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Perlコーディングテクニック2018
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akiym
March 03, 2018
Programming
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Perlコーディングテクニック2018
YAPC::Okinawa 2018 ONNASON
akiym
March 03, 2018
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Transcript
1FSM؝٦ر؍ؚٝ ذؙصحؙ BLJZN :"1$0LJOBXB0//"40/
BLJZN
1FSMחꟼְׅז鑧 ׃תׅ
剑鵚ך1FSM歲
剑鵚ֲֿ׃גְהְֲ鑧 耀ְֹ
剑鵚ךٌآُ٦ٕ סִַ
VTFTUSJDU
VTFTUSJDU VTFXBSOJOHT VTFVUG
VTFW VTFXBSOJOHT VTFVUG use strict; use feature ':5.26';
VTFTUSJDUVSFT use strict; use warnings FATAL => 'all'; use warnings
NONFATAL => qw( exec recursion internal malloc newline experimental deprecated portable ); no warnings 'once';
VTFTUSJDUVSFT use strict; use warnings FATAL => 'all'; use warnings
NONFATAL => qw( exec recursion internal malloc newline experimental deprecated portable ); no warnings 'once'; {a => 1, 2} Odd number of elements in anonymous hash
ؙٓأؽٕت
sub new { my ($class, %args) = @_; croak("required: z")
unless exists $args{z}; return bless \%args, $class; } sub z { $_[0]->{z} } CMFTT
Ⰻ鿇䩛דװ崢
use Moose; extends 'Point'; has 'z' => (isa => 'Int',
is => 'rw', required => 1); after 'clear' => sub { my $self = shift; $self->z(0); }; .PPTF.PVTF.PP
堣腉搀꼽ח⢪ֲֶה׃ג 醱꧟חזָ
use Class::Tiny qw(x y z); sub BUILD { my ($self,
$args) = @_; croak("required: z") unless exists $args->{z}; } $MBTT5JOZ
㼭ׁזך 穈さׇג⢪ֲ
use Class::Accessor::Lite ( ro => [qw/x y z/], ); sub
new { my ($class, %args) = @_; croak("required: z") unless exists $args{z}; return bless \%args, $class; } CMFTT $MBTT"DDFTTPS-JUF
鵚➿涸 FYQPSU遭
use Exporter 'import'; our @EXPORT = qw/foo bar baz/; Foo.pm
test.pl use Foo; foo();
倜׃ְꟼ侧ך鷄⸇䖓ח !&91035ח鷄⸇ׅך 䘌ָ
.PEVMF'VODUJPOT use Module::Functions qw/get_public_functions/; use Exporter 'import'; our @EXPORT =
get_public_functions; use JSON qw/decode_json/; sub bar { ... } sub _foo { ... } 㢩鿇ַFYQPSU׃ꟼ侧כ搀鋔 @ַ㨣תꟼ侧כ搀鋔
*NQPSUFS use Importer Importer => 'import'; use Importer 'List::Util' =>
( any => {-as => 'list_util_any'}, ); VTF&YQPSUFSJNQPSUךַ ⴽせדJNQPSUדֹ
ٌآُ٦ٕ ٗ٦ت٦
⹛涸חٌآُ٦ٕ铣鴥 ❌ eval qq{require "Plugin/$name.pm"}
6/*7&34"-SFRVJSF 'Foo::Bar'->require;דֹ ְְַֽֿ*/$״ٗ٦س幥ַⴻ㹀
.PEVMF-PBE ؝،ٌآُ٦ٕ ءٝفٕ׃暴ח⢪ג㉏겗זְ
$MBTT-PBE USZ@MPBE@DMBTT ׅדחٗ٦س幥ַⴻ倖ׅJT@DMBTT@MPBEFE
.PEVMF3VOUJNF $MBTT-PBEⰻ鿇ד⢪גְ ٌآُ٦ٕٗ٦ت٦ך㹀殢
require_module($name); use_package_optimistically($name); compose_module_name('Foo', $name); ٌآُ٦ٕⰻדؒٓ٦ָ涪欰׃הֹֽ⢽㢩䫎־ 湫䱸KPJO 'PP OBNF ׃זְ
֮ط٦يأل٦أ⟃♴ך ٌآُ٦ٕׅץגٗ٦سׅ
use Module::Find qw/useall/; useall('Foo::Handler'); .PEVMF'JOE 'PP)BOEMFS⟃♴ח֮ 'PP)BOEMFS"װ'PP)BOEMFS"#ٗ٦س
5ZQF5JOZ ⢪ג㘗⢪ֲ
؝٦سָ竰ֺ駈ׁגְ ذأزךقٕػ
sub create_xxx { my (%args) = @_; if ($args{foo}) {
... } db->insert( x => 100, y => 'abc', %args, ); } ְזךָ床ׇ 剑穄涸חכ湫䱸床׃ג׃תֲ ㄎן⳿׃⩎חׅץג㨻י
