What's Coming in Jakarta EE 11?

Jakarta EE 10 has now been delivered and work on Jakarta progresses. This is a perfect time to begin exploring the horizons of Jakarta EE 11 and how you can help make it reality.

We will guide you on how to begin contributing towards Jakarta EE 11. We will cover ways of contributing, what paperwork is needed as well as the likely possibilities for Jakarta EE 11 including high level themes, platform level changes and some detailed features. Some technologies that might change include Jakarta Security, Concurrency and Messaging. New APIs that could be added include Jakarta NoSQL, RPC, Repositories, and Configuration. We will talk about non-specification projects such as the Starter, Tutorial and Samples.

We will also discuss what might be after Jakarta EE 11. Bring your thinking caps!

Transcript

1. What's Coming in
   Jakarta EE 11?
   Reza Rahman
   Jakarta EE Ambassador, Author, Blogger, Speaker
   reza_rahman@lycos.com
   @reza_rahman
   

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2. Jakarta EE
   • Java EE transitioned from JCP to Eclipse Foundation as Jakarta EE
   • Open governance, open source, open compatibility testing
   • Well-defined specification process, clear IP flow, vendor-neutral open collaboration, level playing field
   • Key stakeholders maintained if not expanded including Oracle, IBM, Red Hat, Payara and VMware
   • Community participation and contribution key
   https://jakarta.ee
   

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3. The Importance of Jakarta EE
   • Jakarta EE is an important part of the Java ecosystem
   • 25-35% of Java applications run on Jakarta EE application servers
   • WildFly, Payara, GlassFish, JBoss EAP, WebSphere/Liberty, WebLogic
   • 70-80% of Java applications depend on at least one or more Jakarta EE APIs
   • Tomcat, Hibernate, ActiveMQ, Jetty, CXF, Jersey, RESTEasy, Quarkus, MicroProfile, Spring
   2023 Jakarta EE Developer Survey: https://outreach.eclipse.foundation/jakarta-ee-developer-survey-2023
   

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4. Jakarta EE Evolution
   JPE
   J2EE
   1.2
   Servlet,
   JSP, EJB,
   JMS
   J2EE
   1.3
   CMP,
   JCA
   J2EE
   1.4
   JAX-WS
   Java EE 5
   EJB 3, JPA,
   JSF, JAXB,
   JAX-WS
   Java EE 7
   WebSocket,
   JSON,
   Concurrency,
   Batch, pruning
   Java EE 8
   HTTP/2, SSE,
   Security,
   pruning
   Java EE 6
   Profiles,
   CDI, JAX-
   RS, Bean
   Validation
   Jakarta
   EE 8
   Open-source
   governance
   Jakarta
   EE 9.x
   Namespace
   transition
   Jakarta
   EE 10
   New features,
   updates
   Jakarta
   EE 11
   Community
   Innovation
   

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5. A Lively Ecosystem
   

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6. Ambassadors’ Jakarta EE 11 Contribution Guide
   https://jakartaee-ambassadors.io/guide-to-contributing-to-jakarta-ee-11
   @jee_ambassadors
   

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7. • CDI Alignment
   • @Asynchronous, @Schedule, @Lock, @MaxConcurrency in Concurrency, @MessageListener in
   Messaging, @RolesAllowed, @RunAs in Security
   • Better CDI support in Batch, REST, Concurrency
   • Java SE Alignment
   • CompletionStage in Concurrency
   • Bootstrap APIs for REST, Messaging
   • Closing standardization gaps
   • OpenID Connect, JWT alignment, batch job definition Java API, @ManagedExecutorDefinition,
   more SQL support, multipart/form-data
   • Core/Microservices Profile
   • Deprecation/removal
   • EJB Entity Beans, embeddable EJB container, deprecated Servlet/Faces/CDI features
   • Innovation
   • Repositories, NoSQL, MVC, Configuration, gRPC
   Jakarta EE 10 in Context
   Made it! On the way Gap
   

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8. Jakarta EE 11 Possibilities
   • CDI Alignment
   • @Schedule, @Lock, @MaxConcurrency in Concurrency, @MessageListener in Messaging,
   @RolesAllowed, @RunAs in Security
   • Better CDI support in REST, Persistence, Concurrency
   • Java SE Alignment
   • Adapting to Records, Virtual Threads
   • Bootstrap API for Messaging
   • Modularity, standalone/modernized TCKs
   • Closing standardization gaps
   • JWT alignment, batch job definition Java API, @Service
   • Deprecation/removal
   • JAX-WS (SOAP), JAXB (XML), CORBA, EJB
   • Innovation
   • Repositories, NoSQL, MVC, Configuration, gRPC
   On the way Gap
   

