自作言語進捗 2019 Mar

Transcript

1. ࣗ࡞ݴޠਐḿ
   2019 Mar
   @todesking
   

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2. ͋Β͢͡
   • 1݄͝Ζ͔Βࣗ࡞ݴޠΛ࡞Γ࢝ΊͨͷͰɺͨ·ʹਐḿΛใ
   ࠂ͠Α͏ͱࢥ͍·͢……
   
   • ಈػ
   
   • Ұ෦ͰCίϯύΠϥࣗ࡞͕ྲྀߦͬͯͨ
   
   • ܕγεςϜͷ࣮ݧ͕͍ͨ͠
   
   • JVMͰಈ͘MLܥݴޠΛ࡞͍ͬͯ·͢
   
   • ηϧϑϗεςΟϯά΋໨ඪͱ͢Δ
   
   • https://github.com/todesking/ojaml
   

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3. ࢓༷
   • MLϕʔε
   
   • Standard ML, OCamlͳͲ͕༗໊
   
   • ௚ܥͰ͸ͳ͍͕ɺHaskell΋ӨڹΛड͚͍ͯΔ
   
   • ϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠͷݚڀͰΑ͘࢖ΘΕͯΔ
   
   • ؔ਺ܕݴޠ
   
   • call-by-value
   
   • ෭࡞༻͋Γ
   
   • ܕਪ࿦
   
   • λʔήοτ͸JVM
   
   • ΫϥεϑΝΠϧΛग़ྗ͢ΔίϯύΠϥ
   
   • ܕγεςϜͷ࣮ݧ͚ͩͳΒΠϯλϓϦλͰ͍͍ΜͰ͕͢ɺ
   কདྷతʹηϧϑϗετ͍ͨ͠ͷͰίϯύΠϥʹ
   

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4. ਐḿ
   Ϟδϡʔϧ
   
   Ϟδϡʔϧม਺
   
   ؔ਺
   
   ϩʔΧϧม਺(let/let rec)
   
   جຊతͳ੔਺ԋࢉ
   
   ݪ࢝తͳܕਪ࿦
   
   Java FFI
   
   ADT
   
   ·ͱ΋ͳܕਪ࿦(HM)
   
   ύϥϝτϦοΫଟ૬
   
   letଟ૬
   
   Refinement types
   
   ηϧϑϗεςΟϯά
   

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5. ͜Μͳͷ
   package test.ml0
   import com.todesking.ojaml.ml0.lib.Predef.-
   import com.todesking.ojaml.ml0.lib.Predef.==
   module Example {
   let x =
   let rec
   is_even: int => bool = fun n: int =>
   if n == 0 then true
   else is_odd (n - 1) ;
   is_odd: int => bool = fun n: int =>
   if n == 0 then false
   else is_even (n - 1)
   in
   is_even 99 ;;
   (* x == false *)
   }
   

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6. ͜Μͳͷ
   package test.ml0
   import com.todesking.ojaml.ml0.lib.Predef.-
   import com.todesking.ojaml.ml0.lib.Predef.==
   module Example {
   let x =
   let rec
   is_even: int => bool = fun n: int =>
   if n == 0 then true
   else is_odd (n - 1) ;
   is_odd: int => bool = fun n: int =>
   if n == 0 then false
   else is_even (n - 1)
   in
   is_even 99 ;;
   (* x == false *)
   }
   Ϟδϡʔϧ
   Ϟδϡʔϧม਺
   JNQPSU
   ύοέʔδએݴ
   ϩʔΧϧม਺
   ؔ਺ఆٛ
   JG
   ೋ߲ԋࢉࢠ
   ؔ਺ݺͼग़͠
   ίϝϯτ
   

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7. ͜Μͳͷ
   • ͋ͱ͸Javaͷϝιουݺͼग़͠ߏจͳͲ
   java.lang.Integer##valueOf(10)
   

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8. ίϯύΠϥͷߏ੒
   • Parser: ιʔείʔυ͔ΒAST΁ͷม׵
   
   • Namer: Ϋϥε໊΍ม਺໊ͷղܾ
   
   • Typer: ܕ෇͚
   
   • Assember: όΠτίʔυ΁ͷม׵
   Source Raw AST Named AST Typed AST Bytecode
   Parser Namer Typer Assembler
   

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9. Parser
   • ιʔείʔυจࣈྻΛղੳͯ͠໦ߏ଄(Raw AST)ΛಘΔ
   
   • ߏจΤϥʔ͸͜ͷஈ֊ͰνΣοΫ
   struct A {
   let x = 1 ;;
   }
   Struct(name = "A")
   Let(
   name = "x",
   body = LitInt(1))
   

