The disk-jet connection in blazars

Invited talk for the session "New developments in blazar search" at the 14th Marcel Grossmann Meeting, held in Rome (Italy)

1. The disk-jet connection in blazars Tullia Sbarrato Università degli Studi di Milano — Bicocca MG14, Rome 14th July 2015
2. • jets and disks in blazars and AGN
 how do we study them? • jet power vs. accretion power • looking for different accretion regimes 
 Outline large catalogs! gamma-rays radio MG14, Roma 14th July 2015
3. Jet & Accretion Tracers accretion structure relativistic jet MG14, Roma 14th July 2015
4. Jet & Accretion Tracers accretion structure relativistic jet MG14, Roma 14th July 2015 from optical spectra: SDSS
5. Jet & Accretion Tracers accretion structure relativistic jet MG14, Roma 14th July 2015 from optical spectra: SDSS Fermi gamma-ray telescope radio survey: FIRST
6. Jet & Accretion Tracers accretion structure relativistic jet MG14, Roma 14th July 2015 from optical spectra: SDSS Fermi gamma-ray telescope radio survey: FIRST
7. Tracing Jet Power with Gamma-rays MG14, Roma 14th July 2015 P jet > P rad ⇠ L obs 2 Sample: Fermi-detected blazars, with broad emission lines 225 FSRQs (Shaw et al. 2012) 26 BL Lac (Shaw et al. 2013)
8. Tracing Jet Power with Gamma-rays MG14, Roma 14th July 2015 Ghisellini et al. 2015, Nature
9. Tracing Jet Power with Gamma-rays MG14, Roma 14th July 2015 Ghisellini et al. 2015, Nature Ldisk = ⌘ ˙ Mc2 Prad ⇠ Pjet 10
10. Tracing Jet Power with Gamma-rays MG14, Roma 14th July 2015 Ghisellini et al. 2015, Nature jet power is proportional to accretion power yet it is larger!! BH rotation must play a role in jet production through magnetic field!
11. Jet power is proportional to and larger than accretion power MG14, Rome 14th July 2015
12. Accretion Structures in Blazars radiatively efficient Shakura-Sunyaev (1973) alpha-disc Mahadevan 1997 radiatively inefficient advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) MG14, Roma 14th July 2015
13. Accretion Structures in Blazars radiatively efficient Shakura-Sunyaev (1973) alpha-disc Mahadevan 1997 radiatively inefficient advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) MG14, Roma 14th July 2015
14. Accretion Structures in Blazars radiatively efficient Shakura-Sunyaev (1973) alpha-disc Mahadevan 1997 radiatively inefficient advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) MG14, Roma 14th July 2015 is there a transition? critical accretion rate?
15. Accretion Structures in Blazars MG14, Roma 14th July 2015 Sbarrato et al. 2014
16. Jet & Accretion Tracers accretion structure relativistic jet MG14, Roma 14th July 2015 from optical spectra: SDSS Fermi gamma-ray telescope radio survey: FIRST
17. Tracing Jet Power with Radio MG14, Roma 14th July 2015 Sample: Fermi-detected blazars with broad emission lines LEGs with upper limits on broad lines 267 blazars 38 LEGs (Buttiglione et al. 2010) radio luminosity traces jet power in all AGN not only blazars radio—galaxies can be used to explore the low accretion rate regime
18. Tracing Jet Power with Radio MG14, Roma 14th July 2015 Sample: Fermi-detected blazars with broad emission lines LEGs with upper limits on broad lines 267 blazars 38 LEGs (Buttiglione et al. 2010) radio luminosity traces jet power in all AGN not only blazars radio—galaxies can be used to explore the low accretion rate regime Be careful with Beaming!
19. Tracing Jet Power with Radio MG14, Roma 14th July 2015 Sbarrato et al. 2014
20. Tracing Jet Power with Radio MG14, Roma 14th July 2015 break!! LBLR LEdd ⇠ 5 ⇥ 10 4 ˙ M ˙ MEdd ⇠ 0.1 consistent with Shakura & Sunyaev 1973: Sbarrato et al. 2014
21. Jetted AGN have different accretion regimes, depending on their accretion rate: the transition occurs at LBLR LEdd ⇠ 5 ⇥ 10 4 MG14, Rome 14th July 2015
22. What do we learn? MG14, Roma 14th July 2015 jet power depends on accretion rate, but it is not influenced by accretion regime if the jet is not determined by the shape and regime of the accretion flow, then why some AGN have a jet and some have not? Can Spin determine the presence of a jet? Why? How is it possible?
23. • by comparing gamma-ray and BLR luminosities
 we find that jet power is proportional to 
 and yet larger than accretion power • by comparing radio and BLR luminosities in both blazars and radio—galaxies, we observe that:
 jetted AGN can show different accretion 
 regimes depending on their 
 the transition between a radiatively efficient 
 accretion disk and a non-efficient accretion 
 flow occurs at Conclusions MG14, Roma 14th July 2015 LBLR LEdd ⇠ 5 ⇥ 10 4 maybe BH rotation has a role in jet launching? Why some AGN have a jet and some don’t?