Big and young SMBHs in the early Universe

Talk at the Krakow Jet Meeting 2015: "Relativistic Jets: Creation, Dynamics, and Internal Physics"

1. Big and young SMBHs
   in the early Universe Tullia Sbarrato Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th Università degli Studi di Milano — Bicocca
2. finding extremely massive SMBHs at high redshift constraints on SMBH formation models! Blazars as SMBHs tracers Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th viewing angle:
3. finding extremely massive SMBHs at high redshift constraints on SMBH formation models! Blazars as SMBHs tracers Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th viewing angle: analogous jetted AGN, randomly oriented:
4. Why only serendipitous? most powerful high redshift most massive SMBH Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th
5. Why only serendipitous? most powerful high redshift most massive SMBH Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th
6. Why only serendipitous? most powerful high redshift most massive SMBH Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th
7. Why only serendipitous? X-ray data! most powerful high redshift most massive SMBH Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th
8. Why only serendipitous? “naked” disc most powerful high redshift most massive SMBH Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th
9. Why only serendipitous? “naked” disc ✓ can be found in large optical catalogs ✓ MBH can be estimated by fitting the “naked” accretion disc! most powerful high redshift most massive SMBH Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th
10. Sbarrato et al. 2013a Systematic approach Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th
11. Sbarrato et al. 2013a Systematic approach SDSS DR7 + FIRST - z>4 1248 - radio-detected >1mJy 53 - R>100 R=F5GHz/FB 31 GROND - visible from La Silla 19 Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th
12. } Sbarrato et al. 2013a Systematic approach 19 high-z, extremely radio-loud blazar candidates SDSS DR7 + FIRST - z>4 1248 - radio-detected >1mJy 53 - R>100 R=F5GHz/FB 31 GROND - visible from La Silla 19 Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th
13. Sbarrato et al. 2012b; Sbarrato et al. 2013b B2 1023+25 Best blazar candidate: Accretion disc fitting: F1.4GHz = 260mJy Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th
14. Sbarrato et al. 2012b; Sbarrato et al. 2013b B2 1023+25 Best blazar candidate: NuSTAR and Swift/XRT: strong and hard X-ray flux FX[5 10keV] = 5.5 ⇥ 10 14erg cm 2s 1 X = 1.60+0.27 0.26 Accretion disc fitting: F1.4GHz = 260mJy Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th
15. B2 1023+25 traces at least ~1540 analogous misaligned quasars How many SMBHs does it trace? • B2 1023+25 is seen with viewing angle smaller than the jet beaming angle 2 2 338 } • SDSS+FIRST cover ~8770 square degrees, i.e. 1/4 of the whole sky Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th
16. High masses at high redshift! (Hopkins et al. 2007) Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th
17. Sbarrato et al. 2015 (Hopkins et al. 2007) Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th High masses at high redshift!
18. Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th High masses at high redshift!
19. Ghisellini et al. 2013 Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th High masses at high redshift!
20. Conclusions • blazars are good to look for extremely massive BHs at high z 
 they trace their parent population • to confirm “blazarness”: X-ray data • two different formation epochs for highly massive SMBHs: 
 jetted systems preferentially form at z~4 
 non-jetted systems at z~2-2.5 • it’s hard to form such massive BHs in the early Universe ➡ the presence of jets might help Krakow Jet Meeting 2015, April 24th