UZQPח䓲ְ ⢪ְ倯ָⴓַזְךד ְְ鋅חְֻ
床גֹ䒷侧 ثؑحؙׅ
ֿזהֹחכغٔر٦ة 䗳갭ػًٓ٦ةָ床ׁגְַ 㘗ثؑحؙ
use Params::Validate qw(:all); sub foo { my %args = validate(@_,
{ foo => { type => ARRAYREF }, bar => { isa => 'Bar' }, }); } 1BSBNT7BMJEBUF
use Data::Validator; sub foo { state $rule = Data::Validator->new( foo
=> { isa => 'ArrayRef' }, bar => { isa => 'Bar' }, ); my $args = $rule->validate(@_); } %BUB7BMJEBUPS .PVTFך㘗 غٔر٦ةך㹀纏ךٍؗحءָُ〳腉 「ֽ《ػًٓ٦ةכIBTISFGד乼⡲
use Smart::Args; sub foo { args my $foo => 'ArrayRef',
my $bar => 'Bar', ; } 4NBSU"SHT !@床ׅ䗳銲ָזְ غٔر٦ةך㹀纏ٍؗحءُדֹזְ 「ֽ《ػًٓ٦ةכ㢌侧ד乼⡲
None
!@床ׁ׆חㄎן⳿׃⯋ך!@《 1BE8BMLFS⢪ְծ床׃㢌侧せ《⳿ׅ
use Mouse::Util::TypeConstraints; my $type = find_or_create_isa_type_constraint('Int'); $type->check($x); ⰻ鿇דכ.PVTFך㘗䪔ֲ
5ZQF5JOZ
Any Item Bool Maybe[`a] Undef Defined Value Str Num Int
ClassName RoleName Ref ScalarRef ArrayRef[`a] HashRef[`a] CodeRef RegexpRef GlobRef FileHandle Object ArrayRef[User] Maybe[Str] .PPTF✼䳔
Map[`k, `v] Tuple[...] Dict[...] Optional[`a] InstanceOf[`a] ConsumerOf[`a] HasMethods[`a] Overload[`a] Tied[`a]
StrMatch[`a] Enum[`a] OptList LaxNum StrictNum CycleTuple[`a] MkOpt Split[`a] Join[`a] Dict[a => Int, b => Str] Enum['public', 'private'] .PPTF95ZQFT4USVDUVSFE✼䳔
.PVTFה5ZQF5JOZך麩ְ
use Mouse::Util::TypeConstraints; subtype 'NonEmptyStr', as 'Str', where { length($_) >
0 }; my $type = find_type_constraint('NonEmptyStr'); $type->check('str'); .PVTF ؚٗ٦غٕז㘗㹑鎉
use Type::Standard -types; use Type::Utils -all; subtype 'NonEmptyStr', as Str,
where { length($_) > 0 }; NonEmptyStr->check('str'); 5ZQF5JOZ ך㜥ד㘗ךؔـآؙؑز⡲䧭 㢩鿇ַ⢪ֲ㜥さכFYQPSUׇׁ
4NBSU"SHT5ZQF5JOZ 4NBSU"SHTד5ZQF5JOZך㘗 䪔ִ״ֲח׃ך 4NBSU"SHTה㢌׆⢪ִ
use Types::Standard -types; sub foo { args my $x =>
{isa => 'Int', default => 100}, my $y => {isa => Str, default => 'abc'}, my $bar => 'Bar', my $bar => 'NonEmptyStr', ; } 5ZQF5JOZך㘗⢪ִ 俑㶵ה׃ג床ׇ .PVTF6UJM5ZQF$POTUSBJOUTד㹑鎉׃㘗⢪ִ
use Types::Standard qw/Str/; use Params::ValidationCompiler; sub foo { state $validator
= validation_for( params => { foo => { type => Str }, }, ); my %args = $validator->(@_); } 1BSBNT7BMJEBUJPO$PNQJMFS
倜׃ְ1FSMך 堣腉⢪ֲ
QPTUYEFSFGFSFODF QFSM⟃꣬ד姻䒭堣腉⻉
$$a $a->$* @$a $a->@* $#$a $a->$#* %$a $a->%* &$a $a->&*
*$a $a->**
$$a $a->$* @$a $a->@* $#$a $a->$#* %$a $a->%* &$a $a->&*
*$a $a->**
my $x = {a => [1, 2, 3], b =>
[4]}; 兛鸐ךEFSFGFSFODF @{$x->{a}} $x->{a}->@* QPTUYEFSFGFSFODF
map { $_->id } @{ Foo->bar( ... ) }; map
{ $_->id } Foo->bar( ... )->@*; 兛鸐ךEFSFGFSFODF QPTUYEFSFGFSFODF
use constant A => [1, 2, 3]; !"דכזְ" ד ㄎן⳿׃גֶֻ䗳銲ָ֮
兛鸐ךEFSFGFSFODF @{A()} A->@* QPTUYEFSFGFSFODF @{+A}
QFSM ⟃ד⢪ְְ
QPTUYEFSFGFSFODF㢌䳔 IUUQTHJUIVCDPNBLJZNMFHBDZ@QPTUYEFSFG
11*⢪ג WBS! !WBSח 剅ֹ䳔ִ
➙ּׅQPTUYEFSFGFSFODF ⢪ִ
ֶ
5.5085%* 5IFSFT.PSF5IBO0OF8BZ5P%P*U