Upgrade to Pro
— share decks privately, control downloads, hide ads and more …
Speaker Deck
Features
Speaker Deck
PRO
Sign in
Sign up for free
Search
Search
Tuning Linux for Databases
Search
Alexey Lesovsky
October 15, 2016
Education
0
43
Tuning Linux for Databases
Slides from my talk at HDConf 2016 Minsk, Belarus
Alexey Lesovsky
October 15, 2016
Tweet
Share
More Decks by Alexey Lesovsky
See All by Alexey Lesovsky
PostgreSQL Scaling Usecases
lesovsky
0
84
Patroni failure stories, or How to crash yout PostgreSQL cluster
lesovsky
0
390
PostgreSQL High Availability in 2019
lesovsky
0
260
Top developer's mistakes when working with PostgreSQL
lesovsky
1
120
Let's Pull the Plug On the Autovacuum (EN)
lesovsky
0
1.2k
Troubleshooting PostgreSQL for Developers (RU)
lesovsky
2
340
Troubleshooting PostgreSQL Streaming Replication
lesovsky
0
860
Call of Postgres: Advanced Operations. Part I.
lesovsky
0
53
Call of Postgres: Advanced Operations. Part II.
lesovsky
0
59
Other Decks in Education
See All in Education
Ch2_-_Partie_2.pdf
bernhardsvt
0
110
横浜国立大学大学院 国際社会科学府 経営学専攻博士課程前期(社会人専修コース)_在校生体験談
miki_small_pin
0
690
小・中・高等学校における情報教育の体系的な学習を目指したカリキュラムモデル案/curriculum model
codeforeveryone
2
2.3k
construindo uma carreira com opensource
caarlos0
0
240
Kindleストアで本を探すことの善悪 #Izumo Developers' Guild 第1回 LT大会
totodo713
0
130
Blogit opetuksessa
matleenalaakso
0
1.6k
Semantic Web and Web 3.0 - Lecture 9 - Web Technologies (1019888BNR)
signer
PRO
1
2.5k
Qualtricsで相互作用実験する「SMARTRIQS」実践編
kscscr
0
290
ルクソールとツタンカーメン
masakamayama
1
840
東工大 traP Kaggle班 機械学習講習会 2024
abap34
2
320
LLMs for Social Simulation: Progress, Opportunities and Challenges
wingnus
1
100
Ch2_-_Partie_3.pdf
bernhardsvt
0
100
Featured
See All Featured
I Don’t Have Time: Getting Over the Fear to Launch Your Podcast
jcasabona
28
2k
Mobile First: as difficult as doing things right
swwweet
222
8.9k
Fantastic passwords and where to find them - at NoRuKo
philnash
50
2.9k
Fontdeck: Realign not Redesign
paulrobertlloyd
82
5.2k
Large-scale JavaScript Application Architecture
addyosmani
510
110k
The Power of CSS Pseudo Elements
geoffreycrofte
73
5.3k
How STYLIGHT went responsive
nonsquared
95
5.2k
The Illustrated Children's Guide to Kubernetes
chrisshort
48
48k
Learning to Love Humans: Emotional Interface Design
aarron
273
40k
Principles of Awesome APIs and How to Build Them.
keavy
126
17k
Into the Great Unknown - MozCon
thekraken
32
1.5k
CSS Pre-Processors: Stylus, Less & Sass
bermonpainter
356
29k
Transcript
None
About PostgreSQL DBA. Linux system administrator. PostgreSQL-Consulting.com: • 24/7 support.
• Audit, performance optimizations. • Consulting and Training. • Monitoring and Emergency. • Capacity planning. Slides: https://goo.gl/awmZ2H
Agenda RDBMS on Linux, why? Databases and Resources. OS subsystems.
CPU, Process scheduling, Power saving policies. Memory, VM, NUMA, Huge pages. Storage, File Systems, Input/Output. Other misc.
Why Linux? Linux is a good choice: • Active development
& Community support. • A lot of features & Fast implementation. • Stable & Mature & Durable.
Databases & Resources Concurrency Query speed Sort, group, hash,... OS
page cache DB buffer pool Local process cache DB data files Transaction Log Cold start CPU Memory Storage
Databases & Resources CPU Scheduling NUMA Power Saving Virtual Memory
NUMA Huge Pages File Systems Storage I/O CPU Memory Storage
Resources CPU scheduler. Virtual memory and NUMA. Huge pages. File
systems. Storage IO. Power saving policy. Others.
