“Instrumental Variables and the Search for Identification: From Supply and Demand to Natural Experiments” Journal of Economic Perspective https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1257/jep.15.4.69 操作変数法の最近(当時)の発展についてサーベイ(結構古い) この発表の操作変数法の例はこの論⽂で紹介されていたもの • Imbens (forthcoming) “Potential Outcome and Directed Acyclic Graph Approaches to Causality: Relevance for Empirical Practice in Economics” Journal of Economic Literature https://arxiv.org/pdf/1907.07271.pdf 操作変数法のDAGっぽい表現はこの論⽂のFig3を参照した