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10. Namer
    • ϓϩάϥϜ಺ʹग़ݱ͢Δ໊લ͕ԿΛࢦ͢ͷ͔ղܾ͢Δ
    
    • "Integer": java.lang.IntegerΫϥε
    
    • fun಺ͷ"x": 1൪໨ͷϩʔΧϧม਺
    
    • ະ஌ͷ໊લ͕ग़ݱͨ͠ΒΤϥʔ
    
    • Named ASTΛग़ྗ
    // ຊ౰͸Raw AST
    import java.lang.Integer
    module A {
    let x =
    Integer##valueOf(1);;
    let f =
    fun x: int => x ;;
    }
    Struct(name="A")
    Let("x")
    App
    Class(java.lang.Integer)
    "valueOf"
    LitInt(1)
    Let("f")
    Fun(int)
    Local(1, 0)
    

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11. Typer
    • ܕΛਪ࿦͠ɺ੔߹ੑΛνΣοΫ͢Δ
    
    • Typed ASTΛग़ྗ
    Struct(name="A")
    Let("x"): Integer
    JCallStatic: Integer
    Method(Integer.valueOf)
    LitInt(1): int
    Let("f"): int -> int
    Fun(int): int -> int
    Local(1, 0): int
    Struct(name="A")
    Let("x")
    App
    Class(java.lang.Integer)
    "valueOf"
    LitInt(1)
    Let("f")
    Fun(int)
    Local(1, 0)
    

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12. Assembler
    • Typed AST͔ΒΫϥεϑΝΠϧΛੜ੒͢Δ
    
    • ͜ͷม׵ͰΤϥʔ͸ൃੜ͠ͳ͍
    class A {
    public static Integer x;
    public static Integer f;
    static {
    x = Integer.valueOf(1);
    f = new A$1();
    }
    }
    class A$1 { ... }
    Struct(name="A")
    Let("x"): Integer
    JCallStatic: Integer
    Method(Integer.valueOf)
    LitInt(1): int
    Let("f"): int -> int
    Fun(int): int -> int
    Local(1, 0): int
    

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13. ίϯύΠϧ: Ϟδϡʔϧ
    • Ϟδϡʔϧ͸Ϋϥεɺϝϯό͸staticϑΟʔϧυʹϚοϐ
    ϯά͞ΕΔ
    
    • ϝϯόͷ஋͸staticΠχγϟϥΠβ಺ͰॳظԽ͞ΕΔ
    package a
    module X {
    let x = 10 ;;
    let y = x + 1 ;;
    }
    package a
    class X {
    static int x, y;
    static {
    x = 10;
    y = x + 1;
    }
    }
    

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14. ίϯύΠϧ: ୯७ͳࣜ
    • JavaͰදݱ͢Δͱɺׂͱͦͷ··(όΠτίʔυϨϕϧͷ
    ࿩Λ͢Δͱ௕͘ͳΔͷͰ΍Ί·͢)
    let x = if true then 1 else 2 if(true) x = 1 else x = 2
    

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15. ίϯύΠϧ: ؔ਺ݺͼग़͠
    • ؔ਺͸FunΫϥεͷαϒΫϥεͱ࣮ͯ͠૷͞ΕΔ
    
    • ΧϦʔԽͷͨΊɺؔ਺͸͢΂ͯ1Ҿ਺ͱͳΔ
    
    • ؔ਺ΦϒδΣΫτͷapp(Object): ObjectΛݺͿ͚ͩ
    
    • Ҿ਺ɾฦΓ஋͸దٓboxing͢Δ
    f 1 2
    f = ...
    g = f.app(1)
    x = ((Fun)g).app(2)
    result = ((Integer)x).intValue
    

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16. ίϯύΠϧ: ೋ߲ԋࢉࢠ
    • ؔ਺ݺͼग़͠ͷγϯλΫεγϡΨʔ
    x + 1
    => (+) x 1
    

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17. ίϯύΠϧ: ੔਺ԋࢉ
    • ੔਺ʹؔ͢Δԋࢉࢠ͸PredefͷϝιουΛݺΜͰ͍Δ
    
    • ࣮ࡍͷॲཧ͸JavaͰॻ͔ΕͨϥϯλΠϜ಺ʹهड़
    x + 1
    => Predef.+ x 1
    (* Predef *)
    let + =
    fun x =>
    fun y =>
    runtime.Int##add(x, y)
    // runtime.Int
    int add(int x, int y) = x + y;
    

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18. ίϯύΠϧ: ؔ਺ఆٛ
    • FunΫϥεͷαϒΫϥεͱ࣮ͯ͠૷
    
