Egyptian Art in Context(s)

Egyp%an Art in Context(s) Reading: Annabel Wharton,
“Appropria%ng Pasts: Cairo,” pp. 41-‐54. Range: c. 3000 BCE-‐2000 BCE Early Dynas0c, Old Kingdom, New Kingdom Terms/Concepts: Canon of Propor%ons, Ka, PaleIe, Mastaba, Step Pyramid, Pyramid, Serdab, Sed-‐Fes%val, Uniﬁca%on of Upper and Lower Egypt, nemes, scribe, Monument List:   PaleIe of King Narmer, Early Dynas%c Egyp%an, 3000-‐2920 BCE.   Imhotep, Stepped Pyramid and Mortuary Precinct of Djoser, Saqqara, Egypt. c.2630-‐2575 BCE.   Great Pyramids at Gizeh, Old Kingdom Egyp%an, c. 2551-‐2528.   Khafre Enthroned, Old Kingdom Egyp%an, c. 2520-‐2494.

Chronology

Egypt: Chronology •  Predynas%c Period 5000-‐2920
BCE •  Early Dynas%c Period (I-‐III) 2920-‐2611 BCE •  Old Kingdom (IV-‐VIII) 2575-‐2465 BCE •  First Intermediate Period (IX-‐XI) 2134-‐2040 BCE •  Middle Kingdom (XI-‐XIV) 2040-‐1640 BCE •  Second Intermediate Period (XV-‐XVII) 1640-‐1532 BCE •  New Kingdom (XVIII-‐XX) 1550-‐1070 BCE •  Third Intermediate Period (XXI-‐XXV) 1070-‐712 BCE •  Late Period (XXV-‐XXXI) 712-‐332 BCE •  Greco/Roman Egypt 332 BCE-‐359 CE

In the beginning… Ptah

Geb and Nut

Osiris, Isis, Seth, Nephthys

Osiris Horus Isis

PaleIe of Narmer, Hierakonpolis, Egypt, Early Dynas%c, 2950 BCE

3-‐1 and 3-‐2, PaleIe of Narmer, Hierakonpolis, Egypt,
Early Dynas%c, 2950 BCE

3-‐1 and 3-‐2, PaleIe of Narmer, Hierakonpolis, Egypt, Early Dynas%c,
2950 BCE

Horus Papyrus = Lower Egypt 3-‐1 and 3-‐2,

3-‐1 and 3-‐2, PaleIe of Narmer, Hierakonpolis, Egypt, Early
Dynas%c, 2950 BCE

Upper Egypt Lower Egypt PaleIe of Narmer, Early
Dynas%c, 2950 BCE Stele of Naram Sin, Akkadian, 2254-‐2218 BCE

Mastaba (General Plan), Early Dynas%c Egypt-‐Old Kingdom, 3000-‐2100 BCE

Imhotep. Stepped Pyramid and Mortuary Precinct of Djoser. Saqqara, Egypt.
c.2630-2575 BCE.

Imhotep, Plan, Stepped Pyramid of Djoser. Saqqara, Egypt. c.2630-2575 BCE.

Imhotep. Serdab, Stepped Pyramid and mortuary precinct of Djoser. Saqqara,
Egypt. c. 2630-2575 BCE.

Statue of Djoser. Saqqara. Early Dynastic. c. 2630-2575 BCE. Ka
= Soul, or Life Force

Imhotep. Stepped Pyramid and Mortuary Precinct of Djoser. Saqqara, Egypt.
c.2630-2575 BCE.

Imhotep. Faux Temples, Mortuary Precinct of Djoser. Saqqara, Egypt. c.2630-2575
BCE.

Pyramids of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure, at Giza, Old
Kingdom, 2575-‐2450 BCE

Grave Goods, Pyramid of Khufu, Giza, Egypt, Old Kingdom,
2551-‐2528 BCE.

Grave Goods, Pyramid of Khufu, Giza, Egypt, Old Kingdom,
2551-‐2528 BCE. People, boats, and animals, as seen in a copy of a pain%ng from Tomb 100, Hierakonpolis, Predynas%c Period, c.3500-‐3200 BCE.

Khafre Enthroned, Old Kingdom, 2520-‐2465 BCE

Khafre Enthroned, Old Kingdom, 2520-‐2465 BCE.

PaleIe of Narmer   Khafre Enthroned

Khafre Enthroned, Old Kingdom, 2520-‐2465 BCE

Papyrus Blue Lotus Uniﬁca%on of Upper and Lower
Egypt Khafre Enthroned, Old Kingdom, 2520-‐2465 BCE

Ti Supervising a Hippopotamus Hunt, from the Tomb
of Ti, Saqqara, Old Kingdom, 2450-‐2325 BCE

Ti Supervising a Hippopotamus Hunt, from the Tomb of Ti,
Saqqara, Old Kingdom, 2450-‐2325 BCE

Servants Making Bread and Beer, from the Tomb of Ti,
Saqqara, Old Kingdom, 2450-‐2325 BCE

Petriﬁed loaves of bread from Egyp%an tombs.

What edible bread probably looked like.

