nginx and node.js

Transcript

1. nginx and Node.js
   Kim Schlesinger
   Denver Node.js Meetup - May 2020
   @kimschles
   

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2. nginx can make your production
   Node.js apps faster.
   @kimschles
   

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3. Kim Schlesinger
   @kimschles
   

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4. Agenda
   1. About nginx
   2. Demo setup
   3. nginx as a Reverse Proxy, Web Cache and Load Balancer
   4. Recap
   @kimschles
   

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5. Agenda
   1. About nginx
   @kimschles
   

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6. Server
   Something that sends files to a web browser
   @kimschles
   

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7. @kimschles
   

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8. About nginx
   • pronounced "engine-x"
   • A web server, reverse proxy and load balancer
   • First developed in 2004 by Igor Sysoev
   • Designed to solve the C10K Problem1
   • Written in C
   1 Concurrently handling ten thousand connections
   @kimschles
   

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9. Moar about nginx
   • Open Source nginx and nginx Plus
   • Serves 28.5% active sites on the web2
   • Apache is 2nd with 27.8% websites
   2
   Netcraft April 2020 Web Server Survey
   @kimschles
   

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10. How do I know which webserver is
    serving my content?
    @kimschles
    

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11. Look at the http response headers using
    your browser's dev tools.
    • Open dev tools
    • Go to the network tab
    • Refresh the page
    • Look at response headers
    @kimschles
    

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12. @kimschles
    

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13. Agenda
    1. About nginx
    @kimschles
    

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14. Agenda
    1. About nginx
    2. Demo setup
    @kimschles
    

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15. Demo Setup
    • Digital Ocean Droplet
    • Ubuntu 18.04.3
    • iTerm2 Profiles
    • Dockerized Node.js apps
    • Code at github.com/kimschles/nginx-nodejs
    @kimschles
    

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16. Prerequisite Skills
    • Setting up a remote server
    • Using SSH to connect to the server
    • Building an app with Node.js and Express
    • Containerizing Node.js apps with Docker
    • Deploying apps using Docker
    @kimschles
    

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17. Thoughts on programming vs.
    configuration management
    @kimschles
    

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18. Agenda
    1. About nginx
    2. Demo setup
    3. nginx as a Reverse Proxy
    @kimschles
    

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19. Reverse Proxy
    A reverse proxy takes requests from the Internet and
    forwards them to servers in an internal network.3
    3
    MDN: Proxy Server
    @kimschles
    

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20. Reverse Proxy Demo!
    @kimschles
    

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21. The simplest possible
    configuration
    server {
    location / {
    proxy_pass http://:8080/;
    }
    }
    @kimschles
    

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22. One with a little more info
    server {
    location / {
    proxy_pass http://:8080/;
    proxy_http_version 1.1;
    proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
    proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
    }
    }
    @kimschles
    

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23. How to setup a Reverse Proxy
    • Download nginx
    • Find and edit the configuration file
    • /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
    • Reload nginx with service nginx reload
    • Check to see if nginx is the server
    @kimschles
    

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24. Agenda
    1. About nginx
    2. Demo setup
    3. nginx as a Reverse Proxy
    @kimschles
    

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25. Agenda
    1. About nginx
    2. Demo setup
    3. nginx as a Web Cache
    @kimschles
    

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26. Serve static content
    @kimschles
    

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27. index.html
    
    
    
    
    
    Hey!
    
    
    Hello Denver Node.js Meetup!
    alt="A husky puppy in the woods running toward the camera">
    Isn't this a cute puppy?
    
    
    @kimschles
    

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28. Serve Static HTML files
    server {
    location ~ \.(html)$ {
    root /var/www/staticfiles;
    expires 30d;
    }
    location / {
    proxy_pass http://:3000;
    }
    }
    @kimschles
    

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29. Agenda
    1. About nginx
    2. Demo setup
    3. nginx as a Web Cache
    @kimschles
    

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30. Agenda
    1. About nginx
    2. Demo setup
    3. nginx as a Load Balancer
    @kimschles
    

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31. Load Balancer
    @kimschles
    

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32. High Availability
    (lots of replicas)
    @kimschles
    

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33. Round Robin Load Balancer
    upstream nodeapps {
    server :3000;
    server :8080;
    }
    server {
    location / {
    proxy_pass http://nodeapps;
    }
    }
    @kimschles
    

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34. Least Connections Load Balancer
    upstream nodeapps {
    least_conn;
    server :3000;
    server :8080;
    }
    server {
    location / {
    proxy_pass http://nodeapps;
    }
    }
    @kimschles
    

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35. IP Hash Load Balancer
    upstream nodeapps {
    ip_hash;
    server :3000;
    server :8080;
    }
    server {
    location / {
    proxy_pass http://nodeapps;
    }
    }
    @kimschles
    

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36. Recap
    @kimschles
    

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37. nginx can make your production
    Node.js apps faster.
    @kimschles
    

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38. nginx.conf
    @kimschles
    

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39. Reverse Proxy
    @kimschles
    

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40. Web Cache
    @kimschles
    

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41. Load Balancer
    @kimschles
    

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42. There's more!
    @kimschles
    

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43. Resources
    • Full Example Configuration
    • 5 Performance Tips for Node.js Applications
    @kimschles
    

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44. kimschlesinger.com
    @kimschles
    @kimschles
    

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