3000
    Persons who can use the product under this permit:
    Persons generally.
    Custodia Folicur

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  14. Decision Support
    Systems

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  15. Decision Support Systems
    A long history
    “Dutch Rules” van Everdingen (1926) based
    upon presence of dew at night, night-time
    temperature, mean cloudiness, and rainfall.
    Late blight within the fortnight.
    Mladen Cucak, University of Maynooth

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  16. https://www.rimpro.eu/
    Apple Black Spot
    Venturia inaequalis

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  17. Crop Disease Management
    • Sufficiently large amounts to prevent food
    shortage
    • Free of diseases
    • Customer demand
    • Quarantines
    • Shipping and storage
    • Free of residues
    • Limit environmental harm
    • Profitable for grower but affordable for
    consumer
    The Dilemma

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  18. Why a DSS?
    What does it offer?
    • Alternative to calendar spray
    programs
    • Enhance timing of fungicide sprays
    to disease development
    • Economic benefits (spray reduction)
    • Environmental benefits (spray
    reduction)
    • Resistance management strategy

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  19. Not the first DSS
    for Australia
    grains!
    Howard F. Schwartz, Colorado State University, Bugwood.org

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  22. We're here to talk
    about mungbeans!

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  23. We recommend two applications
    • First application at first sign of disease
    • Second application two weeks later
    • But what if you're not sure?
    Fungicides

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  24. PowderyMildewMBM

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  25. Experimental Locations
    Hermitage Research Station - Warwick, Qld
    • -28.21503, 152.10033 (approximate GPS
    coordinates)
    • Altitude: 472.9 m
    • BOM Station ID: 041525

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  26. Treatment
    No.
    Treatment
    1 Spray at first sign
    2 Spray at first sign and 14 days
    later
    3 Spray when in mid-canopy
    4 Control (Nil Spray)
    Two trials with same design
    Trial Design
    • Planting dates
    • 4/2/2019
    • 18/2/2019
    • Four treatments (each)
    • Six Replicates (each)

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  27. Treatment Application
    First Sign - 05/04/2019
    • Both TOS 1 and TOS 2 were sprayed
    in treatments 2 and 3
    • Treatment 2: Single spray
    • First sign
    • Treatment 3: Two sprays
    • First at first sign of powdery
    mildew
    • Second spray 14 days later

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  28. Weather

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  30. Using
    PowderyMildewMBM

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  31. • Crop Circumstances
    • Target yield
    • Grain price
    • Cost of production
    • Conditions
    • Crop growth stage
    • Disease observed?
    • Forecast rainy days next week
    • Average maximum temperature next week
    • Optimal efficacy
    • Spray cost

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  32. Region
    Water
    availability
    Yield quality
    Potential yield
    (t/ha)
    Grain price
    (AUD/t)
    Southern
    Downs
    Irrigated No.1 process 2.0 1100
    Southern
    Downs
    Irrigated No.2 process 0.0 800
    Southern
    Downs
    Irrigated gradings 0.3 200
    2 tonnes per hectare
    Reference: Mungbean trials reports from Hermitage 2011 – 2016: 1.6 (t/ha) – 2.31 (t/ha)
    Agmargins estimates 2.3 tonne per hectare: 2 tonne (No1 grade) + 0.3 tonne (gradings)
    Potential Yield

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  33. Date
    Min
    tmp
    Max
    tmp
    Lower
    precip
    limit
    Upper
    precip
    limit Précis
    Prob. of
    precip
    04-12 - 23 - - Partly
    cloudy.
    20 %
    04-13 13 26 - - Mostly
    sunny.
    5 %
    04-14 12 26 - - Partly
    cloudy.
    10 %
    04-15 12 26 0 0.4 Partly
    cloudy.
    30 %
    04-16 12 25 - - Partly
    cloudy.
    20 %
    04-17 13 26 0 0.4 Partly
    cloudy.
    30 %

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  34. Target Yield
    2t/ha based on previous trials at Hermitage
    Grain Price
    $1100 AUD per tonne No.1 processing
    $900 AUD per tonne No.2 processing
    $200 AUD per tonne gradings
    https://agmargins.net.au/
    Mungbean Irrigated Cost of Production
    $644/ha (Irrigated, 2018, Southern Downs)
    https://agmargins.net.au/
    Crop Circumstances

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  35. One Spray

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  36. One Spray

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  37. Two Sprays

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  38. Two Sprays

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  39. Results

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  42. Time of sowing 1 produced an average 587 kg/ha
    Time of sowing 2 produced an average 289 kg/ha

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  43. Conclusion

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  44. PowderyMildewMBM
    It worked!

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  45. PowderyMildewMBM
    Available later this year
    or early 2020

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  46. GRDC Projects
    ○DAW00228, DAW1810, DAQ00186
    ●Paul Melloy (USQ)
    ●Lisa Kelly (DAFQ)
    ●Duncan Weir (DAFQ)
    ●Sue Thompson (ex-USQ)
    ●Jo White (ex-USQ)
    ●Mal Ryley (ex-USQ)
    Acknowledgements

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  47. ●Rod O’Connor (DAFQ)
    ●John Lehane (DAFQ)
    ●Maurie Conway (DAFQ)
    ●Darren Aisthorpe (DAFQ)
    ●Max Quinlivan (DAFQ)
    ●Katy Carroll (DAFQ)
    ●Peter Agius (DAFQ)
    ●Art Diggle (DPIRD)
    ●Jean Galloway (DPIRD)

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  48. Find out more:
    CRICOS QLD 00244B | NSW 02225M TEQSA: PRV12081
    (7) 4631 1948 https://adamhsparks.netlify.com/
    adamhsparks
    Questions?

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