Egyptian Art in Context(s)

Transcript

1. Egyp%an  Art  in  Context(s)     Reading:   Annabel  Wharton,  “Appropria%ng   Pasts:  Cairo,”  pp.  41-­‐54.       Range:   c.  3000  BCE-­‐2000  BCE   Early  Dynas0c,  Old  Kingdom,  New   Kingdom     Terms/Concepts:   Canon  of  Propor%ons,  Ka,  PaleIe,   Mastaba,  Step  Pyramid,  Pyramid,   Serdab,  Sed-­‐Fes%val,  Unifica%on  of   Upper  and  Lower  Egypt,  nemes,   scribe,     Monument  List:     PaleIe  of  King  Narmer,  Early   Dynas%c  Egyp%an,  3000-­‐2920   BCE.     Imhotep,  Stepped  Pyramid  and   Mortuary  Precinct  of  Djoser,   Saqqara,  Egypt.  c.2630-­‐2575   BCE.     Great  Pyramids  at  Gizeh,  Old   Kingdom  Egyp%an,  c.   2551-­‐2528.     Khafre  Enthroned,  Old  Kingdom   Egyp%an,  c.  2520-­‐2494.  
2. Chronology  
4. Egypt:  Chronology   •  Predynas%c  Period        5000-­‐2920  BCE   •  Early  Dynas%c  Period  (I-­‐III)      2920-­‐2611  BCE   •  Old  Kingdom  (IV-­‐VIII)      2575-­‐2465  BCE   •  First  Intermediate  Period  (IX-­‐XI)    2134-­‐2040  BCE   •  Middle  Kingdom  (XI-­‐XIV)      2040-­‐1640  BCE   •  Second  Intermediate  Period  (XV-­‐XVII)  1640-­‐1532  BCE   •  New  Kingdom  (XVIII-­‐XX)      1550-­‐1070  BCE   •  Third  Intermediate  Period  (XXI-­‐XXV)  1070-­‐712  BCE   •  Late  Period  (XXV-­‐XXXI)      712-­‐332  BCE   •  Greco/Roman  Egypt      332  BCE-­‐359  CE  
5. In  the  beginning…   Ptah  
6. Geb  and  Nut  
7. Osiris,  Isis,  Seth,  Nephthys  
8. Osiris   Horus   Isis  
10. PaleIe  of  Narmer,  Hierakonpolis,  Egypt,  Early  Dynas%c,  2950  BCE  
11. 3-­‐1  and  3-­‐2,  PaleIe  of   Narmer,  Hierakonpolis,   Egypt,  Early  Dynas%c,   2950  BCE  
12. 3-­‐1  and  3-­‐2,  PaleIe  of  Narmer,  Hierakonpolis,  Egypt,  Early  Dynas%c,   2950  BCE  
13. Horus   Papyrus  =  Lower  Egypt   3-­‐1  and  3-­‐2,  PaleIe  of  Narmer,  Hierakonpolis,  Egypt,  Early  Dynas%c,   2950  BCE  
14. 3-­‐1  and  3-­‐2,  PaleIe  of  Narmer,   Hierakonpolis,  Egypt,  Early  Dynas%c,  2950   BCE  
15. 3-­‐1  and  3-­‐2,  PaleIe  of  Narmer,   Hierakonpolis,  Egypt,  Early   Dynas%c,  2950  BCE  
16. PaleIe  of  Narmer,  Hierakonpolis,  Egypt,  Early   Dynas%c,  2950  BCE  
17. PaleIe  of  Narmer,  Hierakonpolis,  Egypt,  Early  Dynas%c,  2950  BCE  
18. PaleIe  of  Narmer,  Hierakonpolis,  Egypt,  Early  Dynas%c,  2950  BCE  
19. Upper  Egypt   Lower  Egypt   PaleIe  of  Narmer,  Early   Dynas%c,  2950  BCE   Stele  of  Naram  Sin,  Akkadian,   2254-­‐2218  BCE  