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9. • H1 2024 target release date
   • Java SE 21 baseline, adapting to key changes
   • Records, Virtual Threads, Security Manager deprecation
   • More cohesive APIs, especially around CDI
   • New specifications
   Jakarta EE 11 Themes
   

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10. Jakarta Concurrency
    • Adapting to Virtual Threads
    • Virtual Threads likely mostly implementation level concern for runtimes
    • CDI based, modernized equivalent for EJB @Schedule, @Lock
    • Adding @MaxConcurrency
    • CDI context propagation
    

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11. Managed Virtual Threads
    @ManagedExecutorDefinition(
    name = "java:app/concurrent/MyExecutorService",
    maxAsync = 5,
    virtual = true
    )
    

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12. CDI Based @Lock
    @ApplicationScoped @Lock(READ)
    public class CountryInfoService {
    ...
    public List getStates(String country) {
    return countryStatesMap.get(country);
    }
    ...
    @Lock(WRITE)
    public void setStates(String country, List states) {
    countryStatesMap.put(country, states);
    }
    }
    

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13. Jakarta Security
    • JWT alignment
    • MicroProfile bridge specification
    • Multiple authentication mechanisms
    • Authentication mechanism per URL
    • User choice of authentication mechanism
    • CDI based, modernized equivalent for @RolesAllowed, @RunAs
    • EL enabled authorization annotation
    

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14. EL Enabled Authorization Annotation
    @Authorized("hasRoles('Manager') && schedule.officeHours")
    public void transferFunds();
    @Authorized("hasAttribute('directReports', employeeId)")
    public double getSalary(long employeeId);
    

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15. Jakarta Persistence
    • Support for Java SE Records as embeddable classes
    • Deprecate usage of Date, Time, Timestamp, @Temporal in favor of Date/Time API
    • More SQL-like features in QL and criteria API
    • concat (||), union, intersect, except, cast, left, right, replace
    • Thread-safe EntityManager via @Inject
    • Make persistence.xml optional/empty marker
    • JCache as a second-level cache provider
    

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16. Embeddable Records
    @Embeddable
    public record Address (String street, String city,
    String state, String zipCode) {
    }
    @Entity public class Person {
    @Id private Long id;
    private String firstName;
    private String lastName;
    @Embedded private Address address;
    ...
    }
    

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17. • CDI based, modernized @MessageListener
    • Jakarta Messaging Lite for cloud native use cases
    • Standalone bootstrap API
    • AMQP interoperability
    Jakarta Messaging
    

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18. @MessageListener Example
    @ApplicationScoped
    @MaxConcurrency(10)
    public class HandlingEventRegistrationAttemptConsumer {
    @MessageListener(
    destinationLookup="jms/HandlingEventRegistrationAttemptQueue",
    selector="source = 'mobile'",
    batchSize=10, orderBy=TIMESTAMP,
    retry=5, retryDelay=7000, deadLetterQueue="jms/DeadLetterQueue")
    public void onEventRegistrationAttempt(
    HandlingEventRegistrationAttempt... attempts) {
    ...
    }
    }
    

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19. Bootstrap API for Jakarta Messaging
    JmsContainer container = JmsContainerFactory.newInstance();
    ...
    JMSContext jmsContext = container.getJmsContext();
    Destination handlingEventQueue = container.getDestination(
    “jms/HandlingEventRegistrationAttemptQueue” true);
    ...
    jmsContext.createProducer()
    .setDisableMessageID(true)
    .setDisableMessageTimestamp(true)
    .setStringProperty("source", source)
    .send(handlingEventQueue, attempt);
    ...
    container.close();
    

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20. • Higher level (Repository pattern) data access abstraction like DeltaSpike Data, Spring Data
    • Automatically generated Repository implementations based on annotated interface
    • Both Jakarta Persistence and NoSQL
    Jakarta Data
    

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21. Jakarta Data Example
    @Entity public class Product {
    @Id private long id;
    @Column @NotBlank private String name;
    @Column @PositiveOrZero private float price;
    @Repository public interface Products extends CrudRepository {
    @Asynchronous @OrderBy("price")
    CompletableFuture> findByNameContains(String searchFor);
    @Query(
    "UPDATE Product o SET o.price = o.price - (?2 * o.price) WHERE o.id = ?1")
    boolean discount(long productId, float discountRate);
    }
    

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22. • Standard action-based web framework
    • Jakarta Faces continues to evolve separately
    • “Prospective specification” in Jakarta EE 11
    • Model
    • CDI, Bean Validation
    • View
    • Facelets, Jakarta Server Pages
    • Controller
    • Majority of work here
    • Based on Jakarta REST
    Jakarta MVC
    