    • ίϯετϥΫλͷҾ਺͸ޙड़
    fun x: int => x + 1
    class Fun$0(parent: Fun, local: Object)
    extends Fun(parent, local) {
    Object app(x: Object) =
    (int)x + 1
    }
    

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19. ίϯύΠϧ: ؔ਺ఆٛ
    • ؔ਺͕ωετͨ͠৔߹
    
    • ؔ਺͝ͱʹΫϥε͕ੜ੒͞ΕΔ
    
    • Fun$1ͷੜ੒࣌ɺFun$0ͷҾ਺ͱͯ͠౉͞ΕͨxΛίϯετϥΫλʹ౉͍ͯ͠Δ
    
    • getLocal(1, 0) Ͱ depth = 1, index = 0 ͷ஋(͜ͷ৔߹Fun$1.local)Λऔಘ
    
    • indexʹ͍ͭͯ͸ޙड़(let recͰ࢖༻)
    fun x: int =>
    fun y: int =>
    x + y
    class Fun$0(parent: Fun, local: Object)
    extends Fun(parent, local) {
    int depth = 0
    Object app(x: Object) =
    new Fun$1(this, x)
    }
    clas Fun$1(...) extends Fun(...) {
    int depth = 1
    Object app(y: Object) = {
    val x = getLocal(1, 0)
    (int)x + (int)y
    }
    }
    

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20. ίϯύΠϧ: ม਺ࢀর
    • ਤͰ͢
    class Fun$0
    depth = 0
    local = null
    let f =
    fun x: int => // F0
    fun y: int => // F1
    x + y
    let g = f 10
    class Fun$1
    depth = 1
    local = 10
    g
    f
    def app(x: Any) =
    new Fun$0(this, x)
    def app(y: Any) =
    getLocal(1,0) + y
    

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21. ίϯύΠϧ: letࣜ
    • Ϟδϡʔϧม਺Ͱ͸ͳ͘ɺࣜͱͯ͠࢖͏΄͏ͷlet
    
    • ؔ਺ఆٛ+ݺͼग़͠Ͱ࣮૷Մೳ
    
    • ܕਪ࿦ͷؔ܎্ɺ಺෦తʹ͸۠ผͯ͠ѻ͍ͬͯ·͢
    
    • ௨ৗͷؔ਺ఆٛ͸ԾҾ਺ͷܕΛ໌ࣔ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ
    
    • letͷ৔߹͸࣮Ҿ਺ͷܕ͔Βਪ࿦Մೳ
    let tmp = 1 in
    tmp * 10 ;;
    // ࠨͷίʔυͱ౳Ձ
    (fun tmp: int => tmp * 10) 1 ;;
    

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22. ίϯύΠϧ: let rec
    • จ๏ͷ֬ೝ
    
    • let rec x1 = e1; x2 = e2; ... in
    body
    
    • એݴ͞Εͨม਺x1, x2, ... ͸ɺ
    ࣜe1, e2, ..., body͔ΒࢀরՄ
    ೳ
    let rec
    is_even: int => bool =
    fun x: int =>
    if x == 0 then true
    else is_odd (n - 1) ;
    is_odd: int => bool =
    fun x: int =>
    if x == 0 then false
    else is_even (n - 1)
    in
    is_even 99
    

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23. ίϯύΠϧ: let rec
    • Մม഑ྻΛڞ༗͓͖ͯ͠ɺޙ͔Β஋Ληοτ͢Δ
    
    • ม਺΁ͷࢀর͸഑ྻཁૉ΁ͷࢀরʹஔ͖׵͑Δ
    let rec
    is_even: int => bool =
    fun x: int =>
    if x == 0 then true
    else is_odd (n - 1) ;
    is_odd: int => bool =
    fun x: int =>
    if x == 0 then false
    else is_even (n - 1)
    in
    is_even 99
    // ٖࣅίʔυ
    let body env =
    env[0] := fun x => ... else env[1] (n-1)
    env[1] := fun x => ... else env[0] (n-1)
    env[0] 99
    in
    body (new Array[2])
    

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24. ίϯύΠϧ: let rec
    • ਤʹ͢Δͱ͜͏ͳΔ
    class Fun$0
    depth = 0
    local = null
    let rec
    f = fun ...
    g = fun ...
    in
    f 1
    def app(env: Array) = {
    env(0) = new Fun$1(this, env)
    env(1) = new Fun$2(this, env)
    env(0).app(1)
    }
    class Fun$1
    depth = 1
    local = env
    class Fun$2
    depth = 1
    local = env
    f g
    

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25. ࠓޙͷ༧ఆ
    • ܕਪ࿦΍Δͧʂʂʂʂʂʂʂ
    

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