Kicking Ass with Sass & Compass (2012 Edition)

Transcript

1. Nathan Henderson WITH SASS AND COMPASS KICKING ASS (CSS for

   awesome people) 2012 EDITION

2. WAT?

3. SUPERCHARGED CSS

4. SASS

5. Syntactically Awesome Stylesheets

6. Syntactically Awesome Stylesheets

7. Syntactically Awesome Stylesheets Sass - Syntactically Awesome Stylesheets http://sass-lang.com/ Search

8. WHY SASS INSTEAD OF CSS?

9. body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents

   { width: 800px; } #contents #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #contents #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; } #contents #main h2 { color: blue; } #footer { height: 200px; } CSS body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents { width: 800px; } #contents #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #contents #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; } #contents #main h2 { color: blue; } #footer { height: 200px; } Nested CSS

10. body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents

    { width: 800px; #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; h2 { color: blue; } } } #footer { height: 200px; } SCSS body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents { width: 800px; } #contents #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #contents #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; } #contents #main h2 { color: blue; } #footer { height: 200px; } Nested CSS

11. body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents

    { width: 800px; #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; h2 { color: blue; } } } #footer { height: 200px; } SCSS body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents { width: 800px; } #contents #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #contents #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; } #contents #main h2 { color: blue; } #footer { height: 200px; } Nested CSS

12. body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents

    { width: 800px; #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; h2 { color: blue; } } } #footer { height: 200px; } SCSS • SCSS = “Sassy CSS” • Default Sass syntax • Superset of CSS3 (CSS is SCSS!) • Nested selectors

13. • SCSS = “Sassy CSS” • Default Sass syntax •

    Superset of CSS3 (CSS is SCSS!) • Nested selectors • Nested properties too body { font: { family: sans-serif; size: 30em; weight: bold; } } #contents { width: 800px; #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; h2 { color: blue; } } } #footer { height: 200px; } SCSS

14. • SCSS = “Sassy CSS” • Default Sass syntax •

    Superset of CSS3 (CSS is SCSS!) • Nested selectors • Nested properties too • Indentation isn’t required, but… body { font: { family: sans-serif; size: 30em; weight: bold; } } #contents { width: 800px; #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; h2 { color: blue; } } } #footer { height: 200px; } SCSS

15. body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents

    { width: 800px; #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; h2 { color: blue; } } } #footer { height: 200px; } SCSS

16. body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents

    { width: 800px; #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; h2 { color: blue; } } } #footer { height: 200px; } SCSS body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: 800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px Sass

17. body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents

    { width: 800px; #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; h2 { color: blue; } } } #footer { height: 200px; } SCSS body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: 800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px Sass

18. • “Sass” or “indented” syntax • White space aware (2

    space soft tabs are your friends) • Cleaner than CSS body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: 800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px Sass

19. body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 30em; font-weight: bold; } #contents

    { width: 800px; } #contents #sidebar { float: right; width: 200px; } #contents #main { width: 600px; background: #eeeeee; } #contents #main h2 { color: blue; } #footer { height: 200px; } CSS body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: 800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px Sass

20. body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: 800px

    #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px Sass • “Sass” or “indented” syntax • White space aware (2 space soft tabs are your friends) • Cleaner than CSS, but so what?

21. THE GOOD STUFF • Variables

22. VARIABLES body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width:

    800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px // Variable Definitions $page-width: 800px $sidebar-width: 200px $primary-color: #eeeeee

23. VARIABLES body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width:

    800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px // Variable Definitions $page-width: 800px $sidebar-width: 200px $primary-color: #eeeeee body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: $page-width #sidebar float: right width: $sidebar-width #main width: ??? background: $primary-color h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px

24. VARIABLES body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width:

    800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px // Variable Definitions $page-width: 800px $sidebar-width: 200px $primary-color: #eeeeee body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: $page-width #sidebar float: right width: $sidebar-width #main width: ??? background: $primary-color h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px

25. VARIABLES body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width:

    800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px // Variable Definitions $page-width: 800px $sidebar-width: 200px $primary-color: #eeeeee body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: $page-width #sidebar float: right width: $sidebar-width #main width: ??? background: $primary-color h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: $page-width #sidebar float: right width: $sidebar-width #main width: $page-width - $sidebar-width background: $primary-color h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px

26. VARIABLES body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width:

    800px #sidebar float: right width: 200px #main width: 600px background: #eeeeee h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px // Variable Definitions $page-width: 800px $sidebar-width: 200px $primary-color: #eeeeee body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: $page-width #sidebar float: right width: $sidebar-width #main width: ??? background: $primary-color h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px body font-family: sans-serif font-size: 30em font-weight: bold #contents width: $page-width #sidebar float: right width: $sidebar-width #main width: $page-width - $sidebar-width background: $primary-color h2 color: blue #footer height: 200px MATH