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23. Jakarta MVC Example
    @Controller
    @Path("/")
    @View("my-index.xhtml")
    public class Bookstore {
    @Inject private Models model;
    @Inject private BookService service;
    ...
    @GET
    public void index() {
    ...
    model.put(“books”, books);
    }
    }
    

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24. • Specification for accessing NoSQL databases
    • Mapping/template API akin to JPA
    • API variants by NoSQL taxonomy
    • Key-value pair, column family, document and graph
    • Repositories, validation, externalized configuration
    Jakarta NoSQL
    

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25. Jakarta NoSQL Example
    @Entity public class Order {
    @Id private long id;
    @Column @NotBlank private String description;
    @Column @NotEmpty private List orderLines;
    @Column @NotNull private Customer customer;
    @Column @NotNull private Address address;
    template.insert(order);
    ...
    List results = template.select(Order.class)
    .where("description").like("^Pinball").result();
    logger.info("Found orders for pinball: " + results.size());
    

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26. Configuration
    • Externalizing application configuration
    • Built-in stores
    • Property files, Java system properties, environment variables
    • Extensible stores
    • Kubernetes secrets
    • Secure cloud storage (such as Azure Key Vault)
    • NoSQL stores (such as Azure Redis)
    • Relational database
    • @Inject into code
    • Reference in EL
    • Reference in XML
    • Moving MicroProfile Config to Jakarta EE
    

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27. Configuration Examples
    @Inject
    @ConfigProperty(name = “admin.group”, defaultValue=“admin”)
    private String adminGroup;
    persistence.provider=org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence
    persistence.datasource=java:app/jdbc/CargoTrackerDatabase
    persistence.schema.generation.database.action=create
    
    java:app/jdbc/CargoTrackerDatabase
    org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver
    jdbc:derby:${temp.dir}/cargo-tracker-database
    
    

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28. Other Changes
    • Java SE Records support in Jakarta Validation, CDI, EL
    • Jakarta REST @Context replaced by CDI/@Inject
    • @Context deprecated in Jakarta EE 10
    • @ManagedBean deprecated
    • Java SE SecurityManager dependency removed
    • Java job definition API as alternative to XML in Jakarta Batch
    

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29. Validating Records
    public record Car(
    @NotBlank String manufacturer,
    @NotNull @Size(min = 2, max = 14) String licensePlate,
    @Min(2) int seatCount) {
    }
    

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30. Job Definition API Example
    Job job = new JobBuilder(jobName).property("jobk1", "J")
    .listener("jobListener1", new String[]{"jobListenerk1",
    "#{jobParameters['jobListenerPropVal']}"},
    .step(new StepBuilder(stepName)
    .properties(new String[]{"stepk1", "S"}, new String[]{"stepk2", "S"})
    .batchlet(batchlet1Name, new String[]{"batchletk1", "B"},
    new String[]{"batchletk2", "B"})
    .listener("stepListener1", stepListenerProps)
    .stopOn("STOP").restartFrom(stepName).exitStatus()
    .endOn("END").exitStatus("new status for end")
    .failOn("FAIL").exitStatus()
    .nextOn("*").to(step2Name)
    .build())
    ...
    .build();
    

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31. • More custom websites for key Jakarta EE technologies
    • Like https://beanvalidation.org, http://www.cdi-spec.org
    • Jakarta Starter
    • Helping developers getting started quickly
    • Jakarta EE Tutorial
    • The official free resource to learn Jakarta EE
    • Jakarta EE Examples
    • Quickly getting working code for most use cases
    • Eclipse Cargo Tracker
    • End-to-end application demonstrating architectural practices like Domain-Driven Design
    Beyond Specification Work
    

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32. Ways of Contributing
    • Follow Jakarta EE technologies that interest you and share opinion
    • https://jakarta.ee/connect/mailing-lists/
    • Advocate for a specific change or feature
    • https://jakarta.ee/projects/
    • Help implement a change in API, specification, TCK or implementation
    • Sign Eclipse Contributor Agreement
    • https://www.eclipse.org/legal/ECA.php
    • Becoming a committer comes much later
    • Engage an Ambassador if needed
    • https://jakartaee-ambassadors.io
    

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33. Summary
    • One of the key motivations to move Java EE to Jakarta EE is greater community contribution
    • Jakarta EE 11 work is ongoing - time to get involved is now!
    

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34. Resources
    • JakartaOne Livestream recordings
    • https://jakartaone.org
    • Jakarta EE Community alias
    • https://accounts.eclipse.org/mailing-list/jakarta.ee-community
    • Jakarta EE Twitter handle
    • @JakartaEE
    • Jakarta Tech Talks
    • https://www.meetup.com/jakartatechtalks_
    

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