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Durian Conference 2017 - Capture the Flag Secret Recipes: Organizer and Players

Nafiez
April 08, 2017

Durian Conference 2017 - Capture the Flag Secret Recipes: Organizer and Players

A presentation in Durian Security Conference 2017 held in Malaysia with the content of Capture the Flag 101.

Nafiez

April 08, 2017
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  1. Capture the Flag Secret
    Recipes - Organizer and
    Players
    Zeifan, Yeh & j00dan

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  2. Disclaimer
    It is our own opinion. No harm :)

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  3. Introduction
    nafiez - Fuzzing & Memory Corruption fans
    Yeh - Reverser & binary developer
    j00dan
    - $dayjob - #threathunting #threatintel #DFIR
    - HITB CTF Overlord 3.0 & Scoreboard developer

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  4. Hacking is
    Art of Problem Solving

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  5. Capture the Flag
    ● Competition in information security
    ● Gain technical knowledge and experience in information security
    ● Understanding of how is the real world attack like
    ○ Defenders know how to defence when they understand how to attack
    ● Knowledge sharing platform
    ● Cyber drill isn’t the only way to gain technical knowledge in information security
    ● Where you can begin your information security journey

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  6. continue
    ● Art of problem solving too!
    ● Desire to learn - everything is custom
    ● Of course meet new friend (chances to get a new job too)
    ● Sleepless (if the game 2 days)
    ● Legal!
    ● Your organization need more good people - find talent

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  9. Weekly Event

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  10. World Team Rating

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  11. Organizer Perspective

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  12. Make sure it is free registration!

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  13. Less sleep!

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  15. Game Design
    ● Plan properly
    ● Be creative e.g. implement real world like Nuclear, Scada
    ● Easy to understand
    ● Logging capability
    ● Complete control of the game
    ● You know what you’re doing :)

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  16. Scoring
    ● Always test the scoring system with real game play scenarios
    ● Ensure the scoring system is fair to every team
    ● Never implement very complicated scoring system
    ● Flag only can be submitted ONCE
    ● Randomize flag rotation

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  17. Scoreserver
    ● Game logic and scoring mechanism
    ● 99% Bulletproof
    ● Scoreboard graphic projected nicely

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  18. Network
    ● Fully NATed
    ● Hide your f*cking scoreserver IP address
    ● Control the security of network, including ARP spoofing, limiting the bandwidth
    ● Restrict player’s access to your (organizer) network
    ● Deploy network monitoring tool
    ● If Jeopardy style, it will be more easier :)

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  19. Jeopardy: Challenges
    ● Around 5 different categories of challenges
    ○ Web
    ○ Binary
    ○ Network
    ○ Cryptography
    ○ Forensics
    ● Numbers of difficulty for each category
    ● In a sequence of “Easy to Super Hard” or reverse way
    ● Ensure the score is map to the difficulty of the challenge and total amount of
    time that require to solve the challenge
    ● Bonus Challenges as well :)

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  20. Attack & Defense: Daemons / Services
    ● Non-blocking socket to prevent DoS
    ● Runs in low privilege and separate user with different daemons
    ● Ensure all daemons are exploitable
    ● Ensure the daemons can be solved within game time

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  21. Ideas
    ● Exploitation Technique
    ○ 12 bits of randomization - ASLR issue in Ubuntu (4096 max tries) - old issues since Ubuntu
    12.04
    ○ Injecting payload into 12 bytes of buffer is almost impossible
    ● Backdooring the OS
    ○ Installed backdoor as part of the legitimate services
    ○ We have deployed backdoor 2 years in row
    ● SCTP Protocol
    ○ We used SCTP protocol to send flag over the wire. No one noticed the flag is in the air \0/
    ● We fuzzed our own binary / services before it gets out to production
    ○ We will fixed any issue that found during fuzzing on the spot :)

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  22. If in doubt, asked players to provide
    solution :)

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  23. Players Perspective

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  24. Jeopardy
    1. Solve as fast, as much as you can
    2. Make sure you love puzzles and
    maths!
    3. King of the hill \0/
    Attack & Defense
    1. Make sure you control your box /
    server
    2. Jailed your system
    3. Make sure none of the services are
    running as root
    4. Your programming skills in terms of
    offensive and defensive

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  25. How do I start CTF journey?
    ● You still need a basic if you don’t!

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  26. Continue...
    ● Thousands of write up out there to learn from
    ● Learn from seniors
    ● Don’t be shy
    ● CTF is almost every week!
    ○ They even have calendar for it at CTFtime.org

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  27. What to prepare?
    ● You always need to be ready!
    ● Team work or you can play alone xD
    ○ Each team member shall has different skills
    ● If you’re on site, make sure to bring your power gang, switch, own internet
    access, food, and drink (Recommended to bring Red Bull)
    ● Backup everything before someone pwn you
    ● Make sure you have your own wiki
    ○ Store everything whatever you have done in the CTF
    ● Bring your 0-day! Sometimes you need it :)

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  28. Be clever
    ● To target the high profile team
    ● To capture others exploit
    ● To win some $$$
    ● Some challenges are almost the same like the other CTF too
    ● For some reason, you will always need “Galactus”

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  29. Things you need to aware with
    ● Some team play CTF just for $$$
    ● “Things that you haven’t see before!”
    ● “Seems like a complex mathematics”
    ● “It looks simple but tedious”
    ● Complex code e.g. obfuscation, etc.
    ● “This doesn’t seem exploitable”
    ● “It’s damn freaking complicated”
    ● “That team can solve it much faster”

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  30. You should avoid
    ● Scanning entire network in the game - LAME
    ● Launch DDoS attack
    ● Attacking scoreserver
    ● Watch WWE wrestling
    ● Texting your girlfriend LOL

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  31. Strategy

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  33. Thank you!

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  34. We have many stuff haven’t covered yet!
    Looking forward :)

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  35. Things that we have done
    ● wargames.my 2011
    ○ Malaysia first online Capture the Flag competition
    ○ This is where we got recruited :)
    ● HITB KUL CTF 2011
    ○ Jeopardy style
    ● HITB KUL CTF Competition 2012
    ○ CTF Weapons of Mass Destruction – Fallout Apocalypse
    ○ 32 Hours non stop competition
    ○ CTF Crew 1.0 + CTF Crew 2.0 + CTF Crew 3.0 organized together
    ● HITB KUL CTF Competition 2013
    ○ CTF WMD: War of the World
    ● HITB KUL CTF Competition 2014
    ○ CTF: Age of Extinction
    ● HITB GSEC 2016
    ○ Jeopardy style, collaboration with Facebook Security Team (to introduced their CTF platform)

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