22. Mastaba  (General  Plan),  Early  Dynas%c  Egypt-­‐Old  Kingdom,  3000-­‐2100   BCE  
24. Imhotep. Stepped Pyramid and Mortuary Precinct of Djoser. Saqqara, Egypt. c.2630-2575 BCE.
25. Imhotep, Plan, Stepped Pyramid of Djoser. Saqqara, Egypt. c.2630-2575 BCE.
26. Imhotep. Serdab, Stepped Pyramid and mortuary precinct of Djoser. Saqqara, Egypt. c. 2630-2575 BCE.
27. Imhotep. Serdab, Stepped Pyramid and mortuary precinct of Djoser. Saqqara, Egypt. c. 2630-2575 BCE.
28. Imhotep. Serdab, Stepped Pyramid and mortuary precinct of Djoser. Saqqara, Egypt. c. 2630-2575 BCE.
29. Imhotep. Serdab, Stepped Pyramid and mortuary precinct of Djoser. Saqqara, Egypt. c. 2630-2575 BCE.
30. Statue of Djoser. Saqqara. Early Dynastic. c. 2630-2575 BCE. Ka  =  Soul,  or  Life  Force  
31. Imhotep. Stepped Pyramid and Mortuary Precinct of Djoser. Saqqara, Egypt. c.2630-2575 BCE.
32. Imhotep. Faux Temples, Mortuary Precinct of Djoser. Saqqara, Egypt. c.2630-2575 BCE.
35. Pyramids  of  Khufu,  Khafre  and  Menkaure,  at  Giza,  Old   Kingdom,  2575-­‐2450  BCE  
37. Grave  Goods,  Pyramid  of  Khufu,  Giza,  Egypt,  Old  Kingdom,   2551-­‐2528  BCE.  
38. Grave  Goods,  Pyramid  of  Khufu,  Giza,   Egypt,  Old  Kingdom,  2551-­‐2528  BCE.   People,  boats,  and  animals,  as  seen   in  a  copy  of  a  pain%ng  from  Tomb   100,  Hierakonpolis,    Predynas%c   Period,  c.3500-­‐3200  BCE.      
40. Khafre  Enthroned,  Old  Kingdom,  2520-­‐2465  BCE  
41. Khafre  Enthroned,  Old  Kingdom,  2520-­‐2465  BCE.  
42. PaleIe  of  Narmer         Khafre  Enthroned  
43. Khafre  Enthroned,  Old  Kingdom,  2520-­‐2465  BCE  
44. Papyrus   Blue  Lotus   Unifica%on  of  Upper  and  Lower  Egypt   Khafre  Enthroned,  Old  Kingdom,  2520-­‐2465  BCE  
46. Ti  Supervising  a   Hippopotamus  Hunt,  from   the  Tomb  of  Ti,  Saqqara,  Old   Kingdom,  2450-­‐2325  BCE  
47. Ti  Supervising  a  Hippopotamus  Hunt,  from  the  Tomb  of  Ti,   Saqqara,  Old  Kingdom,  2450-­‐2325  BCE  
48. Servants  Making  Bread  and  Beer,  from  the  Tomb  of  Ti,   Saqqara,  Old  Kingdom,  2450-­‐2325  BCE  
49. Petrified  loaves  of  bread  from  Egyp%an   tombs.  
50. What  edible  bread  probably  looked  like.  
51. Egypt:  Chronology   •  Predynas%c  Period        5000-­‐2920  BCE   •  Early  Dynas%c  Period  (I-­‐III)      2920-­‐2611  BCE   •  Old  Kingdom  (IV-­‐VIII)      2575-­‐2465  BCE   •  First  Intermediate  Period  (IX-­‐XI)    2134-­‐2040  BCE   •  Middle  Kingdom  (XI-­‐XIV)      2040-­‐1640  BCE   •  Second  Intermediate  Period  (XV-­‐XVII)  1640-­‐1532  BCE   •  New  Kingdom  (XVIII-­‐XX)      1550-­‐1070  BCE   •  Third  Intermediate  Period  (XXI-­‐XXV)  1070-­‐712  BCE   •  Late  Period  (XXV-­‐XXXI)      712-­‐332  BCE   •  Greco/Roman  Egypt      332  BCE-­‐359  CE  
52. Pyramid  of  Pepy  II,  Late  Old  Kingdom,  c.   2278  –  2184  BC  
53. Pyramid  of  Te%,  Late  Old  Kingdom, 2345-­‐2333  BCE.      
54. Old  Kingdom    Middle  Kingdom   Middle  Kingdom  (XI-­‐XIV)       2040-­‐1640  BCE  
55. Rock-­‐Cut  Tomb,  Beni  Hasan,  Middle  Kingdom,   1938-­‐1756  BCE  
56. Vo%ve  Statue  of  Hatshepsut,  New  Kingdom,  1473-­‐1458  BCE   False  Beard   Nemes  (Headdress)  
57. Hatshepsut,  New  Kingdom   Pepy  I,  Old  Kingdom  
58. Other  representa%ons  of  Hatshepsut’s  gender.  
59. *  Rock-­‐Cut  tombs  have  existed  since  the  pre-­‐dynas%c  era,  but  became   popular  for  royal  tombs  in  the  Middle  and  New  Kingdoms  
60. Rock-­‐Cut  Tombs,  Deir  el-­‐Bahri,  18th  Dynasty,  New  Kingdom, 1473-­‐1458  BCE.  
61. Mortuary  Temple  of  Hatshepsut,  Deir  el-­‐Bahri,  18th  Dynasty,   New  Kingdom,  1473-­‐1458  BCE.   *Miles  away  from  her  rock-­‐cut  tomb.  
