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Finding Connections: Musical Collections and Social Networks

Finding Connections: Musical Collections and Social Networks

Exploring how modern informatics and network analysis techniques can inform musicological practise. As presented by Tim Crawford & Ben Fields at The Big Data History of Music study day on 11 March 2015 at the British Library

Ben Fields

March 11, 2015
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  1. Finding Connections:
    Musical Collections and
    Social Networks
    Tim Crawford & Ben Fields
    (Goldsmiths)

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  2. Early Music Online & ECOLM
    EMO (Early Music Online):
    c. 300 music sources printed before 1600
    includes 28 lute sources in tablature (1,087 pieces), each
    of which contain arrangements of vocal music
    3 keyboard tablature books (c. 230 pieces)
    ECOLM (Electronic Corpus of Lute Music):
    c. 3,000 pieces in tablature, encoded in TabCode to
    allow playback, transcription, analysis & searching
    includes 10 lute books from EMO (c. 500 pieces - soon)

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  3. Music ingestion and data correction
    Optical Mensural Music & Tablature Recognition
    -> Encoded music, but needs:
    Correction of (inevitable) OCR errors
    Collation
    Metadata – supplied by BL, but needs:
    Parsing MARC structure into a relational database
    Correction of (inevitable) human errors
    Alignment with encoded music

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  4. Tools for musicologists or librarians
    Web-based, because:
    Needs no special installations
    Just require a modern computer and internet
    Access to databases and other external resources well
    supported
    Graphical interfaces, images, audio, interaction are the norm
    Even music notation is (now) easy to render – as Laurent
    Pugin showed us earlier

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  5. Music ingestion and data correction
    Optical Tablature Recognition in ECOLM (Gamera)
    Encoded music
    Correction of (inevitable) OCR errors
    Collation
    Metadata
    Cleaning up structure
    Correction of (inevitable) human errors
    Alignment with encoded music

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  6. ECOLM Tablature editor

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  7. Music ingestion and data correction
    Optical Tablature Recognition in ECOLM
    Encoded music
    Correction of (inevitable) OCR errors
    Collation of corrections from two experts
    Metadata
    Cleaning up structure
    Correction of (inevitable) human errors
    Alignment with encoded music

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  8. ECOLM Collator

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  9. Music ingestion and data correction
    Optical Music (& Tablature) Recognition
    Encoded music
    Correction of (inevitable) OCR errors
    Collation
    Metadata
    Cleaning up structure
    Correction of (inevitable) human errors
    Alignment with encoded music

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  10. View Slide

  11. What music is contained in this image?
    Where do pieces begin and end on the page?
    Where are the other voice-parts?

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  12. Music ingestion and data correction
    Optical Mensural Music Recognition (Aruspix)!
    Encoded music (MEI)!
    Correction of (inevitable) OCR errors!
    Collation!
    Metadata!
    Cleaning up structure!
    Correction of (inevitable) human errors!
    Alignment with encoded music

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  13. A madrigal for four voices (part-books)

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  14. A madrigal for four voices (score)

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  15. EMO Collator

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  16. ECOLM Search
    Searches within ECOLM
    Metadata
    Content
    External searches
    Audio
    EMO
    (RISM, etc. – one day)

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  17. social-network analytics and music
    Social Network Analytics:
    methods to describe and analyse
    complex networks that concern
    social relationships

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  18. social-network analytics and music
    Music curation and the Web

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  19. Tools I use
    •networkX
    •iGraph
    •graphViz
    •Gephi
    •postgresql

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  20. Common Techniques
    •diameter
    •average degree
    •shortest path problem (common solution:
    Dijkstra’s algorithm)
    •edge betweenness
    •community segmentation

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  21. social-network analytics and music
    Let’s take a look at genius.com

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  22. Lyric for Hypnotize, by
    The Notorious B.I.G. with annotation

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  23. Lyric for Hypnotize, by
    The Notorious B.I.G. with annotation

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  24. Lyric for Hypnotize, by
    The Notorious B.I.G. with annotation score

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  25. Lyric for Hypnotize, by
    The Notorious B.I.G. with annotation score

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  26. The recent annotations of the user
    OldJeezy

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  27. basic contributor graph
    •60,472 users (nodes)
    •1,156,940 edges (one+ common songs)

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  28. arguments
    •full history of each annotation
    •find ‘edit wars’

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  29. most contentious annotations
    1. 2040 | 3599357 | http://genius.com/Eminem-rap-god-lyrics
    2. 1239 | 4086888 | http://genius.com/Kendrick-lamar-i-lyrics
    3. 1224 | 2092508 | http://genius.com/Big-sean-control-lyrics
    4. 1026 | 3680563 | http://genius.com/Big-sean-control-lyrics
    5. 976 | 2371035 | http://genius.com/Eminem-bad-guy-lyrics
    score | anno id | song url

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  30. www.transforming-musicology.org

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