CPU scheduling CPU scheduler responsible for proper processes planning: Sysctl:
• kernel.sched_migration_cost_ns = 5000000 (default: 500000). • kernel.sched_autogroup_enabled = 0 (default: 1). http://www.postgresql.org/message-id/
[email protected]
http://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_38#head-59575a6aeafa38490226a560ee02de89829a5b20
CPU scheduling CPU scheduler responsible for proper processes planning: Sysctl:
• kernel.sched_migration_cost_ns = 5000000 (default: 500000). • kernel.sched_autogroup_enabled = 0 (default: 1). http://www.postgresql.org/message-id/
[email protected]
http://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_38#head-59575a6aeafa38490226a560ee02de89829a5b20 Be aware on Ubuntu: 12.04 #1055222 and 14.04 #1422016. Use noautogroup kernel param instead of sysctl.conf.
Virtual Memory What is it? Allocator, Caching, Dirty pages and
Writeback.
Virtual Memory
Virtual Memory Sysctl: vm.dirty_background_ratio & vm.dirty_ratio = disable it. vm.dirty_background_bytes
& vm.dirty_bytes = depends on ... RAID cache size, 64MB/128MB otherwise
Virtual Memory Out-of-memory & OOM-Killer Sysctl: vm.swappiness = 1 (default:
60)
NUMA S — Socket C — CPU core M —
Memory bank
NUMA BIOS: enable memory node interleaving. Kernel boot: numa=off. numactl
utility. Sysctl: • vm.zone_reclaim_mode = 0 (default: 0). • kernel.numa_balancing = 0 (default: 0).
Huge Pages Huge pages vs. Transparent huge pages. Huge pages
are supported by many RDBMS. Always disable transparent huge pages.
Huge Pages Huge pages vs. Transparent huge pages. Huge pages
are supported by many RDBMS. Always disable transparent huge pages. /etc/rc.local: • echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled • echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
Filesystems Ext3 vs Ext4 vs XFS: what is better? Filesystem
Barriers.
Filesystems Ext3 vs Ext4 vs XFS: what is better? Filesystem
Barriers. Disable Write Cache: • hdparm -W0 /dev/device • MegaCli64 -LDSetProp -DisDskCache -Lall -aALL
Filesystems Ext3 vs Ext4 vs XFS: what is better? Filesystem
Barriers. Disable Write Cache: • hdparm -W0 /dev/device • MegaCli64 -LDSetProp -DisDskCache -Lall -aALL Hardware RAID + BBU = barrier=0 (disable). Software RAID = barrier=1 (enable).
Filesystems Ext3 vs Ext4 vs XFS: what is better? Filesystem
Barriers. Disable Write Cache: • hdparm -W0 /dev/device • MegaCli64 -LDSetProp -DisDskCache -Lall -aALL Hardware RAID + BBU = barrier=0 (disable). Software RAID = barrier=1 (enable). Enterprise SSD with Power Loss Protection = barrier=0 (disable).
Storage IO SATA/SAS vs SSD. IO elevators.
Storage IO SATA/SAS vs SSD. IO elevators: • noop: SSD,
PCIe SSD, hi-end storages. • deadline: RAID, SATA/SAS. • cfq: good default. • none (multi-queue block IO): SSD, PCIe SSD.
Storage IO SATA/SAS vs SSD. IO elevators: • noop: SSD,
PCIe SSD, hi-end storages. • deadline: RAID, SATA/SAS. • cfq: good default. • none (multi-queue block IO): SSD, PCIe SSD. # echo 'elevator_name' > /sys/block/<device>/queue/scheduler kernel boot: elevator=<name> /sys/block/*/queue/: rotational, rq_affinity, read_ahead_kb
Power Saving Policy Drivers: acpi_cpufreq vs. intel_pstate. scaling_governor.
Power Saving Policy Drivers: acpi_cpufreq vs. intel_pstate. scaling_governor: • /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors
• /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/cpufreq/scaling_governor
Power Saving Policy Drivers: acpi_cpufreq vs. intel_pstate. scaling_governor: • /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors
• /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/cpufreq/scaling_governor acpi_cpufreq + performance. intel_pstate + powersave.
Misc: Clocksources What is clocksource? acpi_pm vs. hpet vs. tsc.
/sys/devices/system/clocksource/clocksource0/available_clocksource. /sys/devices/system/clocksource/clocksource0/current_clocksource.
Summary Linux is a good choice for RDBMS: Modern, Universal,
Flexible, Stable. Adapt Linux for your workloads. Test → Change → Test → Commit/Rollback.
Questions? Alexey Lesovsky
[email protected]
PostgreSQL-Consulting.com: Data maintenance at its best
https://postgresql-consulting.com