Egypt: Chronology •  Predynas%c Period 5000-‐2920
BCE •  Early Dynas%c Period (I-‐III) 2920-‐2611 BCE •  Old Kingdom (IV-‐VIII) 2575-‐2465 BCE •  First Intermediate Period (IX-‐XI) 2134-‐2040 BCE •  Middle Kingdom (XI-‐XIV) 2040-‐1640 BCE •  Second Intermediate Period (XV-‐XVII) 1640-‐1532 BCE •  New Kingdom (XVIII-‐XX) 1550-‐1070 BCE •  Third Intermediate Period (XXI-‐XXV) 1070-‐712 BCE •  Late Period (XXV-‐XXXI) 712-‐332 BCE •  Greco/Roman Egypt 332 BCE-‐359 CE

Pyramid of Pepy II, Late Old Kingdom, c. 2278
– 2184 BC

Pyramid of Te%, Late Old Kingdom, 2345-‐2333 BCE.

Old Kingdom  Middle Kingdom Middle Kingdom (XI-‐XIV)
2040-‐1640 BCE

Rock-‐Cut Tomb, Beni Hasan, Middle Kingdom, 1938-‐1756 BCE

Vo%ve Statue of Hatshepsut, New Kingdom, 1473-‐1458 BCE False
Beard Nemes (Headdress)

Hatshepsut, New Kingdom Pepy I, Old Kingdom

Other representa%ons of Hatshepsut’s gender.

* Rock-‐Cut tombs have existed since the pre-‐dynas%c era, but
became popular for royal tombs in the Middle and New Kingdoms

Rock-‐Cut Tombs, Deir el-‐Bahri, 18th Dynasty, New Kingdom, 1473-‐1458 BCE.

Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut, Deir el-‐Bahri, 18th Dynasty, New
Kingdom, 1473-‐1458 BCE. *Miles away from her rock-‐cut tomb.

Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut, Deir el-‐Bahri, 18th Dynasty, New
Kingdom, 1473-‐1458 BCE.

The Reliefs of Hatshepsut Defaced, Temple of Amun at Karnak,
18th Dynasty, New Kingdom, 1473-‐1458 BCE (Built), 1458-‐1428 (Defaced) Defaced Cartouche at Deir el-‐ Medina

The “Amarna Period” 1353-‐1336 BCE

East West Karnak Temple to the Aten

Akhenaton, from the temple of Aton, Karnak, Egypt, 18th
Dynasty, ca. 1353-‐1335.

Akhenaton, from the temple of Aton, Karnak, Egypt,
18th Dynasty, ca. 1353-‐1335. Vo%ve Statue of Hatshepsut, New Kingdom, 1473-‐1458 BCE Cult Statue of Khafre, Old Kingdom, 2520-‐2465 BCE

“you are the man, and you are the woman.”
Akhenaton, from the temple of Aton, Karnak, Egypt, 18th Dynasty, ca. 1353-‐1335.

Akhenaten and his Family, New Kingdom, 1353-‐1336 BCE

Aten: The Sun Disk Ankh: Hieroglyph for Life

Akhenaten Tutankhamun

Death Mask of Tutankhamen, tomb of Tutankhamen, Thebes,
c. 1323 BCE

Vulture (Nekhbet) Upper Egypt Cobra (Ureas) Lower Egypt
+ The Uniﬁca%on of Egypt = Death Mask of Tutankhamen, tomb of Tutankhamen, Thebes, c. 1323 BCE

Judgment of Hunefer from his Book of the Dead, New
Kingdom, 1285 BCE The Declara%on of Innocence: “I have not caused pain, / I have not caused tears. / I have not killed, / I have not ordered to kill, / I have not made anyone to suﬀer.” This sec%on ends with him declaring that he is “pure” and that “no evil should befall [him].”

The Declara%on of the 42 Judges: “O Bone-‐ smasher,
who comes from Hnes, I have not told lies.” Judgment of Hunefer from his Book of the Dead, New Kingdom, 1285 BCE

The Address to the Gods: “[I] have given bread to
the hungry, / Water to the thirsty, / Clothes to the naked, / A ferryboat to the boatless.” Judgment of Hunefer from his Book of the Dead, New Kingdom, 1285 BCE

“The First Interroga%on” The deceased is tested on the mysteries
of Osiris and the gods. When is knowledge is conﬁrmed by his answers he is told, “Come then, enter the gate of this Hall of the Two Truths, / For you know us.” Judgment of Hunefer from his Book of the Dead, New Kingdom, 1285 BCE

“The Second Interroga%on”: The hall itself tests the deceased further.
With each challenge the deceased must respond with the challenger’s name. “ ‘I shall not open for you,’ / Says the bolt-‐clasp of this gate, / ‘Unless you tell my name,’ / ‘Eye-‐of-‐Sobk-‐Lord-‐of-‐Bakhu is your name.’ ” Judgment of Hunefer from his Book of the Dead, New Kingdom, 1285 BCE

The Weighing of the Heart Judgment of Hunefer from
his Book of the Dead, New Kingdom, 1285 BCE Hunefer Anubis Heart Maat Maat Ammut Thoth Anubis Hunefer Horus Osiris Isis and Nephthys Nekbhet

The Judgment of Ani, From the Papyrus of Ani,
21st Dynasty, c.

Egyptian Art in Context(s)

Egyptian Art in Context(s)

More Decks by nichsara

Other Decks in Education

Featured

Transcript