62. Mortuary  Temple  of  Hatshepsut,  Deir  el-­‐Bahri,  18th  Dynasty,   New  Kingdom,  1473-­‐1458  BCE.  
63. Mortuary  Temple  of  Hatshepsut,  Deir  el-­‐Bahri,  18th  Dynasty,   New  Kingdom,  1473-­‐1458  BCE.  
64. Mortuary  Temple  of  Hatshepsut,  Deir  el-­‐Bahri,  18th  Dynasty,   New  Kingdom,  1473-­‐1458  BCE.  
65. The  Reliefs  of  Hatshepsut  Defaced,  Temple  of  Amun  at  Karnak,  18th   Dynasty,  New  Kingdom,  1473-­‐1458  BCE  (Built),  1458-­‐1428  (Defaced)   Defaced  Cartouche  at  Deir  el-­‐ Medina  
66. The  “Amarna  Period”   1353-­‐1336  BCE  
67. East West Karnak Temple  to  the  Aten  
68. Akhenaton,  from  the  temple  of   Aton,  Karnak,  Egypt,  18th   Dynasty,  ca.  1353-­‐1335.  
69. Akhenaton,  from  the   temple  of  Aton,  Karnak,   Egypt,  18th  Dynasty,  ca.   1353-­‐1335.   Vo%ve  Statue  of  Hatshepsut,   New  Kingdom,  1473-­‐1458   BCE     Cult  Statue  of  Khafre,   Old  Kingdom,   2520-­‐2465  BCE    
71. “you  are  the  man,  and   you  are  the  woman.”   Akhenaton,  from  the  temple  of   Aton,  Karnak,  Egypt,  18th   Dynasty,  ca.  1353-­‐1335.  
72. Akhenaten  and  his  Family,  New  Kingdom,  1353-­‐1336   BCE  
73. Aten:  The  Sun  Disk   Ankh:  Hieroglyph  for  Life  
74. Akhenaten   Tutankhamun  
75. Death  Mask  of   Tutankhamen,  tomb  of   Tutankhamen,  Thebes,  c.   1323  BCE    
76. Vulture  (Nekhbet)  Upper  Egypt   Cobra  (Ureas)  Lower  Egypt   +   The  Unifica%on  of  Egypt   =   Death  Mask  of   Tutankhamen,  tomb  of   Tutankhamen,  Thebes,  c.   1323  BCE    
78. Judgment  of  Hunefer  from  his  Book  of  the  Dead,  New   Kingdom,  1285  BCE   The  Declara%on  of  Innocence:    “I  have  not  caused  pain,  /  I  have  not   caused  tears.  /  I  have  not  killed,  /  I  have  not  ordered  to  kill,  /  I  have  not   made  anyone  to  suffer.”    This  sec%on  ends  with  him  declaring  that  he  is   “pure”  and  that  “no  evil  should  befall  [him].”    
79. The  Declara%on  of  the  42  Judges:    “O  Bone-­‐  smasher,   who  comes  from  Hnes,  I  have  not  told  lies.”     Judgment  of  Hunefer  from  his  Book  of  the  Dead,  New   Kingdom,  1285  BCE  
80. The  Address  to  the  Gods:  “[I]  have  given  bread  to  the   hungry,  /  Water  to  the  thirsty,  /  Clothes  to  the  naked,  /  A   ferryboat  to  the  boatless.”     Judgment  of  Hunefer  from  his  Book  of  the  Dead,  New   Kingdom,  1285  BCE  
81. “The  First  Interroga%on”  The  deceased  is  tested  on  the  mysteries  of   Osiris  and  the  gods.    When  is  knowledge  is  confirmed  by  his  answers  he   is  told,  “Come  then,  enter  the  gate  of  this  Hall  of  the  Two  Truths,  /  For   you  know  us.”     Judgment  of  Hunefer  from  his  Book  of  the  Dead,  New   Kingdom,  1285  BCE  
82. “The  Second  Interroga%on”:  The  hall  itself  tests  the  deceased  further.     With  each  challenge  the  deceased  must  respond  with  the  challenger’s   name.  “  ‘I  shall  not  open  for  you,’  /  Says  the  bolt-­‐clasp  of  this  gate,  /   ‘Unless  you  tell  my  name,’  /  ‘Eye-­‐of-­‐Sobk-­‐Lord-­‐of-­‐Bakhu  is  your  name.’  ”     Judgment  of  Hunefer  from  his  Book  of  the  Dead,  New   Kingdom,  1285  BCE  
83. The  Weighing  of  the  Heart   Judgment  of  Hunefer  from  his  Book  of  the  Dead,  New   Kingdom,  1285  BCE   Hunefer   Anubis   Heart   Maat   Maat   Ammut   Thoth   Anubis   Hunefer   Horus   Osiris   Isis  and  Nephthys   Nekbhet  
84. The  Judgment  of  Ani,  From  the  Papyrus  of   Ani,  21st  Dynasty,  c.