27. EXAMPLE FO’ REALZ

28. EXAMPLE FO’ REALZ

29. EXAMPLE FO’ REALZ // Dimensions $page_width: 960px $nav_tabs: 6 //

    number of navigation tabs $tab_width: round($page_width / $nav_tabs) - 1

30. EXAMPLE FO’ REALZ // Dimensions $page_width: 960px $nav_tabs: 7 //

    number of navigation tabs $tab_width: round($page_width / $nav_tabs) - 1

31. EXAMPLE FO’ REALZ // Dimensions $page_width: 960px $nav_tabs: 7 //

    number of navigation tabs $tab_width: round($page_width / $nav_tabs) - 1

32. USING VARIABLES • Colors • Font Stacks • Margins &

    Padding • Border widths • Border radii

33. THE GOOD STUFF • Variables • Mixins

34. MIXINS

35. MIXINS @mixin large-text font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif font-size: 20px font-weight:

    bold color: #ff0000 #content h1 @include large-text

36. MORE MIXINS

37. MORE MIXINS @mixin ez-border($width, $color) border-width: $width border-style: solid border-color:

    $color #aboutbox @include ez-border(2px, #eee)

38. MORE MIXINS @mixin ez-border($width, $color) border-width: $width border-style: solid border-color:

    $color #aboutbox @include ez-border(2px, #eee) @mixin ez-border($width: 2px, $color: #eee) border-width: $width border-style: solid border-color: $color #aboutbox @include ez-border

39. MORE MIXINS @mixin ez-border($width, $color) border-width: $width border-style: solid border-color:

    $color #aboutbox @include ez-border(2px, #eee) @mixin ez-border($width: 2px, $color: #eee) border-width: $width border-style: solid border-color: $color #aboutbox @include ez-border #aboutbox @include ez-border(1px, #444)

40. FUN WITH MIXINS • Mixin definitions can include other mixins

    • Try the ‘&’ parent selector • Global variables in mixins

41. THE GOOD STUFF • Variables • Mixins • Selector Inheritance

    “@extend”

42. @EXTEND <div class="alert criticalAlert"> Oh snap! The roof is on

    fire! </div> .alert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808

43. @EXTEND <div class="alert criticalAlert"> Oh snap! The roof is on

    fire! </div> .alert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808 .alert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert @extend .alert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808

44. @EXTEND <div class="alert criticalAlert"> Oh snap! The roof is on

    fire! </div> .alert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808 <div class="criticalAlert"> Oh snap! The roof is on fire! </div> .alert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert @extend .alert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808

45. MULTIPLE @EXTENDS .alert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert border-width:

    3px color: #8a0808 .greatGooglyMoogly @extend .alert @extend .criticalAlert border-style: dashed <div class="greatGooglyMoogly"> Oh snap! The roof is on fire! </div>

46. @EXTEND VS. MIXINS @extend modifies selectors, mixins add properties &

    values .alert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert @extend .alert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808 Sass Input (@extend) .alert, .criticalAlert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808 CSS Output

47. @EXTEND VS. MIXINS @extend modifies selectors, mixins add properties &

    values @mixin alert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert @mixin alert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808 Sass Input (@mixin) .criticalAlert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee border-width: 3px color: #8a0808 CSS Output

48. PLACEHOLDER SELECTOR %-prefixed selectors don’t get rendered to CSS %alert

    border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert @extend %alert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808 Sass Input .criticalAlert border: 1px #f00 background-color: #eee .criticalAlert border-width: 3px color: #8a0808 CSS Output

49. THE GOOD STUFF • Variables • Mixins • Selector Inheritance

    “@extend” • Other goodies

50. PARENT SELECTORS a font-weight: bold text-decoration: none a:hover text-decoration: underline

    a font-weight: bold text-decoration: none &:hover text-decoration: underline

51. @IMPORT & PARTIALS @import "rounded-corners", "text-shadow" filenames that start with

    an underscore won’t be compiled into files _rounded-corners.sass _text-shadow.sass

52. USING SASS sass input.sass output.css sass --watch input.sass:output.css sass --watch

    app/sass:public/stylesheets or…

53. COMPASS

54. None

55. Compass http://compass-style.com/ Search

56. WHAT IS IT? • Extends Sass to be a full-fledged

    stylesheet framework • Mixins, helpers, new functions, resets & more

57. CSS3 HELPERS -webkit-border-radius: 4px -moz-border-radius: 4px -o-border-radius: 4px -ms-border-radius: 4px

    -khtml-border-radius: 4px border-radius: 4px @import "compass/css3/border-radius" @include border-radius(4px)

58. OTHER HELPERS @include adjust-lightness($color, $amount) Color: @include font-face($name, $font-files, $eot)

    Fonts: @include clearfix Clearfix: @include horizontal-list($padding, $direction) List Nav: and many more! @import "icon/*.png" @include all-icon-sprites Spriting:

59. USING COMPASS compass create /path/to/project cd /path/to/project compass watch Manually:

    or…

60. TOOLS THAT USE SASS & COMPASS • Middleman http://middlemanapp.com •

    CodeKit http://incident57.com/codekit/ • Scout http://mhs.github.com/scout-app/ • Many other Ruby-based projects, including Rails

61. WHY USE SASS & COMPASS?

62. • Keep your stylesheets DRY • Revisions are easier (no

    more “find & replace all”) • Bleeding edge CSS properties become production-ready • Build reuseable mixins & functions • Create your own stylesheet framework • You’ll be awesome

63. THANK YOU @nathos http://nathos.com @nex3 & @chriseppstein http://sass-lang.com http://compass-style.org