Innovative approaches for Broadband Infrastructure Deployment and closing digital divide by Mohamed Adil

Transcript

1. Mohamed Adil Innovative approaches for Broadband Infrastructure Deployment and closing digital divide
2. Background Today, the Internet is an essential part of our everyday lives—allowing us to be informed, transact business, and generally communicate. However, too many people still lack access to the Internet. In the past ten years, we have witnessed a massive increase in the need to deploy and upgrade telecom infrastructure to meet the explosive demand for broadband Internet access
3. Closing the Digital Divide ! Most of the broadband telecommunications investment is focused on larger cities with relatively high-density households and businesses. ! The effect of this investment was to widen the digital divide between cities and nonurban regions, especially rural areas, which are becoming relatively more isolated ! According to a World Economic Forum (2017) report, more than half of the globe’s population—about four billion people—are not yet connected to the Internet.
4. Closing the Digital Divide
5. Upgrading the Broadband Infrastructure Value Chain
6. Wireless Infrastructure and Trends in Spectrum Policy and Planning ! Spectrum is a key input to ensure “Internet access for all.” ! Today, the most common way to access the Internet around the world is via mobile broadband networks (3G, 4G/LTE), fixed-wireless networks (TDLTE, WiMAX) and public or private Wi-Fi networks. ! At the end of 2017, about 5.2 billion people accessed the Internet through a mobile broadband device, an increase of about 15 percent year-on year (Ericsson 2017).
7. The Emergence of 5G ! With the ongoing development and impending launch of 5G networks, governments, regulators, and operators are seeking to identify additional spectrum to enable new and expanded services, including enhanced mobile broadband. ! These efforts will expand access, and create new opportunities for delivery of broadband and broadband-enabled services.
8. Bands under Consideration for 5G, Selected Countries
9. Uses of Unlicensed Spectrum COMMUNITY NETWORKS ! One use case for unlicensed spectrum—usually employing Wi-Fi, but sometimes simple 2G mobile networks— is the development of community networks. ! These are small networks usually built and operated by community members or entrepreneurs to serve a village or town, meant to complement or fill gaps in commercial mobile networks.
10. Uses of Unlicensed Spectrum ! TELEVISION WHITE SPACE allows frequencies unused in a particular geographic area during a specific timeframe to be used for other purposes ! Some countries, such as Canada, Colombia, and South Africa have allowed the use of television channels on a secondary basis for backhaul connections in rural areas where television channels are not used.
11. Uses of Unlicensed Spectrum ! LTE-U AND LTE LAA ! LTE-U in unlicensed bands as a standalone service is designed to operate in bands such as 5 GHz globally, or 3.5 GHz. ! It was created to extend the benefits of Long-Term Evolution (LTE) technology used in commercial mobile networks and its ecosystem to Wi-Fi entities that may not own licensed spectrum, such as small Internet service providers using fixed wireless broadband and enterprise or venue owners.
12. Uses of Unlicensed Spectrum ! LTE Licensed-Assisted Access (LAA) is designed to enable LTE over short distances in the last mile. It also operates in unlicensed bands but is designed to combine LTE in unlicensed spectrum with LTE in licensed Bands,. This aggregation of spectrum provides for more bandwidth with faster data rates and a more responsive user experience.
13. Evolution of Fixed Access Technologies
14. Technology head to head comparison
15. Relative Costs for Providing Access by Technology
16. Crossborder and National Fiber-Optic Network EASSy – Eastern Africa Crossborder Subsea Cable
17. WIOCC Shareholding with EASSy Consortium
18. Crossborder Networks
19. National Backbone Network ! A national backbone is the collection of high-capacity links and nodes connecting dispersed regional and local networks throughout a country. ! These links function to aggregate and route traffic among regional and local networks as well as to and from international markets. ! Unfortunately there is national backbone network in Somalia
20. Selected National Backbone Projects
21. Models and Technologies for the Middle and Last Mile ! Fixed Broadband Access Technologies ! Serving with broadband technology has always been a challenge, especially in the early phases of broadband deployment where costs are a major concern. ! In general, Somali cities have a more scattered distribution of housing that increases the costs of deployment on a per home passed basis.
22. FTTH as last mile solution ! Greenfield fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) deployment in has not been common until now because of these cost considerations. ! Frontage distances are higher, which results in higher costs on a per home basis, both for trenching and cable. ! It is generally more acceptable to deploy fiber on poles, as overhead cable, rather than to require underground fiber installation, and this can significantly reduce costs, especially if poles can be shared with other utilities, such as electricity providers.
23. Pros and cons
24. PON Growth Rate
25. Dream Topology for Somalia
26. VDSL/FTTC ! Very high speed digital subscriber line (VDSL) is the preferred technology for incumbent operators that have already deployed copper cable extensively for PSTN services. ! VDSL line cards are installed in existing street cabinets, connected to the copper pairs in the distribution cable, and fiber is taken to the street cabinet (fiber-to-the-cabinet (FTTC)), serving the VDSL line cards.
27. Drones, Balloons, and Other Nonpermanent Structures for Last-Mile and Middle-Mile Access ! Recently, there has been significant investment in developing nonpermanent aerial infrastructure that can be used to provide middle- and last-mile coverage. ! These solutions can be categorized as short-term and long-term solutions
28. Specific Recommendations ! Private-sector participation. ! Working policy and regulatins ! Utilities’ collaboration and enabling reuse ! justification should be based on realistic business case and socioeconomic cost-benefit analysis ! One business model’s failure can lead to another’s success.